scholarly journals A New Technology for Extraction of Essential Oil from Anethum graveolens L. Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
N. N. Boyko ◽  
D. I. Pisarev ◽  
E. T. Zhilyakova ◽  
A. Yu. Malyutina ◽  
O. O. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Analytical Wavelength ◽  
Method Of Extraction

The aim of this work was to study the possibility of perfluoroorganic solvents use for extraction of main compounds of essential oil from Anethum graveolens L. fruits. We used Anethum graveolens L. fruits with particle size of 0.1–0.5 mm for extraction. We used the method of simple maceration for 24 hours, with raw material to solvent ratio of 1:10 w/v at 24±1°С. Besides, we used the method of circulation extraction in the Soxhlet extractor with raw material to solvent ratio of 1:5 w/v for 1 to 4 hours. The qualitative analysis of extracts was carried out by the method of GC-MS. The quantitative analysis of carvone was carried out by the method of RP HPLC at 240 nm analytical wavelength. The use of simple maceration method provided the following yields of carvone into all types of solvents: 95±4 % for n-hexane, 95±4 % for Novec 7100, and 69±3 % for Novec 1230. The use of the circulation method of extraction for 60 min of solvent circulation provided the following yields of carvone: 93±4 % for Novec 1230 and 92±4 % for Novec 7100. It was noted that the extract obtained with solvent Novec 7100 was contaminated by fatty oil and required an addition stage of purification. The results obtained suggest that perfluoro organic solvents have good prospects and applicability in the phytotechnology for the extraction of some types of biologically active compounds and essential oils from the plant raw material.

scholarly journals Study of the antimicrobial and fungicidal activity of the essential oil Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen”

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Steshenko ◽  
O. V. Mazulin ◽  
N. M. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Material Base

The main problem of modern phytotherapy is the medicinal plants that have a sufficient raw material base and contain a large number of biologically active substances. Treatment of diseases with synthetic drugs leads to the development of resistance to pathogenic microflora and the appearance of allergic reactions. Therefore, to solve this problem, it is necessary to find new plant-based antimicrobials that are safe for long-term use and have a wide spectrum of action. The aim of the work was to study the antibacterial and fungicidal activity of the essential oil of Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen”. Materials and methods. The essential oil of Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” was used for the experimental part. To test the antimicrobial and antifungal action of the essential oil, reference test strains, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida were selected. The studies were performed in vitro using the disco-diffusion method. Results. Studies have shown that the essential oil of Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” has a significant antibacterial effect against S. aureus ATCC 25923 (diameters of growth inhibition were 14.60 ± 1.52 mm) and fungicidal effect Candida albicans ATCC 885-6530 (29.30 ± 2.82 mm). Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was detected in relation to E. coli (19.60 ± 1.85 mm). It was experimentally proven that the essential oil had no bactericidal effect on the test strain of P. aeruginosa. Conclusions. It was found that the essential oil of the studied hybrid species Thymus x citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. var. “Silver Queen” shows a significant antibacterial activity and is promising for further research.

scholarly journals Оbtaining isovaleric acid extraction from plant raw material

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
V. V. Dyachok ◽  
◽  
I. L. Dіachok ◽  
O. L. Ivankiv ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Isovaleric Acid ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol Solution ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Method Of Extraction

The paper presents a mathematical description of the process of obtaining isovaleric acid by the method of extraction of roots and rhizomes of valerian, taking into account its chemical structure and the nature of the extractant. The traditional case of the extraction process, the straight line of equilibrium in the case of using an aqueous alcohol solution as an extractant and the unconventional case of using desalinated water as an extractant, which is represented by a convex equilibrium line, is substantiated. The cause of the unconventional case is the phenomenon of formation of associations between diphilic molecules of isovaleric acid and dipole molecules with water. The possibility of using ion exchange was investigated to isolate isovaleric acid from the extract of biologically active compounds. The identity of isovaleric acid obtained in this way by the gas method was confirmed chromatography.

