scholarly journals Evaluation of Present Status of Hypertension at Port City Chattogram, Bangladesh: A Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Port City ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Blood Relative ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Blood Pressure Range ◽  
Day By Day

Hypertension is one of the most common Non-Communicable Diseases, which is increasing day by day, and its complications account for 9.4 million annual deaths worldwide. The rate of hypertension in Chattogram is relatively higher and majority are undiagnosed hypertension. This study was conducted to investigate the risk factors of hypertension on the population of Chattogram and to determine the complication of Hypertension. This survey study was carried out from June 2019 to December 2019. From the survey, it was found that about 49% of people have hypertension in age between 20-49, 43% people have in age between 50-79, about 12% people have in age above 80, and majority of population have hypertension in age between 20-49. Among them, about 46% of male are suffered fromhypertension whereasfemale are 57%. Hence, the risk of hypertension is higherin female rather than in male. About 50% of people have systolic blood pressure range above 130, 38% people have above 160, 10 people have above 180 & 6% people have above 100. About 44% of people have blood relative with hypertension, about 35% people do not have & about 24% people do not aware of the relative with hypertension. Among them about 21% people are given metformin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in hypertension & about 10% people are given both metformin & glibenclamide. About 54% of people are given Enalapril, 33% people are given Amlodipine, 7% people are given both enalapril & Amlodipine and 5% people are given hydrochlorothiazide. Compliance with treatment was relatively high; however, accessessibilty of drugs was mainly from private pharmacies. Hypertension was significantly associated with increasing age, being male, unemployment and obesity.

Is there a Role for Sodium Orthovanadate in the Treatment of Diabetes?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Rana ◽  
Anoop Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Sodium Orthovanadate ◽  
Phosphorylation State ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Ptp1b Inhibitors ◽  
Tyrosyl Phosphorylation ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Common Laboratory

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder, whose incidences are increasing day by day. Various classes of anti-diabetic drugs are clinically approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, but unfortunately, none of them is able to treat this condition. Thus, the exploration of novel mechanistic pathways of existing molecules may help to develop more safe and effective anti-diabetic agents. Sodium orthovanadate is a well known common laboratory agent used to preserve the protein tyrosyl phosphorylation state of the protein. Methods: The data related to sodium orthovanadate and diabetes mellitus has been collected from Pubmed. Results: Various reports have indicated the potential of sodium orthovanadate as Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP1B) inhibitors which play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. However, safety of Sodium orthovanadate is still questionable. Conclusion: The sodium orthovanadate could be developed as an anti-diabetic agent. However, further studies are required to confirm its safety profile in the treatment of diabetes mellitus before starting a clinical trial.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Epidemiology, Biochemistry, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Complications and Comprehensive Management

Diabetology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Saruar Alam ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Sharif Neaz ◽  
Nazmul Hussain ◽  
Md. Faruk Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Diabetes mellitus has become a serious and chronic metabolic disorder that results from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors, principally characterized by hyperglycemia, polyuria, and polyphagia. Uncontrolled high blood sugar can result in a host of diabetic complications. Prolonged diabetes leads to serious complications some of which are life-threatening. The prevalence of diabetes patients is rising at epidemic proportions throughout the world. Every year, a major portion of the annual health budget is spent on diabetes and related illnesses. Multiple risk factors are involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease and turning the disease into an epidemic. Diabetes, for which there is no cure, apparently can be kept under control by maintaining self-care in daily living, effective diabetes education, with comprehensive improvements in knowledge, attitudes, skills, and management. In this review, we focused on the biochemical aspects of diabetes, risk factors including both environmental and genetic, disease complications, diagnosis, management, and currently available medications for the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Is Significantly Associated with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
José M. Castillo-Otí ◽  
Ana I. Galván-Manso ◽  
María R. Callejas-Herrero ◽  
Luís A. Vara-González ◽  
Fernando Salas-Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Control Study

