scholarly journals Viability of oocist eimeria of turkeys under exposure to Mycadez

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
P. V. Liulin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Scientific Laboratory ◽  
Petri Dishes

The sanitary and parasitic state of poultry houses affects the infestation of turkeys with eimeria. The increased humidity and temperature of the surface layers of the litter, which contributes to the sporulation of oocysts and the infection of young birds with eimerious invasion plays an important role. Therefore, while developing control and prevention measures, it is necessary to take into account the permissible standards for litter moisture and ambient temperature. It is well known that the viability of eimeria oocysts largely depends on the moisture content of the substrate, temperature and the presence of air. However, the influence of these factors and the effect of Mikadez on the viability of pathogens of eimeria oocysts have not been fully studied. Research object. Freshly excreted turkey feces containing oocysts of eimeria E. meleagridis (37.5 %); E. adenoids (25.7 %); E. gallopavonis (26.1 %), E. meleagrimitis (7.3 %); E. innocua (3.4 %) and Micadez litter desiccant were studied. Objective. To study the effectiveness of the litter desiccant Mikaedz TU U 08.1 - 36613759 - 002: 2013 on turkey eimeria oocysts in the environment. The studies were carried out in the scientific laboratory of the Department of Parasitology of the Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, using generally accepted parasitological and microscopic research methods. Material for the study was taken from turkeys experimentally infested with eimeriosis. Feces were placed in Petri dishes without bedding and with bedding containing Mikadez, kept in a thermostat at a temperature of +20 ° C, 70 % relative humidity for 10 days. The loss of moisture in feces was monitored by weighing, and the viability of eimeria oocysts microscopically, counting the number of non-sporulated and sporulated oocysts in the Goryaev chamber were determined. With a decrease in fecal moisture to 31.3 ± 1.22 % ‒ 40.7 ± 0.51 %, the viability of eimeria oocysts reduced, which indicates the leading role of moisture in the sanitizing process. At a moisture content of 30 % in the substrates (feces), Eimeria oocysts lose their viability, and the Micadez bedding desiccant promotes the absorption of moisture from feces and accelerates the death of Eimeria oocysts in turkeys.

Does the weather play a role in the spread of pandemic influenza? A study of H1N1pdm09 infections in France during 2009–2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 3384-3393 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. VITTECOQ ◽  
B. ROCHE ◽  
J.-M. COHEN ◽  
F. RENAUD ◽  
F. THOMAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
National Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Control And Prevention

SUMMARYUnderstanding patterns of influenza spread and persistence is crucial for pandemic preparedness. The H1N1pdm09 virus caused the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century which resulted in at least 18500 deaths. Based on laboratory-confirmed primary-care case reports we investigated the role of weather conditions and socio-demographic variables in its initial spread and subsequent presence in France. Our findings suggest that low relative humidity and high population density were determinants in shaping the early spread of the virus at the national level. Those conditions also favoured the persistence of viral presence throughout the first 33 weeks of the pandemic. Additionally this persistence was significantly favoured by low insolation. These results confirm the increasingly recognized role of humidity in influenza dynamics and underlie the concomitant effect of insolation. Therefore climatic factors should be taken into account when designing influenza control and prevention measures.

scholarly journals PNEUMOVIRUSES IN HUMAN INFECTIOUS DISEASES

2017 ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
S. B. Yatsyshina
Keyword(s):  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

This review presents the actual data about structure, genetic diversity and pathogenicity factors of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSv) and human metapneumovirus - which are the members of new Pneumoviridae family, according to updated taxonomy accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in 2016. The results of own epidemiological and clinical studies are presented in comparison with literature data. Cyclic recurrence of hRSv circulation was revealed. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hRSv and hMpv infections were compared. The leading role of the hRSv in ARVI in children and the importance of hMpv as an etiological agent of respiratory infection in adults are shown. Significance of both viruses as the agents of the lower respiratory tract infections is emphasized. The factors contributing to the prevalence of the hRSv in children with ARI are analyzed. Prevention measures for these infections are considered.

scholarly journals THE HEALTH OF WORKERS OF CONCENTRATING MILLS BY MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF CONCENTRATION OF MINERALS AND PREVENTION MEASURES

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
Anna V. Sukhova ◽  
E. A. Preobrazhenskaya ◽  
A. V. Il’Nitskaya ◽  
V. A. Kir’Yakov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Muscular System ◽  
Working Zone ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Ore Dressing ◽  
Modern Technologies

