scholarly journals The Magnetic and Structural Properties of the Alloys of Iron Produced by Mechanical Alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Second Step ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Magnetic Systems ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Magnetically Hard ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Complete Formation

In this study, nanostructured powders, (Fe65Co35) 100-x Crx with (x=0, 10), were synthesized by a high-energy mechanical grinding process, usually used to obtain soft magnetic systems. For this purpose, the metal elements Fe, Co and Cr, of respective purities 99.9, 99.8 and 99.5% and of average size less than one hundred microns, were milled at different times, ranging from 1 hour to 36 hours. In a second step, the nanopowders obtained were characterized by several techniques, namely X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The analysis of the results obtained showed the complete formation of the (Fe65Co35) and (Fe65Co35) 90Cr10 phases from 12 hours of grinding. For (Fe65Co35), the remnant field Br and the saturation magnetization Ms have similar evolutions namely, a decrease between 8h and 24h, followed by an increase until the end of the grinding. In addition, the high values of Br and Hc suggest that this system is magnetically hard. The presence of chrome in the ternary (Fe65Co35) 90Cr10 amplifies the maximum value of Hc, while maintaining a similar behavior.

scholarly journals Study of The Influence of Chromium on A Cobalt Iron Alloy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
smain mebrek ◽  
mourad zergoug ◽  
nacereddine haine
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Second Step ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Cobalt Iron ◽  
Micro Deformation ◽  
Grinding Time ◽  
Electrical Study

Abstract The present work comes within the framework of research of new materials, with improved properties, which could be an important key for innovative applications. For this purpose, two types of alloys, a binary (Fe, Co) and a ternary (Fe, Co, Cr), were first synthesized by mechanical grinding at high energy, varying the grinding time. In a second step, all the samples were subjected to various characterizations, a structural study (X-ray diffraction), a morphological study (scanning electron microscopy "SEM"), a magnetic characterization (the "VSM" vibrating sample magnetometer And finally, an electrical study (eddy currents). Numerous and valuable information was then deduced to know the variations in the average lens size, the internal micro deformation, the cell parameter, the saturation magnetization, the remnant field, the coercive field as well as the Z impedance, according to a only parameter, the grinding time.

scholarly journals Синтез и магнитные свойства наночастиц Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-/CoFe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- со структурой ядро/оболочка

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Д.А. Балаев ◽  
С.В. Семенов ◽  
А.А. Дубровский ◽  
А.А. Красиков ◽  
С.И. Попков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Hybrid Particles ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Cofe2o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Shell Structure ◽  
Magnetically Hard ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Magnetic Fe3o4

Fe3O4 / CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with a core-shell structure with an average size of 5 nm were obtained by co-precipitation from solutions of iron and cobalt chlorides. An analysis of the magnetic properties of the resulting system and their comparison with the data for single-phase Fe3O4 (4 nm) and CoFe2O4 (6 nm) nanoparticles led to the conclusion that there is a noticeable interaction between the soft magnetic (Fe3O4) and magnetically hard (CoFe2O4) phases that form the core and the shell of hybrid particles, correspondingly.

La and Co doping effects on magnetoresistance of double perovskite Sr2FeMoO6

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (20) ◽  
pp. 1550140 ◽  
Author(s):  
SongChol Ri ◽  
GwangSu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Double Perovskite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Co Doping ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Doping Effects ◽  
Low Magnetic Field

Double perovskite Sr 2 FeMoO 6 (SFMO) with composition of Sr 2-x La x Fe 1-y Co y MoO 6(x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 at.%; y = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9 at.%) was synthesized by high energy ball milling and sintering. The sintered samples were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and magnetic measurements. XRD results show that all the samples have single phase double perovskite structure. EDS spectrum confirmed that the actual composition of prepared samples is in agreement with nominal ones. With the increase of doping concentration of La, the magnetization decreases, whereas Curie temperature increases in SFMO. And with doping concentration of La, the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio with a low magnetic field of 480 kA/m increases, has its maximum value as 5% for x = 0.3 at 293 K. The degree of antisite disorder decreases with Co 2+ doping, and therefore results in increase of MR ratio. At room temperature, the MR ratio with a considerable low magnetic field for x = 0.3, y = 0.1 has maximum value as 6.5%.