scholarly journals Contents of biologically active substances in the leaves of Myrtus communis L. under the conditions of the south Crimea

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
L. Logvinenko ◽  
E. Dunaevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Myrtus Communis L

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of various methods of cultivating the variety of common myrtle Yuzhnoberezhny on the change in the content of macro- and microelements in raw materials, to compare the component composition of the essential oil obtained in the long-term and overgrowth form of its cultivation. Myrtus communis L. is a representative of the Mediterranean plant community, which since ancient times has been used for medicinal purposes and as a spicy culture. In the Nikitsky Botanical Garden – the National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a variety of common myrtle South Coast was created. The variety is recommended for industrial cultivation on the territory of the southern coast of Crimea. Methods. The mineral composition of the raw materials was determined by dry ashing of leaves cut in the phase of technological maturity. The content of seven essential elements was determined on the quantum 2MT atomic absorption spectrophotometer: potassium in the emission mode, calcium, magnesium, ferrum, manganese, cuprum and zinc in the absorption mode. The component composition was studied in samples of essential oil on an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph with a 5973N mass spectrograph detector. Results. The maximum yield of medicinal raw materials in these soil and climatic conditions was ensured sprout cultivation, in which the rate of shoot formation increased by 2.6 times, and the yield of leaf, which is the raw material for the essential oil and food industries, increased by 37 %. The method of cultivating myrtle influenced the content of essential elements in the raw materials: the growth of ferrum and zinc was facilitated by the overgrowth form of cultivation, and cuprum and manganese – by many years. The amount of ferrum in the phase of technological maturity of the leaf was 84.37 mg/kg: in leaf-growing leaves 2.67 times more than in raw materials with a long-term form of cultivation. For cuprum, the opposite tendency was obtained – during germination cultivation, its concentration decreased by 2 times. The culture and variety are characterized by a high amount of magnesium and calcium in the leaf mass, regardless of the method of cultivation, up to 3.3 times the daily requirement of a person. Scientific novelty. A distinctive feature of this culture and variety is its high manganese content (20.2 mg/kg) in comparison with other perennial crops growing in this area (Helichrysum, Lavandula, Elsholtzia).

scholarly journals STUDY OF BAICALIN HYDROLYSIS KINETICS IN THE PROCESS OF ITS EXTRACTION FROM SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS GEORGI ROOTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
N. N. Boyko ◽  
D. I. Pisarev ◽  
E. T. Zhilyakova ◽  
A. Yu. Maljutina ◽  
O. O. Novikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Hydrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Analytical Wavelength ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Method Of Extraction

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of baicalin hydrolysis in the process of its extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots.Materials and methods. For the studies, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots with a particle range of 0.1–0.5 mm were used. The method of extraction was a simple maceration during a specified period of time, the ratio of plant raw material : extractant was 1:10 w/v at the temperature of 24±1°С. Baicalin and baicalein contents were analyzed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) at the analytical wavelength of 275 nm. The extractant was a water solution of ethanol 26, 43, 59, 72, 81, 97±1% v/v. The time of the extraction was from 1 to 24 hours.Results. The experimental points of dependency of baicalin concentration in the extract on the time of extraction for ethanol solutions with a concentration of 43 and 72% v/v are closely approximated by a linear equation in coordinates lnC=f(t). The value of determination coefficient is more than R²˃0,99. Half lifetime for baicalin has been calculated: for ethanol with the concentration of 43% v/v it is 4.3±0.7 hours, and for ethanol with the concentration of 72% v/v it is 42.3±1.8 hours.Conclusion. Baicalin hydrolysis kinetics in the process of its extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots with 43 and 72% v/v ethanol concentration. has been studied. It has been established that the process of baicalin hydrolysis is well described by the first order kinetic equation. The constants of baicalin hydrolysis during its extraction from Scutelaria baicalensis roots with ethanol having different concentrations have been calculated. Recommendations on technology optimization for baicalin or baicalein extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots have been given. 

