Conclusion: The Crisis Image – Mumblecore and Beyond

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Backman Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Specific Effect ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
Independent Cinema ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
Transition Mutation ◽  
Modes Of Thought ◽  
Further Development

By way of conclusion and further development of the notion of a cinema of crisis, I will extend briefly this study’s theoretical framework to the work of Harmony Korine, Kelly Reichardt and the ‘Mumblecore’ movement – or, more specifically, the work of Lena Dunham. However, in order to outline these further facets of a cinema of crisis, it is necessary at this juncture to summarise what its salient features are. I argued at the beginning of this book that the dominant and established approach to American independent cinema in critical and scholarly studies is to categorise it in terms of economic, production and distribution strategies.1 While this is important and useful, this focus on the meaning and context of the very term ‘independent’ has resulted in a paucity of material on the aesthetics and poetics of this kind of cinema and its specific effect or affects. By focusing on the themes of crisis, liminality, transition, mutation and transformation, I have tried to emphasise the ways in which American independent cinema appropriates and transfigures the tropes of European ‘Art’ cinema (as set forth in Gilles Deleuze’s Cinema 2) for its own particular purposes in order to challenge entrenched modes of thought.

Anxiety and the Antisocial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Recent Theoretical Work ◽  
Modes Of Thought ◽  
Psychological Disposition

This chapter elaborates a novel theoretical framework that draws from the antisocial thesis in queer theory, particularly as formulated by Leo Bersani, as well as recent theoretical work on affect and emotion by Sianne Ngai and Sara Ahmed. Weaving these theoretical strands together, the chapter proposes that anxiety is not simply an individual psychological disposition, but can also be ascribed to modes of thought. The chapter then argues that anxiety, as a discursive affect, functions as a “straightening device,” policing antisocial subjects (or non-subjects) and calling them back to valued forms of sociality. This argument provides a foundation for interpreting the anxieties about playbor, automation, and the sharing economy discussed in the chapters that follow.

Corporate Crime and the State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ghazi-Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
The State ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Governance

State-corporate crime is defined as criminal acts that occur when one or more institutions of political governance pursue a goal in direct cooperation with one or more institutions of economic production and distribution. This concept has been advanced to examine how corporations and governments intersect to produce social harm. The complexity of state-corporate crime arises from the nature of the offenses; unlike traditional “street crime,” state-corporate crime is not characterized by the intent of a single actor to violate the law for personal pleasure or gain. Criminal actions by the state often lack an obvious victim, and diffusion of responsibility arising from corporate structure and involvement of multiple actors makes the task of attributing criminal responsibility difficult. Sufficient understanding of state-corporate crime cannot be gained through studying individual actors; one must also consider broader organizational and societal factors. Further subclassification illuminates the different types of state-corporate crime: State-initiated corporate crime (such as the 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger explosion) occurs when corporations, employed by the government, engage in organizational deviance at the direction of, or with the tacit approval of, the government. State-facilitated state-corporate crime (such as the 1991 Imperial Food Products fire in Hamlet, North Carolina) occurs when government regulatory institutions fail to restrain deviant activities either because of direct collusion between business and government or because they adhere to shared goals whose attainment would be hampered by aggressive regulation.

scholarly journals The Struggle for a South African Film Audience

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Botha
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Art Cinema ◽  
Independent Cinema ◽  
African Film ◽  
World Cinema ◽  
Audience Development ◽  
Political Films ◽  
Film And Video

IN THIS ARTICLE, the author aims to discuss the historical process which led to the fragmented nature of film audiences in South Africa presently. He examines the current status of film audiences and stresses the importance of audience development as an important option for the commercial growth of South African film industry. 1. Background and ContextThe years 1959 to 1980 had been characterised by an artistic revival in filmmaking throughout the world, ranging from exciting political films in Africa and Latin America to examples of great art cinema in Europe and Asia. National cinemas(1) emerged in Australia, West Germany, Iceland and New Zealand. In 1977 Iceland, for example, was nearly invisible on the map of world cinema. Few films were made there, but since the establishment of a national film commission similar to our NFVF (National Film and Video Foundation) an independent cinema emerged. Following the establishment of...

scholarly journals Electronic Health Program to Empower Patients in Returning to Normal Activities After General Surgical and Gynecological Procedures: Intervention Mapping as a Useful Method for Further Development (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal M den Bakker ◽  
Frederieke G Schaafsma ◽  
Eva van der Meij ◽  
Wilhelmus JHJ Meijerink ◽  
Baukje van den Heuvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Mapping ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Electronic Health ◽  
Ehealth Intervention ◽  
Further Development