scholarly journals Magnetic and microwave absorption properties of nickel ferrite (NixFe3-xO4) by HEM technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunasfi Yunas ◽  
Wisnu Ari Adi ◽  
Mashadi Mashadi ◽  
Putri Astari Rahmy
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Magnetic Measurement ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Microwave Absorption Properties ◽  
Maximum Value

Nickel ferrite (NixFe3-xO4) have been synthesized using solid state reaction with composition (2x)NiO : (3-x)Fe2O3 (x = 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 dan 2.0) in mol in wt%. Mixing of this powder was milled with HEM (High Energy Milling) for 10 hours, and then sintered at 1000 °C for 3 h. X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that the all of samples are single phase in this stage. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) analysis showed two absorption bands in the range of ~410 - ~600 cm-1 related to octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The magnetic measurement using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) shows that the sample exhibited a ferromagnetic behaviour with its coercivity value in the range of 164-217 Oe, and the maximum value wasshowed by x =1.5. VNA (Vector Network Analyzer) characterization shows the ability electromagnetic wave absorption with RL (reflection loss) value of -28 dB occurs at frequency of 10.98 GHz. It means that the Ni1.5Fe1.5O4 sample can absorb microwave about ~96 % at 10.98 GHz.

Effect of High Energy Ball Milling on Structures and Properties of Atomization Fe-Based Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Powders

2016 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 844-851
Author(s):  
Juan Zhou ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Hong Mei Zhu ◽  
Xiang Fang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Ball Milling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Magnetic Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Soft Magnetic Alloy ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
Saturation Magnetic Induction

The microstructure and strain of gas atomization and water collection Fe73Si3B24 soft magnetic alloy powder treated by high energy ball milling were investigated via SEM and X-ray diffraction. And the magnetic properties of those powders were studied via VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer). The results show that the atomization powders almost exhibited spheric or ellipsoidal shape. The averaged particle size was 104.94 μm. The main phases were composed of α-Fe (Si) and amorphous phase. As ball milling time went on, the interplanar space, amount of amorphous and crystal microstrain of the powders increased, while the grain size decreased. The peak for the (110) crystal plane of α-Fe (Si) phase widened, while the peaks for (200), (211) crystal planes weakened. These three peaks shifted towards to small angle direction. The saturation magnetic induction of treated powders was steady, and the coercivity of samples increased.

Recovering Nano-Sized SnO2 from Electronic Wastes by Ultrasonic-Assisted Electrochemical Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2024-2028
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Shi ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Ting Ting He ◽  
Dao Yuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
One Step ◽  
Average Size

Tin dioxide nanoparticles were directly one-step recovered from electronic wastes using ultrasonic-assisted electrochemical method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which indicated that the average size of tetragonal SnO2 is 100 nm. The experiment parameters, such as the concentration of electrolyte, electrolysis current, reaction time and electrode distance, were also discussed. The proposed method is high energy efficient, non-toxic and environment-friendly, and suitable for the recovering of electronic wastes under the controllable reaction condition at room temperature.

scholarly journals Structural, Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Nd16 (Fe76−xCox)B8 0 ≤ x ≤ 25 Alloys

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5656
Author(s):  
Juan Sebastián Trujillo Hernández ◽  
Ahmed Talaat ◽  
Jesús Tabares ◽  
Dagoberto Oyola Lozano ◽  
Humberto Bustos Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Ferromagnetic Behavior ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Cobalt Doping ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Magnetically Hard ◽  
Hard Magnetic Properties

In this work, the structural, magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd16Fe76−xCoxB8 alloys with a varying Co content of x = 0, 10, 20 and 25 were experimentally investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mössbauer spectrometry (MS) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) at room temperature (RT), and microhardness tests were performed. The system presented hard Nd2Fe14B and the Nd1.1Fe4B4 phases for samples with x = 0; when the concentration increased to x = 20 and 25, the CoO phase appeared. All MS data showed ferromagnetic behavior (eight sextets: sites 16k1, 16k2, 8j1, 8j2, 4c, 4e, sb) associated with the hard and soft magnetic phases, and one paramagnetic component (doublet: site d) associated with the minority Nd1.1Fe4B4 phase, which was not identified by XRD. All samples were magnetically hard and presented hard magnetic behavior. The increase of Co content in these samples did not improve the hard magnetic properties but increased the critical temperature of the system and decreased the crystallite size of the hard phase. There was a general tendency towards increased microhardness with cobalt content that was attributable to cobalt doping, which reduces the lattice parameters and porosities within the sample, improving its hardness.

