scholarly journals The State Regulation of the Economy as an Element of External Influence on the Economic Development of Agro-Industrial Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (515) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
K. B. Kozak ◽  

The article is devoted to the study of national features of realization of the State potentials in influence on economic development of subjects of agro-industrial production. The analysis is based on the decomposition of the mechanism of influence by such elements as object, subject, goals, tools. The object is represented by agro-industrial production in the multi-complexity of its structure. The subjective component of the external influence on the enterprises of the agro-industrial production system is analyzed on the basis of a detailed identification of the spheres that are not amenable to direct control by the object. The result of the decomposition was the selection of the following levels of systemic impact on the business environment: mesoeconomic, macroeconomic, supranational. The macroeconomic level of regulation/management is subjectified to the levels of governance in the system of public administration bodies. Target determination is disclosed on the basis of program documents of various levels and areas of application. The instrumental content of the State activity is studied, which is represented by a set of tools of direct impact (legislative and regulatory framework, implementation of the State programs and investment projects, tariff restrictions, non-tariff restrictions) and indirect impact (monetary, financial, and social policy; financial assistance). The role of the tax mechanism in regulating the activity of the agro-industrial sector is determined. Expenditures of the State budget to support the agro-industrial complex in 2020 have been studied. The mechanism of public procurement and instruments of social policy are considered. Attention is paid to lobbying as an institutional phenomenon, which is an exception to the principle of the impossibility of direct influence by individual actors in the structure of agro-industrial production on decision-making by management entities at the macroeconomic level. The positive and negative features of lobbying are considered. At the same time, the dialectical essence of lobbying is revealed in the perspective of the relationship of goals - the synchronicity and mismatch of individual interests of the microeconomic level with the social needs of the macroeconomic level.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Mihasiuk ◽  
◽  
Bohdanna Kosovych ◽  

The article investigates the possibilities of using the means of state regulation of the economy in modern Ukraine in the conditions of crisis phenomena and challenges. Among the most negative threats to the domestic economy are military aggression by Russia, the prevailing depressive business climate in the society, high levels of shadowing and corrupt schemes in economic activity, critical external debt, excessive scale and rate of loss of human capital, inconsistency of public administration and society's expectations, and in addition, the global pandemic COVID-19. The need to strengthen state influence on the domestic economy up to the use of certain elements of economic dictatorship has been clarified. The necessity of an economic dictatorship in Ukraine, i.e. the imposition of a state of economic emergency, is caused by a too long and devastating crisis that covers all spheres of society – economic, social and political and can lead to social upheaval. In the transition period, it would allow in a relatively short time to improve the structure of national production, which would contribute to its competitiveness, economic growth. After all, economic methods of state regulation and the use of market mechanisms aimed at changing the structure of production will give results only after a long period and will be accompanied by further growth of unemployment and declining economic indicators. The main tools of state influence on economic processes have been identified, namely: development of anti-crisis measures; strengthening the country's defense capabilities through the development of the military-industrial complex; forecasting and planning of economic development; control and influence on financial markets; fight against shadowing, corruption, negatives of oligarchization; control over foreign economic activity; guaranteeing the interests of external and internal investors; investing in the economy; development of various forms of public-private partnership; promoting the economic development of the regions of Ukraine. Emphasis has been placed on the positive role of centralized state regulation of the Ukrainian economy in the face of threats and challenges for the formation of civilized market relations. Tight economic policy of the state will allow directing the activities of all business structures in the legal field in order to form a real market. Only the state is able to unite the efforts of all branches of the state governance in order to develop and implement a new economic policy aimed at forming a market economy in the interests of society as a whole.


2021 ◽  
pp. 265-278
Author(s):  
Maksim Nazarenko

The article considers the industry estimates of the USSR of the late socialist period contained in the works of foreign economists. Particular attention is paid to the sovietological interpretations of the state of the USSR industrial sector as well as the economic policy of Soviet leadership in generating growth of industrial production, development of the Eastern regions of the country, innovation and modernization of fixed assets. The author concludes that the studies conducted by foreign scientists make it possible to clarify the assessment of the industrial sector of the Soviet Union before Perestroika and to adjust the estimates of economic development of the USSR of the “Brezhnev Era”.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1674-1697
Author(s):  
O.P. Smirnova ◽  
A.O. Ponomareva

