scholarly journals EFFEKTIFITAS KONSENTRASI ZAT PENGANTUR TUMBUH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK BATANG KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Yuningsih ◽  
Delfy Lensari ◽  
Alam Piande
Keyword(s):  
Calliandra Calothyrsus

Potensi sumber energi kita yang ada di negara Indonesia semakin hari semakin menipis yang disebabkan diambil secara terus menerus. Sumber energi yang berasal dari fosil ini jika kita ambil secara terus-menerus akan habis dan tidak bisa terbaharukan.  Oleh karena itu perlu adanya altarnatif sumber energi yang bisa diperbaharui, salah satunya energi yang bisa diperbaharui untuk menggantikan energi fosil, adalah biomasa kayu. Salah satu Kayu yang bisa di jadikan sumber energi yang bisa diperbaharui adalah kayu Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus). Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) merupakan jenis pohon teduhan yang dapat tumbuh di hutan gugur dan hijau sepanjang tahun. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pembiakan tanaman Kaliandra secara generatif adalah daya kecambah benih yang rendah yang diebabkan oleh benih Kaliandra memiliki sifat dormasi benih yang keras, dan kulit memiliki lapisan Lilin. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan dalam memenuhi kebutuan kayu Kaliandra dalam sumberdaya energi, maka diperlukan pembiakan tanaman secara vegetatif, salah satunya dengan stek batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektifitas keberhasilan pertumbuhan stek batang Kaliandra dengan menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh Rootone F. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan melakukan berbagai eksperimen perlakuan terhadap stek batang Kaliandra yaitu tidak diberi perlakuan   S0K Tanpa perlakuan (0 ppm) S1K Perlakuan mengunakan hormon Rootone-f dengan konsentrasi  (100 ppm), S2K Perlakuan mengunakan hormon Rootone-f dengan  konsentrasi  (200 ppm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah tunas dan jumlah daun yang sama disetiap perlakuan yaitu 1 tunas, Panjang tunas pada perlakuan hormon Rootone F dengan konsentrasi 100 (ppm), menghasilkan panjang  tunas terbesar 0,71 cm, persentasi hidup pada perlakuan hormon Rootone F dengan konsentrasi 100 (ppm) terbesar 6,67 %, dan Panjang akar stek Kaliandra pada perlakuan hormon Rootone F dengan konsentrasi 100 (ppm) menghasilkan terbesar 0,25 cm.

scholarly journals POTENSI KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus) DAN GAMAL (Gliricidia sp.) DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PELET KAYU

AGRIFOR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ahdiar Fikri Maulana ◽  
Singgih Utomo ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Ridla Arifriana ◽  
Norma Aji Candra Dewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calliandra Calothyrsus

Negara-negara di dunia, khususnya Eropa, Jepang, Korea Selatan dan China, mulai beralih ke penggunaan energi terbarukan yaitu pelet kayu. Indonesia dengan iklim tropis, keanekaragaman jenis tanaman dan ketersediaan lahan untuk pengembangan sumber energi ini, berpeluang menjadi salah satu produsen utama pelet kayu, baik untuk memenuhi permintaan nasional atau internasional. Daerah Istimewa (DI) Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki hutan rakyat dan berpeluang untuk dikembangkan sebagai produsen pelet kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi awal tentang jenis tanaman kayu potensial di DI Yogyakarta. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka dan survey kepada Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) di Kabupaten Bantul (22 KTH), Gunungkidul (15 KTH), Kulonprogo (15 KTH) dan Sleman (19 KTH). Cabang dan ranting kering merupakan sumber bahan bakar kayu utama bagi KTH di DI Yogyakarta, tanpa melihat jenis tanamannya. Jenis kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) dan gamal (Gliricidia sp.) sebagai jenis potensial untuk pelet kayu ditanam sebagai sumber hijauan makanan ternak, sumber nektar untuk peternakan lebah madu dan untuk konservasi tanah. Kedua jenis ini ditanam sebagai tanaman tepi di pinggir lahan, diantara tanaman pertanian dan atau tanaman berkayu, bukan sebagai tanaman utama. Jumlah yang ditanam sangat variatif berkisar antara 0 - 2000 pohon kaliandra/ha dan 0 - 3000 pohon gamal/ha. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diketahui bahwa jenis potensial untuk produksi pelet kayu, kaliandra dan gamal sudah ditanam di 4 kabupaten tersebut. Namun penanaman kedua jenis tersebut perlu dikembangkan agar dapat mendukung produksi pelet kayu.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potential and local forages nutrition as ruminant feed-in Payo Agro-Tourism Area, Solok City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
Adrizal ◽  
Roni Pazla ◽  
Riesi Sriagtula ◽  
Adrinal ◽  
Gusmini
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Ruminant Feed