Aim: Results from meta-analyses point to an association between vitamin D deficiency and the onset of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the association of vitamin D for the development of DR and to determine the levels of vitamin D associated with a greater risk of DR. Methods: Between November 2013 and February 2015, we performed a case-control study based on a sample of patients with diabetes in Spain. The study population comprised all patients who had at least one evaluable electroretinogram and recorded levels of 25(OH)D. We collected a series of analytical data: 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, iPTH, calcium, albumin, and HbA1c. Glycemic control was evaluated on the basis of the mean HbA1c values for the period 2009–2014. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the variables associated with DR. Results: The final study sample comprised 385 patients, of which 30 (7.8%) had DR. Significant differences were found between patients with and without DR for age (69.54 vs. 73.43), HbA1c (6.68% vs. 7.29%), years since diagnosis of diabetes (10.9 vs. 14.17), level of 25(OH)D (20.80 vs. 15.50 ng/mL), level of 1,25(OH)2D (35.0 vs. 24.5 pg/mL), treatment with insulin (14.9% vs. 56.7%), hypertension (77.7% vs. 100%), cardiovascular events (33.2% vs. 53.3%), and kidney failure (22.0% vs. 43.3%). In the multivariate analysis, the factors identified as independent risk factors for DR were treatment of diabetes (p = 0.001) and 25(OH)D (p = 0.025). The high risk of DR in patients receiving insulin (OR 17.01) was also noteworthy. Conclusions: Levels of 25(OH)D and treatment of diabetes were significantly associated with DR after adjusting for other risk factors. Combined levels of 25(OH)D < 16 ng/mL and levels of 1,25(OH)2D < 29 pg/mL are the variables that best predict the risk of having DR with respect to vitamin D deficiency. The risk factor with the strongest association was the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This was particularly true for patients receiving insulin, who had a greater risk of DR than those receiving insulin analogues. However, further studies are necessary before a causal relationship can be established.

scholarly journals A Clinical Study of Hypothyroidism Associated With Type – 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Prakash Ajmera ◽  
P Sailaja ◽  
P Raghu Ramulu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Annual Screening ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Day By Day

Background: Thyroid disorders are common in the general population and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is also rapidly increasing day by day. The objective is to determine the age and sex prevalence, pattern of presentation and management of patients suffering from hypothyroidism associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: Design: The study was an observational study of 20 types    2 diabetics attending the Department of Medicine (outpatient/inpatient). Duration: 1 year i.e. from December 2004 – December 2005. Setting: Out-patient department. Participants:20 patients with both Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and Hypothyroidism. Patients with known diabetes attending OPD were considered. Data were collected using a standardized case report form. Results: The majority of the patients had got diagnosed with hypothyroidism and diabetes within a span of 0 to 5 years, followed by 6 to 9 years span with 4 patients and 3 patients within the span of 10 to 14 years and 2 patients in the span of 15 to 19 years. Only 1 patient was diagnosed with both in a span of 20- to 24 years and one patient in 25 to 29 years. Conclusion: Annual Screening is mandatory in all hypothyroid patients for the early detection and treatment of diabetes mellitus, thereby to prevent and/or postpone the complications of diabetes, and all diabetes mellitus patients to undergo thyroid function screening (TFT) yearly for the early detection of thyroid dysfunction and thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals FAKTOR RESIKO YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TERJADINYA ULKUS DIABETIK PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD SYEKH YUSUF KABUPATEN GOWA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Saenab Dasong ◽  
Suhartatik Suhartatik ◽  
Arlin Afrianti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Ulcers

Diabetic Ulcers was a threat to people with Diabetes Mellitus and even caused amputations. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risk factors and the occurrence of Diabetes Ulcers to the patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Syekh Hospital of Gowa Regency. This study was an Analytical Survey Study that the researcher conducted a cross sectional study conducted in April to May 2019. The population in this study was Type 2 of DM patients seeking treatment at Syekh Yusuf Hospital Gowa Regency, consisted 30 respondents. The results showed that age, duration of DM and adherence to take medication had a significant relationship with the occurrence of Diabetes Ulcers in type 2 of DM patients. All factors had a value <0.05. It was expected that patients will always increase efforts to prevent the occurrence of Diabetic Ulcers through the prevention of various risk factors for Diabetic Ulcers in patients with type 2 Diabetes. So, this needed to be considered by health workers to pay attention to the risk factors. One of the factors that could be modified was medication adherence because it affected the patient's blood sugar levels that had impacted on the complications of Diabetic Ulcers.Keywords: Age, Length of Suffering from Diabetes Mellitus, Compliance with Taking Medication, Diabetic Ulcer 

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