Subject. The article focuses on contemporary trends in the industrial and socio-economic development of Russia during the technological transformation of its sectors. Objectives. The study is an attempt to analyze what opportunities and difficulties may arise for the development of the industrial sectors in Russia. We also examine the dynamics of key development indicators of the industrial sectors, point out inhibitors of their competitiveness. Methods. The methodological framework comprises general methods of systems, structural-functional and comprehensive approaches to analyzing economic phenomena. We applied graphic, economic-statistical methods of research, conventional methods of grouping, comparison and generalization, and the logic, systems and statistical analysis. Results. We display how industrial sectors develop over time by type of economic activities. The article provides the rationale for structural rearrangements and further innovation-driven development of the industries. We display that the Russian industries technologically depend om imported production technologies. We substantiate the renewal of assets and technologies at industrial enterprises, and retain and develop human capital. Conclusions and Relevance. Primarily, the Russian economy should be digitalized as a source of the long-term economic growth. Notably, industrial enterprises should replace their linear production method with that of the circular economy and implement resource-saving innovative technologies. The State evidently acts as the leading driver of technological retrofitting of the industrial sector. If the State holds the reasonable and appropriate industrial policy at the federal and regional levels and configure its tools to ensure the modern approach to developing the industries in a competitive fashion, the industrial complex will successfully transform into the innovative economy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
N. P. Molchanova

The paper deals with the methodology and practice of the state regulation of the regional economy based on the legislative framework and works of Russian scientists in the historical context with account for the specifics of the current period of market transformation. The subject of research is organizational and economic relations, aimed at improving the management efficiency of regional socio-economic development. The purpose of research was to identify the key problems of the regional economy regulation preventing the balanced functioning of administrative-territorial entities and substantiate the need to boost measures of state support. Based on the dialectical cognition method and the system approach, the positions of leading scientists and scientific schools on topical issues of the regional economy as a scientific discipline were analyzed, which made it possible to identify the main reasons hampering socio-economic transformations and justify measures for running a more active regional policy. It is concluded that consistent improvement of methodological and organizational approaches creates prerequisites for improving the results of the socio-economic development at the regional level; however, in the current situation of the macroeconomic instability serious problems may arise to be resolved primarily by the state regulation.


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Наталья Новикова ◽  
Natalya Novikova ◽  
Ирина Мухоморова ◽  
Irina Mukhomorova

Modernization in Russia is objectively dictated by the tightening of global competition between countries and the need for structural optimization of the domestic economy. In today´s environment the results of the modernization of the Russian economy influence directly on the welfare of the country in the future, elimination of the technological gap, improving efficiency in all sectors of the economy and professional fields. The process of modernization is aimed at solving a minimum of three tasks: to ensure structural balance of the national economy; technological innovation; the formation of an innovative model of economic development. Formation of such a model of the economy implies an increase in the economy of knowledge-intensive and high-tech industries. With two possible and mutually exclusive approaches to the state economy modernization and technological development, autocratic and democratic, the latter is the most effective, since upgrading cannot be achieved without direct participation of business, civil society and individual citizens with a high level of competence of the government. Federal authorities at the same time play the role of a facilitator, providing legal, organizational and financial support, and as well as a system of processes. Economic modernization and technological development will require training of skilled human capital, which may be provided by the proper functioning of the system of education in Russia. Development of education should be coordinated with social and economic development, and activities of educational institutions should be integrated into innovation processes at the national and regional levels. High importance in solving these problems is given to the development of mechanisms of interaction of educational institutions with the business environment, general public and to changing the format of relations with the state education authorities.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4(69)) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
O.O. KARPENKO ◽  
L. A. TURENKO ◽  
H. U. KARPENKO