Abstract This study aims to evaluate local forage’s potential and nutritional content in the Payo agro-tourism area of Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia, to be used as a ruminant feed. This study used a survey method by taking a sample of the forage that grows a lot in the area and then analyzed its nutritional content. The nutritional content analyzed were dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus minerals. At the same time, the TDN value and the extracted material without nitrogen were calculated based on the formula. The results showed that 12 types of forage have the potential as ruminant feed, namely Panicum maximum, Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium, Digitaria sp, Centrocema pubescens, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Bidens pilosa, Ipomea triloba, Micania Scandens, Asystasia gangetica, and corn straw. This study shows that Calliandra calothyrsus has the highest crude protein content, and Corn straw contains the lowest crude protein. The highest and lowest TDN values were Gliricidia sepium and Panicum maximum, respectively. Through the linear programming program, these 12 plants can be formulated into 4 ration formulations with 58% TDN and 15-16% crude protein.

Biochar application in Calliandra calothyrsus plantation management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Kosasih ◽  
Keng-Tung Wu ◽  
Herta Novalina Sipayung ◽  
Chien-Teh Chen
Keyword(s):  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Plantation Management

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Proteolytic Ruminal Bacteria from Sheep and Goats Fed the Tannin-Containing Shrub Legume Calliandra calothyrsus

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 3075-3083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. McSweeney ◽  
Brian Palmer ◽  
Rowan Bunch ◽  
Denis O. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Ruminal Bacteria ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
16S Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
High Specific Growth Rate

ABSTRACT Tannins in forages complex with protein and reduce the availability of nitrogen to ruminants. Ruminal bacteria that ferment protein or peptides in the presence of tannins may benefit digestion of these diets. Bacteria from the rumina of sheep and goats fed Calliandra calothyrsus (3.6% N and 6% condensed tannin) were isolated on proteinaceous agar medium overlaid with either condensed (calliandra tannin) or hydrolyzable (tannic acid) tannin. Fifteen genotypes were identified, based on 16S ribosomal DNA-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and all were proteolytic and fermented peptides to ammonia. Ten of the isolates grew to high optical density (OD) on carbohydrates (glucose, cellobiose, xylose, xylan, starch, and maltose), while the other isolates did not utilize or had low growth on these substrates. In pure culture, representative isolates were unable to ferment protein that was present in calliandra or had been complexed with tannin. One isolate, Lp1284, had high protease activity (80 U), a high specific growth rate (0.28), and a high rate of ammonia production (734 nmol/min/ml/OD unit) on Casamino Acids and Trypticase Peptone. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence showed that Lp1284 was related (97.6%) to Clostridium botulinum NCTC 7273. Purified plant protein and casein also supported growth of Lp1284 and were fermented to ammonia. This is the first report of a proteolytic, ammonia-hyperproducing bacterium from the rumen. In conclusion, a diverse group of proteolytic and peptidolytic bacteria were present in the rumen, but the isolates could not digest protein that was complexed with condensed tannin.

scholarly journals Biokimia Darah Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Betina Ovariektomi setelah Perlakuan Ekstrak Daun Kaliandra Merah (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Iriani Setyawati ◽  
Ngurah Intan Wiratmini ◽  
Ni Putu Ayu Dewi Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Red calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn.) leaf have the potential as phytoestrogens. In this study, adult female ovariectomized rats (as a model of menopause women) were given calliandra leaf extract containing estrogenic flavonoids. This study was an experimental design with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Forty-five ovariectomized female rats were divided into five groups i.e. untreated control (K), and the treatment group given 80% of C. calothyrsus ethanolic leaves extract doses 25 mg/ kg bw (P1), 50 mg/ kg bw (P2), 75 mg/ kg bw (P3) and 100 mg/ kg bw (P4). The test suspension was given once a day at 24-hour intervals by gavage as much as 0.5 ml/rat/day for two months. At the end of the treatments, blood was collected for blood biochemical tests including hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, blood glucose and proteins levels. The results showed that C. calothyrsus leaf extract did not negatively affect the health status of the animals through blood biochemical parameters, i.e. hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, and glucose and protein levels of ovariectomized female rats.