scholarly journals Intraspecific variability of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L. s.l.) in respect of developmental and chemical traits

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bączek ◽  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Paula Kuźma ◽  
Marcin Ejdys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Chemical Traits ◽  
Developmental Traits ◽  
Developmental Features

SummaryThe aim of study was to determine the variability of 20 yarrow populations introduced intoex situconditions, in respect of selected developmental traits as well as content and composition of biologically active compounds (essential oil, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids). Field experiment was established at the Experimental Station, Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants. Morphological observations and harvest of raw material were carried out in the second year of plant vegetation, at the beginning of blooming. Investigated populations differed significantly in respect of developmental features as well as content and composition of identified compounds. The highest differences among the populations concerned fresh mass of herb (0.46–1.79 kg per plant), number of shoots per m2(64–243) and length of the longest internode (42–158 mm). Total content of essential oil ranged from 0.10 to 1.00%. Among 24 identified compoundsβ-pinene, 1,8-cineole, terpinene-4-ol, nerolidol and chamazulene were the dominants. According to content of these compounds, three chemotypes were distinguished within investigated populations, i.e.:β-pinene,β-pinene + chamazulene and 1,8-cineole type. Content of tannins ranged from 0.38 to 0.90%. Four flavonoids were identified and apigenin 7-glucoside was present in the highest amount (from 9.87 to 475.21 mg × 100 g−1), while the highest differences between populations concerned the content of luteolin-3',7-diglucoside. Within phenolic acids, three compounds (caffeic acid derivatives) were identified. Rosmarinic acid was the dominant one (75.64–660.54 mg × 100 g−1), while cichoric acid differentiated investigated populations the most.

scholarly journals The component composition of the essential oil from Laurus nobilis L. unripe fruits harvested in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3(75)) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Irina Yu. Posohova ◽  
Olha P. Khvorost ◽  
Kateryna S. Skrebtsova ◽  
Yuliia A. Fedchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Skin Cleansing ◽  
The Village ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Aim. To study the qualitative composition and the quantitative content of the essential oil components from Laurus nobilis L. unripe fruits.Results and discussion. In the essential oil from Laurus nobilis L. unripe fruits 31 compounds were determined; among them 28 substances were identified. A high content was characteristic for spatulenol (1947.1 mg/kg) and betulenol (925.3 mg/kg).Experimental part. The raw material for obtaining the essential oil (unripe fruits) of Laurus nobilis L. was harvested in November 2017 in Alushta and the village of Rybalskoe, Crimea. The component composition of the essential oil of the unripe fruits from Laurus nobilis L. was studied and the constituents of the essential oil were identified by chromato-mass spectrometry using an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph. The component composition of the essential oil was revealed by comparing the results obtained with data from the NIST 02 mass spectrum library (more than 174.000 substances).Conclusions. The component composition of the essential oil from Laurus nobilis L. unripe fruits harvested in Ukraine has been studied. Taking into account the set of the biologically active compounds found in the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. it can be argued that further pharmacognostic studies of fruits of this plant as the medicinal raw material with the predicted pharmacological activity (e.g., antimicrobial and skin cleansing) are promising.

scholarly journals Component composition of essential oil shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian origian

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Olga Khvorost ◽  
Irina Posohova ◽  
Yuliia Fedchenkova ◽  
Kateryna Skrebtsova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Active Substances