Topicality. The dominance in the national economy of resource-intensive multifield technologies and the lack of a sound public policy governing the formation, accumulation, storage, recycling, disposal and disposal of waste has led to a critical situation characterized by the further development of environmental threats. The slow pace of adoption and implementation of legal norms regarding the introduction of innovative technologies by types of economic activity, the inefficient use of the nature of resource potential and the unpreparedness of the business environment to intensify the introduction of the innovative model of the "green" economy lead to deepening the ecological crisis and aggravation of the socio-economic situation in society. After all, the high level of waste generation and low rates of their use as secondary raw materials have led to the fact that in Ukraine, in the industrial and municipal sector, significant volumes of solid waste accumulate each year, of which only a small part is used as secondary material resources, the rest fall into landfills. This fact determines the need for reform and development, taking into account global experience of the entire legal and economic system that regulates the use of natural resources, since the difference in the situation in Ukraine, as compared with other developed countries, lies in large volumes of waste generation and lack of infrastructure for handling them. . The "green" economy is an inalienable and effective tool for activities in all areas of life, namely in the areas of transport, agriculture, waste management and energy. This is not only an opportunity but a compulsory development path for all countries and states, including the EU member states..Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the instrumental principles of regulation and to ensure the economic development of the process of environmentalization of the national model of the "green" economy. In order to achieve this goal, the study of the genesis of theoretical concepts concerning the ecologization of the development of the national model of the green economy, the determination of normative and legal instruments for enhancing the establishment of the principles of cleaner production and the substantiation of the scientific provisions regarding the development of the organizational and economic scenario for the development of the national green economy model are presented.Research results. The institutional principles of ecologization of the development of the national model of the "green" economy are considered. It is determined that further economic growth depends on the formation of an effective innovation policy of the state, based on the latest scientific and technological achievements and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies; ensuring the transfer of scientific research into resource-saving, knowledge-intensive, small and non-waste technologies, competitive goods and services, and activating processes for the formation of an ecologically oriented business environment in accordance with the global challenges of world development. It is substantiated that at the present stage it is important to ensure maximum full realization of the economic potential of regions in the strategy of formation of high-performance ecological-economic system, which is possible only at the expense of the implementation of the course of the "green" economy. The directions and priorities of development of secondary resource use are determined, taking into account both modern real possibilities and long-term economic, social and environmental interests of society; wide introduction of public-private partnership, cooperation and cooperation in central and local executive authorities, local self-government bodies; scientific, technological and methodical provision of waste management on an innovative basis; a significant increase in the role of regions and civil society in the reform of waste management; provision of financing and implementation of certain measures to further improve the management of waste management on a traditional basis. Three groups of tools have been formulated to promote resource-efficient low carbon economic development, as well as to monitor the transition process: imperative, economic and dispositive tools.Conclusions. It is substantiated that the institutional mechanisms of institutionalization of the process of environmentalization of the Ukrainian national green economy model can be considered: the dynamics of institutional and legislative and regulatory reforms in Ukraine regarding the implementation of the green economy model in the state policy mechanism, the development of state and regional governance institutions, the transformation of social relations and modification of administrative management with saturation of its ecological dominant and development of measures for priority determination their segments of environmentalization of national development. It is determined that the concept of the development of the "green" economy should determine the economic component that cements the growth of economic potential in the sectoral section of the state, the social component that serves as the basis for improving the life support system of Ukraine and the ecological component that forms the basis for implementing an environmentally sound policy of the state. The said confirms the urgency and importance of the institutional provision to enhance the process of environmentalization of the Ukrainian national green economy model, which should include the main legislative regulations of the state environmental policy and the international tendencies of ecologization of social development on the basis of the "green" economy.


Author(s):  
Оlena Golovnya ◽  
Iryna Kinash

The background of the development of the model of economic development of Ukraine in the context of social orientation has been analyzed taking into account the interdependent influence of the mechanism of market relations and economic policy of the state. It is researched that the economic mechanism of socially oriented market economy contains organizational structure of production (vertical and horizontal), specific forms of functioning of economic system (state and non-state regulation of the market), as well as a specific institutional base (including its legislative component). The constituents of the economic system are entities formed by large economic entities (eg financial corporations). The authors argue that the economic mechanism of a socially oriented national economy is a complex structure and system of interconnections and includes: a) a system of balanced markets; b) public sector of economy; c) large economic structures that fulfill the regulatory role of the state for the economy as a whole and at the same time increase the market sensitivity to medium and long-term programs of its development; d) public sector administrative and production subsystem; e) system of operative state regulation of economy; e) a budget-balancing system with a powerful core; g) regulatory framework governing mid-market processes. The study states that Ukraine, in rather difficult conditions, produces the parameters of its own national model of socio-economic development for the long term. The country has not yet formulated or implemented an effective model of economic development that would fully reflect its national characteristics and interests and become a macroeconomic basis for effective state regulation It is determined that in the conditions of construction of a new model of the national economy the role of non-governmental and charitable organizations is increasing. The role of non-governmental organizations, which represent one of the most optimal legal forms to assist citizens in solving their common problems, upholding common interests, is a compulsory attribute of the model of socially oriented national economy.