PEMANFAATAN DAUN KALIANDRA (Calliandra calothyrsus) SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN PADA PAKAN ITIK

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. LAKSMIWATI ◽  
N. W. SITI
Keyword(s):  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Ad Libitum

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat pemberian daun kaliandra sebagai sumber protein pada pakan itik. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yaitu pakan tanpa daun kaliandra (A = Kontrol ), pakan yang diberi 5% daun kaliandra (B), 10% (C) dan 15% daun kaliandra (D). Masing-masing perlakuan diulang lima kali dan setiap ulangan menggunakan delapan ekor itik Tegal dewasa. Ransum disusun isokalori (ME: 2800 kkal/kg) dan isoprotein(CP: 15%). Ransum dan air minum selama penelitian diberikan secara ad libitum. Variabel yang diamati adalah : konsumsi ransum, produksi telur (Duck Day Production), konversi ransum, bobot telur, warna kuning telur dan perkembangan organ reproduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 10 % daun kaliandra pada pakan (perlakuan B), belum berpengaruh terhadap prduksi telur harian (Duck Day Production), FCR dan perkembangan organ reproduksi(P>0,05) tetapi terhadap konsumsi ransum dan warna kuning telur sudah dipengaruhi ( P<0,05 ). Peningkatan pemberian sampai 15% (perlakuan C) nyata menurunkan produksi telur, perkembangan organ reproduksi, bobot telur dan efisiensi ransum, tetapi terhadap skor warna kuning telur meningkat (P<0,05), seiring dengan meningkatnya tingkat pemberian. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan daun kaliandra yang optimum pada pakan itik adalah 10% sebab diatas level tersebut menyebabkan produksi telur, bobot telur, perkembangan organ reproduksi menurun dan kurang efisien dalam penggunaan ransum.

scholarly journals Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Decomposition in Fecal Manure of Cattle Fed Browse/Maize Silages

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Habib Kato ◽  
Robert Mulebeke ◽  
Felix Budara Bareeba ◽  
Elly Nyambobo Sabiiti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial

<p>Soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) decomposition in fecal manure of cattle fed browses of Calliandra (<em>Calliandra calothyrsus</em>), Gliricidia (<em>Gliricidia sepium</em>) and Leucaena (<em>Leucaena leucocephala</em>) browse/maize silage mixtures and maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) silage alone when applied to the soil were investigated in a pot experiment in comparison to the corresponding silages fed. Maize silage alone had the lowest N and a larger C: N ratio, making it a poor quality compost when applied to the soil, but compared to the browse/maize silage mixtures it had the highest level of soluble N as non-protein nitrogen (NPN) which makes much of its N available for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C. Calliandra browse/maize silage mixture had the highest level of fiber-bound N (ADFN), which reduces N availability for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C in spite of its high N content and a narrower C: N ratio. Fecal manure from maize silage alone had a lower level of N and a wider C: N ratio than fecal manure from the other silages fed which would affect its decomposition in the soil, but it had the lowest level of ADFN and much of its N is made available for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C. Soil samples after 12 weeks of the experiment showed that Calliandra browse/maize silage mixture maintained the highest level of C in the soil, while maize silage alone maintained the lowest level. Also soils treated with fecal manure from the other browse/maize silage mixtures maintained higher levels of C than fecal manure from maize silage alone. Organic C levels were lowest at 8 weeks of the experiment for all treatments and rose to the original levels at 12 weeks which could have been as a result of biotic and hydrologic factors coupled with soil aggregation. Decomposition of organic N followed a similar trend as organic C. The two elements are linked in both plant inputs in the soil and in the eventual soil humic substances. The soils treated with browse/maize silage mixtures maintained C: N ratios that were similar to that of the control soil and higher than those of the fecal manure treatments. Thus, in spite of the added silage materials to the soil, rapid decomposition of organic C could not occur to reflect benefits of adding the silage materials to the soil. Thus, fecal manure, particularly from feeding animals on browse/forage diets is more beneficial in the soil as it would decompose more readily releasing the plant nutrients they contain.</p>