The aim of our work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the essential oils of shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian flora and to determine the prospects for their use in pharmacy. Materials and methods. Raw materials for obtaining essential oil (shoots and leaves) of Laurus nobilis L. were harvested in November 2017 in the southern regions of Ukraine. By the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry using an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph, the component composition of 4 samples of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. raw material was investigated and identified. The composition of the essential oil was identified by comparing the results with the data from the NIsT 02 mass spectra library (more than 174,000 substances). Results. Thus, in the studied series of the essential oil of the shoots, a similarity was observed both in the set of components and in the relative content of a number of individual compounds and compounds of structurally related groups. The content in these samples was dominated by 1,8-cineole (19.63 % of the amount and 12.93 % of the amount, respectively), α-terpinyl acetate (16.22 % of the amount and 16.03 % of the amount, respectively). In contrast to the series of the essential oil of the shoots, the component composition of the essential oil of the leaves of the two series was significantly different. In both studied series, only 3 compounds were identified that are common - these are aromatic compounds methyleugenol, trans-methylisoevgenol, and the sequiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide. Conclusions. Thus, a comparative analysis of the component composition of biologically active substances in the essential oils of shoots and leaves of the Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian harvest showed the prospects for further pharmacognostic research of this plant as a source of medicinal raw materials

scholarly journals CHEMICAL STUDY OF LAVANDULA FERTILIZER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (440) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
A.B. Tashimbetova ◽  
A.K. Umbetova ◽  
Z.B. Halmenova ◽  
Y.S. Ikhsanov ◽  
M.I. Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Computer Data ◽  
Active Complex

Genus Lavandula – specially grown as an aromatic and medicinal plant. In inflorescences, the content of essential oil is from 0.8 % to 2.6 %, in leaves up to 0.3 %. The main components of the essential oil are linalool (10-30 %) in the free state and its esters with acetic, butyric, valerianic, caproic acids (30-60 %), as well as geraniol, citral, borneolen, bisabolene, α-pinene and others. Currently, the plant is used as an ornamental, as a spice in cooking, as well as for medicinal purposes. In traditional medicine, flowers, leaves and branches of lavender are used. In Bulgaria, lavender is used as a means of calming the nervous system, relaxing baths and for skin diseases. In Germany, ointments are made from lavender petals. In Austria, lavender leaves are collected before flowering and are used as soothing and anti-inflammatory drugs. In Poland, in combination with a pharmacy chamomile flower, the flowers of a lavender plant are used in the healing of a fresh voice and bronchial disease. In France, an infusion of lavender flowers is used as an urolithic substance. The object of the study is raw materials L.angustifolia of individual collection at the experimental site of the laboratory of medicinal plants of the Institute of Phyto-Introduction and Botany at the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan of Almaty. The technology for producing a biologically active complex from the plant species under study has been developed by varying the nature of the extractant, its ratio with raw materials, time and extraction ratio. The optimal condition for obtaining a biologically active complex from a plant is: extractant – 50 % ethyl alcohol, the ratio of extractant to raw material – 1: 9, the time of double extraction – 72 hours, temperature – 25 ºC. The fractional composition of the aerial mass of L.angustifolia, which is represented by water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions, was studied. The article presents for the first time the data of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the lipophilic components of the aerial mass of L.angustifolia, determined by gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Analyzes were carried out in a laboratory of chemistry of natural coefficients, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, the structure and quantitative content of 16 compounds were established in the aerial mass of the plant L.angustifolia. The identification of the components was carried out by analogy with the known mass spectra of the samples embedded in the computer data bank and relative retention times. Quantitative determination of the composition of the analyzed mixture was carried out by the method of normalization by peak areas. Keywords: Lavandula (L. angustifolia), GC-MS, extraction, BAS, aerial parts.

scholarly journals Method of Determining the Sum of Flavonoids in Tanacetum Vulgare Flowers

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Ю.Г. Соболева ◽  
И.Ю. Постраш ◽  
А.А. Прусакова
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tanacetum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Analytical Wavelength ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Active Substances