The article is devoted to the model of modernization of agricultural enterprises on the basis of innovation providing. The level of innovative development of domestic agro-industrial enterprises is analyzed and the main problems that put backthe introduction of innovations in the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine under the current conditions are determined; the introduction of such a model of innovation development, which provided a balance between the modernization of production and the introduction of the results of scientific research, new products and production technologies is proposed; the vector of innovative development in the agricultural sector of Ukraine is investigated and the main trends in the development and implementation of innovations in the activities of enterprises engaged in agricultural production is identified; the model of modernization of domestic agroindustrial enterprises on the basis of innovation provision is developed, which is a set of intellectual (agrarian science), industrial (business environment of agroindustrial complex) and consumer (innovative products, innovative technology, innovation process) areas of innovation activity. The transition between these areas of the model of innovation provisioning is carried out with the help of progressive innovation (it helps ensure the interaction of the business environment of the agro-industrial complex with the scientific environment), innovation consulting (guarantees information and advice on innovative products and facilitates communication with business structures) and innovation-venture business (the main task is to promote the development of developed innovative products), a set of measures that must precede the implementation of the proposed model under the current conditions is defined. The role of the state in the process of innovation in agro-industrial enterprises at all three stages of the implementation of the innovation process, from the origin of the idea to the commercialization of innovation is defined. In particular, the functions assigned to the state are allocated for ensuring efficient financing of innovative activity of the agro-industrial complex.


2018 ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoryana LOBODINA

Introduction. The need to neutralize the threats to Ukraine's national security requires review of the priorities of public administration. Given the leading role of the budget as the imperative dominant of the system of state regulation of socio-economic development, the use of which is linked to the practical application of the budget mechanism of the socio-economic development of the state, the feasibility of modernizing the said mechanism is beyond doubt. The above circumstances determine the indisputable relevance of the study of the architecture of the budget mechanism and the search for ways to improve its structure, the integration of financial methods, forms, tools and instruments. Purposes. The purpose of the article is to formulate its own scientific approach to the structuring of the budget mechanism of the socio-economic development of the state, the characteristics of its elements and the relationship between them. Results.The result of the study proved that the optimal combination of elements of the budget mechanism allows the state to effectively influence the socio-economic processes, ensuring the functioning and development of the national economy, affordable and quality public services to the population, solving social problems and others. So in terms of transformation of budgetary relations and orientation of public finance to economic growth and improving public welfare scientific approaches to structuring the budget mechanism require revisionand clarification. Conclusion. Taking into account the directions of budget resources movement, the budget mechanism of the socio-economic development of the state proposes to distinguish two main subsystems: the mechanism of budget funds formation and the mechanism of using budget funds. In each of the subsystems, financial methods, forms, tools, levers are distinguished and characterized in the context of providing the architectural budget mechanism.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Yuliia Shevchenko

The purpose of the paper is an in-depth study of the innovative transformation of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of unpredictability, the need to spread and introduce new technologies that help reduce the effects of any crisis. Methodology. The rationale for choosing the agricultural sector corporation survey is based on the use of market capitalization and share price statistics over the past ten years, which clearly demonstrate the stable, moderate economic development of the corporate system. The study of innovative projects allows to demonstrate the state of the innovation sector within corporations of agriculture and food industry. The results of the paper are to emphasize the importance of maintaining the technologically advanced sector of agriculture, which will reduce the financial, fixed and variable costs of the enterprise. Cooperation between corporations, research institutes and non-profit organizations in the field of innovation will be able to improve the economic development of the host countries and start a new stage in the functioning of TNCs in the field of agro-industrial complex. Although TNCs in the food industry have a low market capitalization compared to the technological sector of the economy, they are the basis of one of the components of sustainable development, namely the environmental component. Limited resources encourage their rational use and careful treatment. Practical implications. Demonstration of successfully implemented innovation projects in the future will stimulate the management staff of any enterprise, regardless of ownership, to the rational use of own resources and sustainable development. The market capitalization of TNCs in the agro-industrial sector proves that obtaining permanent profits can reduce the impact of economic, environmental and social crises. Crisis waves and peaks will be smoothed out. Value/originality. Solving the problem of overcoming the consequences of unpredictability through innovative projects emphasizes the importance of a deeper and more thorough study of vivid and real examples of the introduction of innovative products by well-known transnational corporations. The agro-industrial sector depends on the available technologies, as the preservation of natural resources, public health and food safety are the main areas of existence of this sector of the economy.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document