BACKGROUND Support for guiding and monitoring postoperative recovery and resumption of activities is usually not provided to patients after discharge from the hospital. Therefore, a perioperative electronic health (eHealth) intervention (“ikherstel” intervention or “I recover” intervention) was developed to empower gynecological patients during the perioperative period. This eHealth intervention requires a need for further development for patients who will undergo various types of general surgical and gynecological procedures. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to further develop the “ikherstel” eHealth intervention using Intervention Mapping (IM) to fit a broader patient population. METHODS The IM protocol was used to guide further development of the “ikherstel” intervention. First, patients’ needs were identified using (1) the information of a process evaluation of the earlier performed “ikherstel” study, (2) a review of the literature, (3) a survey study, and (4) focus group discussions (FGDs) among stakeholders. Next, program outcomes and change objectives were defined. Third, behavior change theories and practical tools were selected for the intervention program. Finally, an implementation and evaluation plan was developed. RESULTS The outcome for an eHealth intervention tool for patients recovering from abdominal general surgical and gynecological procedures was redefined as “achieving earlier recovery including return to normal activities and work.” The Attitude-Social Influence-Self-Efficacy model was used as a theoretical framework to transform personal and external determinants into change objectives of personal behavior. The knowledge gathered by needs assessment and using the theoretical framework in the preparatory steps of the IM protocol resulted in additional tools. A mobile app, an activity tracker, and an electronic consultation (eConsult) will be incorporated in the further developed eHealth intervention. This intervention will be evaluated in a multicenter, single-blinded randomized controlled trial with 18 departments in 11 participating hospitals in the Netherlands. CONCLUSIONS The intervention is extended to patients undergoing general surgical procedures and for malignant indications. New intervention tools such as a mobile app, an activity tracker, and an eConsult were developed. CLINICALTRIAL Netherlands Trial Registry NTR5686; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=5686 

scholarly journals Workplace-integrated assistance systems conducive to learning designed for production

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Tina Haase ◽  
◽  
Wilhelm Termath ◽  
Michael Dick ◽  
Michael Schenk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Activity System ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Assistance Systems ◽  
Further Development

In this paper, the authors present a methodological approach for designing assistance systems conducive to learning. The theoretical framework is based on the activity system and the concept of expansive learning. From this, the authors develop the learning activity system. The application and further development of this theoretical framework is presented on the basis of an industrial application scenario of mechatronic reprocessing in the automotive industry. It includes a systematic approach to technology selection and design that serves as a practical action guide for companies designing assistance systems. In addition, dimensions conducive to learning are developed and linked to the activity system approach. This integrated model provides requirements for the design of an assistance system conducive to learning. The paper also describes concrete requirements and measures of a participatory design and implementation process.

Indie Reframed

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
White Male ◽  
First Century ◽  
Independent Cinema ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
The Face ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Female Filmmakers

With the consolidation of ‘indie’ culture in the twenty-first century, female filmmakers face an increasingly indifferent climate. Within this sector, women work across all aspects of writing, direction, production, editing and design, yet the dominant narrative continues to construe ‘maverick’ white male auteurs such as Quentin Tarantino or Wes Anderson as the face of indie discourse. Defying the formulaic myths of the mainstream ‘chick flick’ and the ideological and experimental radicalism of feminist counter-cinema alike, women’s indie filmmaking is neither ironic, popular nor political enough to be readily absorbed into any pre-existing categories. This collection – the first sustained examination of the work of female practitioners within American independent cinema – reclaims the ‘difference’ of female indie filmmaking. Through case studies of directors, writers and producers such as Ava DuVernay, Lena Dunham and Christine Vachon, the contributors explore the innovation of a range of female practitioners by attending to the sensibilities, ideologies and industrial practices that distinguish their work – while embracing the ‘in-between’ space in which the complex narratives they represent and embody can be revealed. The volume is organised into an introduction and four parts: ‘Production and Distribution Contexts’ (chapters 1-5), ‘Genres and Modalities’ (chapters 6-9), ‘Identities’ (chapters 10-14) and ‘Collaborations’ (chapters 15-18).

American Independent Cinema

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Backman Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Independent Films ◽  
Independent Cinema ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Narrative Cinema ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
Modes Of Thought ◽  
Horizon Of Expectations ◽  
Gus Van Sant

Anna Backman Rogers argues that American independent cinema is a cinema not merely in crisis, but also of crisis. As a cinema which often explores the rite of passage by explicitly drawing on American cinematic heritage, from the teen movie to the western, American independent films deal in images of crisis, transition and metamorphosis, offering a subversive engagement with more traditional modes of representation. Examining films by Gus Van Sant, Jim Jarmusch and Sofia Coppola, this study sets forth that American indie films offer the viewer an ‘art experience’ within the confines of commercial, narrative cinema by engaging with cinematic time (as a mode of philosophical thought) and foregrounding the inherent ‘crisis’ of the cinematic image (as the mode of being as change). The subject of this book is how certain American independent films appropriate ritual as a kind of power of the false in order to throw into crisis images – such as the cliché – that pertain to truth via collective comprehension. In his study of genre, Steve Neale (2000) has outlined how certain images and sound tracks can function ritualistically and ideologically; cinema, according to Neale, both creates a horizon of expectations for an audience and also draws upon existing stratifications and categories in order to shore up established identities and modes of thought.

Distributional Problems: The Household and the State

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Central Place ◽  
The State ◽  
Exchange Economies ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
The Family ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Sharing Function ◽  
Income Sharing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Wage Earners

With the development of the division of labor, the household has declined in importance as a unit of economic production. Yet even as the individual wage earner has assumed a central place in modern exchange economies, the household has still been seen as an important unit of distribution, in which wage earners provide for their non-income-producing family members. With the breakdown of the family in recent decades, however, the communal income-sharing function of the family has, in significant part, been taken overby the state.In this essay, I examine this fundamental change in the structure of production and distribution in modern exchange economies. Going beyond this, I propose a new structure of markets–markets for rights to influence collective decision-making within a society. Such markets, I suggest, wouldprovide a source of income for each member of the society.

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