scholarly journals Alternative Fuel Vehicles Today and Their Impacts in the Transportation industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul M. Miraz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Alternative Fuel Vehicles ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Fuel Costs

Canadians are concerned about their environment around them, global warming and also related issues regarding this aspect. But on the other hand many donʼt realize that the cars and trucks that they drive are a major source of these problems, and that there are alternative choices of transportation that they can make out there. Majority of us drive or ride in vehicles that are powered by petroleum based fossil fuels i.e. gasoline or diesel. But some people, however, are choosing to drive vehicles that run on smaller amounts of fuel, and/or partially or completely on fuels other than diesel or gasoline. These types of advanced and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) help reduce our dependence on foreign oil imports, save us money on fuel costs, and improve our air quality. Alternative fuels nowadays have received some attention as a potential option to curtail the carbon dioxide emissions form vehicles. My project report discusses the feasibility and desirability of the use of alternative fuels as a strategy to mitigate automotive carbon dioxide emissions. For example what types of impact are we to expect in the transportation industry due to alternative fuel vehicles and are they economically feasible to consumers? And what type of long-term benefits do they offer? And if a person is willing to know more about these alternative fuel vehicles that are out in the market, where should they go for more information? It is a type of a summary of all the aspects about alternative fuel vehicles and their pros and cons.

scholarly journals Alternative Fuel Vehicles Today and Their Impacts in the Transportation industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul M. Miraz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Alternative Fuel Vehicles ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Fuel Costs

Canadians are concerned about their environment around them, global warming and also related issues regarding this aspect. But on the other hand many donʼt realize that the cars and trucks that they drive are a major source of these problems, and that there are alternative choices of transportation that they can make out there. Majority of us drive or ride in vehicles that are powered by petroleum based fossil fuels i.e. gasoline or diesel. But some people, however, are choosing to drive vehicles that run on smaller amounts of fuel, and/or partially or completely on fuels other than diesel or gasoline. These types of advanced and alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) help reduce our dependence on foreign oil imports, save us money on fuel costs, and improve our air quality. Alternative fuels nowadays have received some attention as a potential option to curtail the carbon dioxide emissions form vehicles. My project report discusses the feasibility and desirability of the use of alternative fuels as a strategy to mitigate automotive carbon dioxide emissions. For example what types of impact are we to expect in the transportation industry due to alternative fuel vehicles and are they economically feasible to consumers? And what type of long-term benefits do they offer? And if a person is willing to know more about these alternative fuel vehicles that are out in the market, where should they go for more information? It is a type of a summary of all the aspects about alternative fuel vehicles and their pros and cons.

scholarly journals Local Green Power Supply Plants Based on Alcohol Regenerative Gas Turbines: Economic and Environmental Aspects

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Cherednichenko ◽  
Valerii Havrysh ◽  
Vyacheslav Shebanin ◽  
Antonina Kalinichenko ◽  
Grzegorz Mentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Performance

Growing economies need green and renewable energy. Their financial development can reduce energy consumption (through energy-efficient technologies) and replace fossil fuels with renewable ones. Gas turbine engines are widely used in transport and industry. To improve their economic attractiveness and to reduce harmful emissions, including greenhouse gases, alternative fuels and waste heat recovery technologies can be used. A promising direction is the use of alcohol and thermo-chemical recuperation. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions of an alcohol-fueled regenerative gas turbine engine with thermo-chemical recuperation. The carbon dioxide emissions have been determined using engine efficiency, fuel properties, as well as life cycle analysis. The engine efficiency was maximized by varying the water/alcohol ratio. To evaluate steam fuel reforming for a certain engine, a conversion performance factor has been suggested. At the optimal water/methanol ratio of 3.075 this technology can increase efficiency by 4% and reduce tank-to-wake emission by 80%. In the last 6 months of 2019, methanol prices were promising for power and cogeneration plants in remote locations. The policy recommendation is that local authorities should pay attention to alcohol fuel and advanced turbines to curb the adverse effects of burning petroleum fuel on economic growth and the environment.