The article presents the results of study of factors of occupational risk for health of workers of ore-dressing factories. At ore-dressing factories, despite of implementing new technological processes and modern equipment, leading role of noise factor and pollution of air of working zone with aerosols predominantly of fibrogenic effect is preserved. for workers of ore-dressing factories a high degree of industrial conditioning of diseases of blood circulation organs, respiratory organs, bone muscular system, INT organs is specific. The structure of occupational diseases is formed by dust diseases of lungs and occupational pathology of organ of hearing. The complex of preventive measures is developed and ways of their implementation are proposed targeted to supporting health of workers opf ore-dressing factories and preventing development of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases.

scholarly journals Humidity-dependence of the hydroxyl accessibility in Norway spruce wood

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Altgen ◽  
Lauri Rautkari
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Humidity Dependence

Abstract This study aimed at a better understanding of the wood-water interaction, in particular the role of the hydroxyl accessibility during the humidity-dependent change in moisture content. Thin sections (80 µm) of never-dried Norway spruce sapwood that contained early- and latewood were used for the experiments. Sorption isotherm measurements confirmed the humidity-dependent moisture content changes and the effect of the first drying of the wood sections. Changes in hydroxyl accessibility were then determined by deuteration of the sections using deuterium oxide, followed by their re-protonation in water (H2O) vapor at different relative humidity: 15, 55 or 95%. The deuteration and re-protonation of the wood sections were quantified by dry mass changes as well as by changes in the OH and OD stretching vibrations in the Fourier transform infrared spectra. The results showed that the deuterated sections could be almost completely re-protonated in H2O vapor, nearly irrespective of the applied relative humidity. Therefore, changes in hydroxyl accessibility were not the driving force for the humidity-dependent changes in moisture content. However, a slow re-protonation rate at low relative humidity had to be considered. Nonetheless, a small quantity of OD groups persisted the re-protonation in H2O vapor and liquid H2O, which was not related to the drying of the wood. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals The Role of Streptococcus spp. in Bovine Mastitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Tina Kabelitz ◽  
Etienne Aubry ◽  
Kira van Vorst ◽  
Thomas Amon ◽  
Marcus Fulde
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Therapy Costs ◽  
Resistance Rates

The Streptococcus genus belongs to one of the major pathogen groups inducing bovine mastitis. In the dairy industry, mastitis is the most common and costly disease. It not only negatively impacts economic profit due to milk losses and therapy costs, but it is an important animal health and welfare issue as well. This review describes a classification, reservoirs, and frequencies of the most relevant Streptococcus species inducing bovine mastitis (S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and S. uberis). Host and environmental factors influencing mastitis susceptibility and infection rates will be discussed, because it has been indicated that Streptococcus herd prevalence is much higher than mastitis rates. After infection, we report the sequence of cow immune reactions and differences in virulence factors of the main Streptococcus species. Different mastitis detection techniques together with possible conventional and alternative therapies are described. The standard approach treating streptococcal mastitis is the application of ß-lactam antibiotics. In streptococci, increased antimicrobial resistance rates were identified against enrofloxacin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. At the end, control and prevention measures will be considered, including vaccination, hygiene plan, and further interventions. It is the aim of this review to estimate the contribution and to provide detailed knowledge about the role of the Streptococcus genus in bovine mastitis.

УКРАЇНОЗНАВЧИЙ ОСВІТНІЙ ЧИННИК В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МАСОВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Н. В. Фрадкіна
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Individual

The purpose and tasks of the work are to analyze the contemporary Ukrainian mass culture in terms of its value and humanistic components, as well as the importance of cultural studies and Ukrainian studies in educational disciplines for the formation of a holistic worldview of modern youth.Analysis of research and publications. Scientists repeatedly turned to the problems of the role of spirituality in the formation of society and its culture. This problem is highlighted in the publications by O. Losev, V. Lytvyn, D. Likhachev, S. Avierintsev, M. Zakovych, I. Stepanenko and E. Kostyshyn.Experts see the main negative impact of mass culture on the quality approach, which determines mass culture through the market, because mass culture, from our point of view, is everything that is sold and used in mass demand.One of the most interesting studies on this issue was the work by the representatives of Frankfurt School M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno «Dialectics of Enlightenment» (1947), devoted to a detailed analysis of mass culture. Propaganda at all socio-cultural levels in the form is similar in both totalitarian and democratic countries. It is connected, according to the authors, with the direction of European enlightenment. The tendency to unify people is a manifestation of the influence of mass culture, from cinema to pop. Mass culture is a phenomenon whose existence is associated with commerce (accumulation in any form – this is the main feature of education), in general, the fact that it exists in this form is related to the direction of the history of civilization.Modern mass culture, with its externally attractive and easily assimilated ideas and symbols, appealing to the trends of modern fashion, becomes a standard of prestigious consumption, does not require intense reflection, allows you to relax, distract, not teach, but entertains, preaches hedonism as the main spiritual value. And as a consequence, there are socio-cultural risks: an active rejection of other people, which leads to the formation of indifference; cruelty as a character trait; increase of violent and mercenary crime; increase in the number of alcohol and drug addicts; anti-patriotism; indifference to the values of the family and as a result of social orphanhood and prostitution.Conclusions, perspectives of research. Thus, we can conclude that modern Ukrainian education is predominantly formed by the values of mass culture. Namely, according to the «Dialectic» by Horkheimer and Adorno, «semi-enlightenment becomes an objective spirit» of our modern society.It is concluded that only high-quality education can create the opposite of the onset of mass culture and the destruction of spirituality in our society. It is proved that only by realizing the importance of cultivating disciplines in the educational process and the spiritual upbringing of the nation, through educational reforms, humanitarian knowledge will gradually return to student audiences.Formation of youth occurs under the influence of social environment, culture, education and self-education. The optimal combination of these factors determines both the process of socialization itself and how successful it will be. In this context, one can see the leading role of education and upbringing. It turns out that the main task of modern education is to spread its influence on the development of spiritual culture of the individual, which eventually becomes a solid foundation for the formation of the individual. Such a subject requires both philosophical and humanitarian approaches in further integrated interdisciplinary research, since the availability of such research will provide the theoretical foundation for truly modern educational and personal development.