scholarly journals Effet de quelques légumineuses fourragères sur la reproduction, la croissance et la carcasse chez les cochons d’inde (Cavia porcellus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-612
Author(s):  
J. Gwladys Kontchiachou Nkana ◽  
Nathalie Ngouopo Mweugang ◽  
Soh Bah Germanus ◽  
Yam Alphonsius Semi ◽  
Paulette Ntsafack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Calliandra Calothyrsus ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Arachis Glabrata ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum

Malgré l’importance de la caviaculture en milieu rural, la maîtrise de l’alimentation des cochons d’inde reste encore un handicap à cet élevage. C’est ainsi qu’entre octobre 2018 et mars 2019, un essai a été mené à la Ferme d’Application et de Recherche (FAR) de l’Université de Dschang en vue d’évaluer l’effet de quelques légumineuses fourragères comme source de protéine dans la ration sur les performances de production du cochon d’Inde. Pour cet essai, 56 cochons d’Inde de 5 mois d’âge de race locale pesant en moyenne 450 ± 50 g nés à la FAR ont été utilisés. En effet, 48 femelles repartis en quatre lots ont été mises en croisement avec 2 mâles par lot pendant une période de 31 jours selon un dispositif factoriel. Les animaux de chaque lot recevaient la graminée ad libitum associé à 20 g/j/animal de l’aliment composé contenant ou non une légumineuse. Les résultats montrent que les tailles de la portée sont restées comparables entre les traitements. Les taux de mortalité pré et post-sevrage (15,38% et 9,10%) ainsi que le poids des cochonnets à 8 semaines les plus élevés ont été enregistrés avec la ration contenant Arachis glabrata. A la naissance et au sevrage, le poids moyen le plus élevé des cochonnets a été obtenu avec la ration contenant Desmodium intortum. Les gains de poids des cochonnets sont restés comparables entre les traitements. Les rations contenant les légumineuses ont donné des rendements carcasses, le poids du foie et celui du cæcum significativement plus élevé. Compte tenu du coût de production, les légumineuses de cette étude peuvent être utilisées comme des sources de protéine de choix pour l'amélioration des performances de production des cobayes en milieu paysan.Mots clés : Arachis glabrata, Calliandra calothyrsus, Desmodium intortum, Panicum maximum, Performances de production.   Enlgish Title: Effect of some legumes forages on reproduction, growth and carcass of Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus L.)Despite the importance of caviaculture in rural landscape, cavie’s feeding remains a handicap for this breeding. Thus, between October 2018 and March 2019, experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Experimental Farm of University of Dschang on the evaluation of some leguminaceous plants as protein source in the diet on production performances of Guinea pig. A total of 56 adults Guinea pigs of about 5 months and 450 ± 50 g were used for the experiments. Females were first put in breeding with 8 males for a period of 31 days and then organized in a completely randomized design of four groups of 12 females each. Each group received Panicum maximum ad libitum and 20 g DM/day/animal of a diet corresponding to the group. Mains results of this study showed that no significant difference (P > 0.05) has been noticed for mean litter size. Total mortality rate was 8.33 for diet containing Calliandra calothyrsus. No mortality was registered for others groups. High pre-weaning and post-weaning mortality (15.38 and 9.10%) was obtained with treatment based on Arachis glabrata. From birth to 8th week of age, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed between average live weights. Total and daily weight gains remain comparable (P > 0.05) in weaning and in post-weaning whatever the diet. Results for carcass evaluation showed that diet containing these plants as sources of protein has permitted to obtain the highest values. The same result was observed with the liver weight and cæcum. Considering the low production cost, legumes plants appear to be good protein sources for the improvement of production performances of the guinea pigs in small farmer environment. Keywords : Arachis glabrata, Calliandra calothyrsus, Desmodium intortum, Panicum maximum, production performances.

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