Long-term ocean oxygen depletion in response to carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Shaffer ◽  
Steffen Malskær Olsen ◽  
Jens Olaf Pepke Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oxygen Depletion

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESMENT OUTFLOWS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: HIDDEN COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS FOR TURKEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Ahmet Emrah TAYYAR
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Cointegration Relationship

The relationship between foreign direct investment, which is a type of cross-border and long-term investment, and environmental quality is a current issue that is heavily debated. Foreign direct invesments can ensure economic growth and development of countries, while also causing a change in environmental quality. In the research conducted, it is seen that changes in carbon dioxide emissions with foreign direct capital inflows are mainly investigated from the point of view of the host countries. However, foreign direct invesment outflows may have an impact on the environmental quality of the home country. Because foreign direct invesment outflows can enable the transfer of more environmentally friendly techonogies to the country and strengthen management skills. The impact of foreign direct investment outflows on the home country's environmental pollution is shaped by many factors (scale, technique, and composition effects). In addition to these effects, it is necessary to pay attention to the regional and sectoral distribution of capital outflows. The main aim of this study is to examine the links between Turkey's foreign direct invesment outflows and carbon dioxide emissions for the period 1990-2018. For this reason, a unit root test was applied to variables whose natural logarithm was taken. Tests showed that all series are stable of the same degree. Engle&Granger(1987) and Granger&Yoon(2002) tests were used to determine the cointegration relationship between variables. The crouching error correction model(CECM) was applied to determine the causality relationship. According to the results of the analysis; i) In terms of the Engle&Granger(1987) test, there was no long-term relationship between variables. ii) According to the Granger&Yoon(2002) test, it was determined that there is a bidirectional hidden cointegration relationship between the positive shocks of carbon dioxide emissions and negative shocks of foreign direct invesment outflows. iii) There is a bidirectional asymmetric causality relationship between the positive shocks of carbon dioxide emissions and the negative shocks of foreign direct invesment outflows. iv) It is observed that 1% negative shocks in foreign direct invesment outflows reduce positive shocks in carbon dioxide emissions by 0,26%. As a result, since negative situations in foreign direct invesment outflows have an effect on improving the quality of the environment, the environmental dimension should be taken into account in the policies to be made.

Electricity production and its effects on carbon dioxide emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: إنتاج الكهرباء وآثاره في انبعاثات ثاني أكسيد الكربون في المملكة العربية السعودية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-108
Author(s):  
Zakiah Radhi Alhajji, Mohamed Elsayed Hafez Ali Zakiah Radhi Alhajji, Mohamed Elsayed Hafez Ali
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

Because of increased demand for electrical energy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which has resulted in an increase in carbon dioxide emissions, the electricity system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest in the Gulf region and the Arab world, with approximately 61.7 gigatons (GW) of peak demand and 89.2 gigatons (GW) of available capacity in 2018 of electricity power. It has grown rapidly over more than 20 years and has almost doubled in size since 2000. Where we observe that the total carbon dioxide emissions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2020; where shows rapid growth in emissions of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases, as it was found that CO2 emissions in 1990 amounted to 151 million metric tons compared to 2011 when it reached about 435 million metric tons, and the increase continued until 2020 when it reached about 530 million metric tons. The comprehensive study relied on time series analysis to carefully analyze the electric energy productivity rate from fossil fuels and the significant amount of carbon dioxide emissions typically resulting from promptly burning fossil fuels to naturally produce electric energy. Therefore, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, through Vision 2030 and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, looks to reduce the rate of carbon dioxide emissions in the field of electric power generation by diversifying the fuels used or replacing them with clean and renewable energy such as solar and wind energy.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Reduce the Emission of Spark-Ignition Engine with Mixtures of Bioethanol and Gasoline as Substitute Fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gis ◽  
Maciej Gis ◽  
Piotr Wiśniowski ◽  
Mateusz Bednarski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Limiting emissions of harmful substances is a key task for vehicle manufacturers. Excessive emissions have a negative impact not only on the environment, but also on human life. A significant problem is the emission of nitrogen oxides as well as solid particles, in particular those up to a diameter of 2.5 microns. Carbon dioxide emissions are also a problem. Therefore, work is underway on the use of alternative fuels to power the vehicle engines. The importance of alternative fuels applies to spark ignition engines. The authors of the article have done simulation tests of the Renault K4M 1.6 16v traction engine for emissions for fuels with a volumetric concentration of bioethanol from 10 to 85 percent. The analysis was carried out for mixtures as substitute fuels – without doing any structural changes in the engine's crankshafts. Emission of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, oxygen at full throttle for selected rotational speeds as well as selected engine performance parameters such as maximum power, torque, hourly and unit fuel consumption were determined. On the basis of the simulation tests performed, the reasonableness of using the tested alternative fuels was determined on the example of the drive unit without affecting its constructions, in terms of e.g. issue. Maximum power, torque, and fuel consumption have also been examined and compared. Thus, the impact of alternative fuels will be determined not only in terms of emissions, but also in terms of impact on the parameters of the power unit.

scholarly journals Emission estimates and air quality impacts from the use of alternative fuels by the Titan cement factory in Thessaloniki

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Fuel Substitution ◽  
The Impact