Microstructure and Property Evolution of Cu90Zr10 Alloy in the Process of Mechanical Alloying

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 667-670
Author(s):  
C.J. Li ◽  
L. Teng ◽  
J. Tan ◽  
Q. Yuan ◽  
J.J. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Energy Ball

Cu90Zr10 alloy powder was prepared by high-energy ball milling. The microstructure and property evolution of this alloy powder during mechanical alloying (MA) were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy (OM). The alloy powder with an average grain size of 10 - 40 nm was obtained, and the grain size was found to decrease gradually with increasing milling time. The microhardness reached a maximum value (about 295 Hv) after 30 h milling. The internal microstrain and the microhardness of the samples increased due to the grain refinement and solid solution during milling, and 10at.% Zr could be brought into Cu lattice by solid solution during MA. At last, the mechanisms of strengthening were discussed.

Synthesis of WC Powders by Reactive Milling

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 648-653
Author(s):  
F.R. Passador ◽  
S.C. Maestrelli ◽  
Elíria Maria Jesus Agnolon Pallone ◽  
R.F. Esposto ◽  
Roberto Tomasi
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Time ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Reactive Milling ◽  
Ball Mass ◽  
Complete Formation

One possible route for the production of nanometric powders is the reactive high-energy milling. For a variety of systems of highly exothermic reactions, the milling can lead to self-sustaining reactions, with the reaction being observed after an induction or ignition time, which produces a temperature increase in the reactants. In this work, WC powder was obtained by reactive high energy-milling, performed in a SPEX 8000 shaker/mill. During milling the highly exothermic displacement reaction of reduction of the WO3 by Mg was performed in presence of carbon to produce WC and MgO. The material to ball mass ratio was fixed in 4:1 and the ignition time of the reaction was determined. In order to characterize the transformations from reactant powders to reaction products, the milling was stopped at given times before, immediately after and after the reaction; the powders obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and specific surface area. Depending on the amount of carbon, W and the W2C were also observed as reaction products. The complete formation of WC was achieved with addition of an excess of carbon.

Characterization of the Consolidation Behavior of Fabricated Nanocrystalline-Nanopowders of TiC/Al-2124 Composite

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanadi G. Salem ◽  
Sherif El Eskandarany ◽  
Hassan Abdul Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powders ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Consolidation Behavior

Nanoscale materials have been the subject of major interest in recent years due to the anticipated ultrahigh strength and toughness combination anticipated in contrast to materials with conventional meso and micro-scale structures. The key issue lays in the optimization of the processing parameters suitable for the production of bulk nanostructured materials (BNSM) with superior properties suitable for elevated and cryogenic temperature applications. In the current research, a top down approach was employed for the refinement of a micron scale Al-2124 alloy powder about 45μm in average size using high energy ball milling up to 24 hours. Reinforcement of the refined Al-2124 nanocrystalline powders with 1μm nanostructured powder of TiC with internal structure <100 nm was performed to investigate the compaction and consolidation behavior of the produced nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystallite size as a function of milling time (MT). microhardness of the milled powders was characterized for the hot compacts. Microstructural evolution of the green compacts was investigated by a 1nm resolution field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the hot compacts were investigated using optical microscopy. Nanocrystalline-nanopowders <300nm in particle size and 20nm internal structural size were fabricated successfully at 24hr of MT from a 45μm particle sized 2124-Al powder with internal structure of 78nm in average size. The green compact densities of the nanoscale powder decreased to 92% compared to 97% for the microscale as-received powder due to the resistance of the strain hardened agglomerates to the applied pressure used for compaction. The microscale as-received powder was severely deformed during compaction, which resulted in higher densities. The degree by which the density decreased with the addition of 5-wt% TiC to the matrix was much lower for the nanoscale powder compared to the microscale one due to the low RPS ratio between the matrix and the reinforcement which promoted uniform distribution of the TiC particles within the matrix agglomerates. Increasing TiC content up to 10 wt% resulted in the formation of large voids and cavities. Refinement of the microscale powder to the nanoscale size resulted in 22.5% increase in hardness in the un-reinforced condition. Moreover, significant increase in hardness was also achieved with increasing TiC-content up to 10%.

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