Одно из лекарственных растений, являющихся источником создания высокоэффективных лекарственных средств, – пижма обыкновенная. Цветочные корзинки пижмы содержат значительное количество флавоноидных соединений (лютеолин, апигенин, акацетин, кверцетин, цинарозид), эфирные масла, фенольные кислоты, дубильные вещества, горечи и др. Основными методами извлечения биологически активных веществ из лекарственного растительного сырья являются методы экстракции, которые приводят к накоплению необходимых биологически важных компонентов в определённом экстрагенте. В работе изучено влияние концентрации экстрагирующего вещества и времени экстракции на полноту извлечения суммы флавоноидов из цветков пижмы обыкновенной. В результате анализа определяли содержание суммы флавоноидов (в пересчёте на цинарозид) в экстрактах этанола различной концентрации. Установлено, что оптимальным экстрагентом является 70%-й этиловый спирт, а экстрагирование в течение 30 минут наиболее эффективно при соотношении сырьё/экстрагент 1:50. Считаем наиболее целесообразным использование в методике количественного анализа суммы флавоноидов дифференциальную спектрофотометрию и государственный стандартный образец (ГСО) цинарозида при длине аналитической волны 425 нм. One of the medicinal plants that are the source of the creation of highly effective drugs is Tanacetum vulgare. Anthodium of Tanacetum vulgare contains a significant amount of flavonoid compounds (luteolin, apigenin, acacetin, quercetin, cinaroside), essential oils, phenolic acids, tannins, bitterness, etc. The main methods for extracting biologically active substances from medicinal plant raw materials are extraction methods that lead to the accumulation of the necessary biologically important components in a certain extragent. In the paper the effect of the concentration of the extracting substance and the extraction time on the completeness of the extraction of the sum of flavonoids from the flowers of Tanacetum vulgare was studied. As a result of the analysis the content of the sum of flavonoids (in terms of cinaroside) in ethanol extracts of various concentrations was determined. It was found that the optimal extragent is 70%-ethyl alcohol, and extraction for 30 minutes is most effective at a raw material/extragent ratio of 1:50. We consider it most advisable to use differential spectrophotometry and a state standard sample (SSO) of cinaroside at an analytical wavelength of 425 nm in the method of quantitative analysis of the sum of flavonoids.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF ACCUMULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS L. PLANTS GROWN IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF CRIMEA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
O.A. Pekhova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Timasheva ◽  
I.L. Danilova ◽  
I.V. Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Hyssopus Officinalis

Hyssopus officinalis L. is a promising essential oil plant of complex use containing various types of biologically active substances (BAS). The purpose of the research was twofold: study the features of accumulation of various types of BAS in H. officinalis plants grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea; assess the possibility to use them in perfumery, cosmetics, food industry, pharmacy and medicine. The research was conducted in 2017–2019 in the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. The raw materials of H. officinalis (population with blue flowers) grown without irrigation served as the research material. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of raw materials and different types of BAS were determined according to generally accepted methods. Structural analysis of H. officinalis showed that the aboveground part of plants during the growing season had the following fractional composition: leaves (21.4–70.6 %), stems (18.8–30.9 %), inflorescences (22.0−59.1 %). The ratio of fractions by phases of vegetation varied, namely: in the phase of regrowth, leaves prevailed – 70.6 % but, at the end of the flowering, their content decreased to 21.4 %; the content of inflorescences reached its maximum in the phases of mass flowering and end of flowering 53.3–59.1 %. The main oil-synthesizing organs of H. officinalis were leaves and inflorescences. The highest yield amount of H. officinalis essential oil was obtained from inflorescences (1.94 %), which in the fractional composition of the raw material amounted to 53.3 %. The maximum amount of essential oil of specific quality accumulated in plants during the phase of mass flowering (1.26 % in terms of absolutely dry weight). The dominant components of essential oil are ketones: isopinocamphone and pinocamphone (75.9–78.6 %). A high level of phenolic compounds was determined in the phases of regrowth and flowering; extractive substances – in the budding phase; tannins – in the phase of mass flowering. During the storage of air-dry raw materials for two years, insignificant losses of essential oil occur (up to 20.2 %); its component composition changes (hydrocarbons amount decreased by 2.5–22.7 %; ketones – increased by 3.4–16.2 %). The content of other types of BAS during storage of raw materials increased by 10–30 %. Therefore, it is advisable to store air-dry raw materials of Hyssopus officinalis for two years or longer.

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