A reconnaissance of tropical resources during Revolutionary years: the role of the Paris Museum d'Histoire Naturelle

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADELEINE LY-TIO-FANE
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Joseph Ii

SUMMARY The recent extensive literature on exploration and the resulting scientific advances has failed to highlight the contribution of Austrian enterprise to the study of natural history. The leading role of Joseph II among the neutral powers which assumed the carrying trade of the belligerents during the American War of Independence, furthered the development of collections for the Schönbrunn Park and Gardens which had been set up on scientific principles by his parents. On the conclusion of peace, Joseph entrusted to Professor Maerter a world-encompassing mission in the course of which the Chief Gardener Franz Boos and his assistant Georg Scholl travelled to South Africa to collect plants and animals. Boos pursued the mission to Isle de France and Bourbon (Mauritius and Reunion), conveyed by the then unknown Nicolas Baudin. He worked at the Jardin du Roi, Pamplemousses, with Nicolas Cere, or at Palma with Joseph Francois Charpentier de Cossigny. The linkage of Austrian and French horticultural expertise created a situation fraught with opportunities which were to lead Baudin to the forefront of exploration and scientific research as the century closed in the upheaval of the Revolutionary Wars.

The use of Information Technology as Tools of Developing Educational Communications for Realizing the Personal Potential of University Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Andrey Ivanovich Shutenko ◽  
◽  
Elena Nikolaevn Shutenko ◽  
Julia Petrovna Derevyanko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Informational Environment

The article is devoted to the problem of educational communications development as a sphere of implementation of modern information-communication technologies in the higher education system. The purpose of the article is to present the structure and functions of educational communications aimed at the development of personal potential and self-realization of students. Methodology. The study is based on the methodology of personal and communicative-informational approaches in education, psychological-pedagogical provisions on the structure of communication, the leading role of learning activity, didactic principles of building an educational-informational environment. In theoretical terms, the study is based on the idea of the indirect implementation of ICT in education through the development of educational communications. The developing structure of educational communications, including didactic, informational-gnostic, interactive, psychological, attractive-motivational, value-semantic components, is presented. The possibilities of developing personal potential in educational communications are considered. The author’s developmental model of ICT functions is presented, which includes clusters of actual and latent functions aimed at the formation of information-educational space for the development of students’ personal potential. In conclusion, a inference was made about the prospects of the indirect introduction of modern ICT as tools for the development and functioning of various educational communications. At the same time, it is essential that these communications perform psychological and pedagogical tasks and functions.

CATFISH DRYING (Clarias Batraclus) USING ‘TEKO BERSAYAP’ SOLAR DRYER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Yuwana Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Dryer

Experiment on catfish drying employing ‘Teko Bersayap’ solar dryer was conducted. The result of the experiment indicated that the dryer was able to increase ambient temperature up to 44% and decrease ambient relative humidity up to 103%. Fish drying process followed equations : KAu = 74,94 e-0,03t for unsplitted fish and KAb = 79,25 e-0,09t for splitted fish, where KAu = moisture content of unsplitted fish (%), KAb = moisture content of splitted fish (%), t = drying time. Drying of unsplitted fish finished in 43.995 hours while drying of split fish completed in 15.29 hours. Splitting the fish increased 2,877 times drying rate.

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