Cement production is an energy-intensive process. Utilisation of fossil fuels is common practice in the cement industry around the world. Alternative fuel substitution rates increase every year. More specifically, 18 % of the fuel used by the European cement industry in 2006 consists of alternative fuels. This study aims to investigate the prospects for the partial replacement of conventional fossil fuels currently used in the TITAN cement factory in Thessaloniki, Greece, with alternative fuels, focusing on the impact of alternative fuel use on the emissions of air pollutants from co-incineration operations. Air emissions were estimated for both the conventional fuel and mixtures of conventional fuel with alternative fuels, based on emission factors found in the literature but also using the measurements conducted by TITAN in 2010. Emission estimates indicate that legislative limit values for all pollutants are not exceeded. Based on the emission estimates and measurements in the flue gas, the dispersion of the plume around the factory has been described with an appropriate numerical simulation model. Results suggest that the factory’s contribution to the air pollution levels in the surrounding area is very low for most regulated pollutants.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into The Cmparability Of Common Jet Engine Materials With Next Generation Biofuels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Aircraft Fuel ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
American Society

Growing concerns regarding the environmental impact of burning fossil fuels and energy independence has spurned the transportation industry into developing a more eco-friendly and sustainable way to travel. The most promising frontier in this endeavor is the development of alternative fuels that will significantly reduce the carbon footprint of our current engines with little or no modifications required. The effect that one of these frontier fuels may have, camelina based biofuel, on various fuel system materials was evaluated in this report in accordance with ASTM D4054 in the form of a 50:50 mixture. The materials went through an immersion process at varying temperatures and tested under the numerous standards outlined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The results were compared to a benchmark Jet A1 fuel since the effects of this fuel on current fuel system materials is extensively known. The purpose of this research is to determine the viability of using a 50:50 biofuel mixture in current aircraft fuel systems by evaluating the physical properties after being fuel treated. The results showed that the biofuel mixture affected the non-metallic materials in varying degrees, while not affecting the metallic materials.

Global Effects of Atmospheric Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Element Carbon ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Long Time

The element carbon Carbon dioxide emissions are increasing primarily as a result of people's use of fossil fuels for electricity. Coal and oil are fossil fuels that contain carbon that plants removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis over millions of years; and in just a few hundred years we've returned carbon to the atmosphere. The element carbon Carbon dioxide concentrations rise primarily as a result of the burning of fossil fuels and Freon for electricity. Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas produce carbon plants that were photosynthesized from the atmosphere over many years, since in just two centuries, carbon was returned to the atmosphere. Climate alter could be a noteworthy time variety in weather designs happening over periods ranging from decades to millions of a long time. The permanent change in climatic conditions, or in the time period of long-term natural conditions, indicates irregularity in climatic conditions. Discuss toxins are pollutants that have an adverse impact on the ecosystem through interferometry's with the climatic environment, plant physiology, creature organisms, complete biological systems and human property in the form of agricultural or human crops. We list the best climate to represent the fact that global climate change has been identified as one of the major environmental problems facing humanity in the 21st century. In this context, the list of "classic" poisons must be included alongside substances such as oxides of nitrogen or sulfide. Certain environment limiting agents – the most crucial of them being carbon dioxide – which otherwise do not damage life formations. On the other hand, climate research has linked some compounds that have long been known to discuss toxin (occasionally dark CO2) with the warming of the climate.

scholarly journals Simplified Method for Defining 2-Dimensional Design Failure Curve of Marine Silty Sand under Dynamic Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Su-Won Son ◽  
Jong-Chan Yoon ◽  
Jin-Man Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Failure Curve ◽  
Drawing Technique

Global warming is becoming worse owing to carbon dioxide emissions around the world, and eco-friendly energy for reducing carbon dioxide emissions is gaining importance. Wind power plants are the most representative of the environmentally friendly energy power plants built in the ocean. The fatigue loading and long-term dynamic behavior of offshore soils are important considerations in the construction of structures such as wind turbines in the ocean as they are subject to long-term loads such as wind and wave loads. A design graph presents the short- and long-term behaviors of soil. Several laboratory tests are typically conducted to create design graphs. In this study, a cyclic simple shear test conducted at various confining pressures and relative densities is presented in design graphs. The authors analyzed the sensitivity of the relative density and the confining pressure, and proposed a drawing technique to easily create two-dimensional design graphs. The authors found that the effect of the relative density on the design failure curve was higher compared with that of the confining pressure. The elliptic equation graph achieved the best match to the design failure curve, and the design failure curve drawing technique was summarized in five stages. In addition, the normalized cyclic stress ratio graph to distinguish safety or failure was presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document