scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN KARUK (Piper sarmentosum) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA NABATI HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

EKOLOGIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Rangga Eka S. P ◽  
Moerfiah . ◽  
Triastinurmiatiningsih .
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Extent Of Damage

The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the leaf extract of Piper sarmentosum on mortality and damage levels by pest armyworm (Spodoptera litura). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pakuan University, Bogor. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD), with four levels of extract concentration, that is 0% as control, 30%, 40% and 50%.  Each treatment was repeated four times. The variables measured were mortality rates, the extent of damage the leaves, and larval growth. A concentration of EDK 50% showed activity in killing the armyworm by 38%. The lowest level of damage is 5%, with an average growth rate to its lowest larvae by 0.8 cm with the provision of treatment EDK 50%, and the higest level of damage is 75% by a concetration of EDK 30% treatments.

KARAKTERISTIK FISIK BUBUR INSTAN TERSUBTITUSI TEPUNG PISANG TONGKA LANGIT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Gilian Tetelepta
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Banana Flour ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

Instant porridge is sereal-based food that can be combined with fruits so it will contain better nutrition. To improve the nutrition value of instant porridge then substitute of one kind of banana originally from Maluku is Tongka langit banana. A good quality of instant porridge has a high nutrition and a best physical property. This research aims to characterize of the physical properties instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour. The design that is applied is completely randomized design with four levels of treatment in comparing the substitution between Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour as follow 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. According to the result of this research, the physical characteristic of instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour are bulk density (0.84-0.89 g/mL), water absorption index (3.49-4.05%), and water solubility index (0.02-0.04%).

scholarly journals Efektifitas Jamur Metharhizium anisopliae Menghambat Perkembangan Hama Uret pada Tanaman Cincau Hitam (Mesona palustris BL)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Wuye Ria Andayanie
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Range Test

Black grass jelly plants can be used as conservation plants. However, uret pests (Leucopholis rorida F.) are often complained that eat the base of the stems, flowers and roots at night. This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of M. anisopliae fungi on uret pests, (2) the level of susceptibility of uret pests, and (3) M. anisopliae fungal effectiveness on uret pests. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Data from the observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) 5% test carried out when diversity analysis showed a real effect. Uret mortality monitoring will be carried out after the application of fungi. by observing each uret and calculating the amount of uret mortality and average plant growth. The highest percentage of second instar larvae from uret was found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next temperature of 28 oC applied to the field with straw mulch) which was 82, 98% at 12 days after application of fungi. The average growth of plants consisting of: root length, root volume, stem diameter and number of shoots was also found in treatment P4 (manure and fungi were incubated for 72 hours at the next 28 oC, applied to the field with straw mulch), respectively amounting to 12.45; 5.70; 1.88; 12,15. Dead larvae emit fluids such as ethanol and their bodies are weak, then the body dries and hardens and stiffens, like mummies and fungi forming green sporulation. Keywords—: black grass jelly plants; Leucopholis rorida F;Metharhizium anisopliae; mortality;effectiveness

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pestisida Biologis Bacillus Cereus dan Bacillus Megaterium. sebagai Pengendali Spodoptera litura Fabr (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Indra Agastya ◽  
Aminudin Afandhi ◽  
Luqman Qurata Aini
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Control Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

This research was conducted in vitro in the laboratory. Studies conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, on the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium as biological pesticides controlling Spodoptera litura. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the bacteria Bacillus sp as biological control. Effectiveness pesticide was measured by testing the incubation period and mortality in larvae of S. litura instar 3. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), conducted observations every 6 hours until the larvae dead. The results showed that the percentage of mortality of S. litura reached 94.66% compared to the control, while the incubation time of the bacteria B. cereus cause disease until 29.84 hours. B. cereus and B. megaterium have the ability to incubate third instar larvae of S. litura up to 29.84 hours and caused the death of larvae up to 94.66%. Keywords: Biological pesticides, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, entomopatogen, Spodoptera litura

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Karamunting (Melastoma malabathricum L.) sebagai Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera litura F.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Kartina Kartina ◽  
Shulkipli Shulkipli ◽  
Mardhiana Mardhiana ◽  
Saat Egra
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<h1>Spodoptera litura F. is one of the important pests in Horticulture commodities which can cause damage 80% and up to 100%. Karamunting (Melastome malabathricum) is a wild plant that grows in Tarakan City. This plant is known to contain secondary metabolites which are thought to have the potential to control pests. This study aims to determine the potential of Karamunting extract as a botanical insecticide material to control armyworms. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 1 treatment factor, namely the concentration of Karamunting leaf extract. Potential extracts as botanical insecticides were tested by dye method using 4 concentrations, namely 0 (control); 500; 1000; 2000; 4000; and 8000 ppm. The results showed that Karamunting leaf extract was able to control armyworm pests. Giving extracts of 8000 ppm (P5) in feed caused the highest decrease in eating activity up to 41,2%, larval mortality up to 85%, and the highest mortality rate after 7 days of observation. Decreased feeding activity and larval mortality were thought to be influenced by the presence of phenol compounds, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols and alkaloids identified in the extract. Thus, Karamunting leaf extract has the potential to be developed as an active ingredient in botanical insecticides to control armyworm.<strong></strong></h1>

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Rizky Amalia Rachmawati ◽  
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
The Right

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different solvents on the antioxidant activity of gale of the wind extract and to find out the right type of solvent used to extract gale of the wind with the highest antioxidant activity using maceration method. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a type of solvent as a treatment. The treatment consisting of four levels, namely methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol. All treatments were repeated four times so that they were obtained 16 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had significant effect followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the type of solvent treatment had a very significant effect on yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, total tannin, and antioxidant activity (IC50). The results showed that acetone solvent had the best treatment which produced a yield of 22.58%, total phenol content of 188.77 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 247.60 mg QE/g, total tannin content of 297.51mg TAE/g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 15.19 ppm.

scholarly journals Effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from explants in an endemic and threatened Echinocactus parryi Engelm.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
Dolores Adilene García-González ◽  
◽  
María del Socorro Santos-Díaz ◽  
Juan Pedro Flores-Margez ◽  
Pedro Osuna-Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Globular Stage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Green Callus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Mature Seeds

Introduction: The list of threatened species is enhancing and needs to be revised by integrating plant tissue culture tools with conventional techniques that support the appropriate management of these species. Objective: To assess the effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from mature seeds, shoots, and compact green callus of Echinocactus parryi Engelm. and the histological analysis of the embryogenic structures. Materials and methods: A completely randomized design was utilized to evaluate three types of explants (apical, medium, and basal) cultured on basal Murashige & Skoog media (MS) with different growth regulators concentrations (2, 4-D [dichlorophenoxy acetic acid], BAP [6-benzylaminopurine] and kinetin, at four levels: 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg∙L -1 ). Histological analysis of the embryogenic structures was performed. Results and discussion: The 2, 4-D induced both embryogenic and organogenic callus from seeds and shoot explants. The globular stage did not evolve to their maturity, presumably because of 2, 4-D accumulation. The compact callus explants were the more efficient to induce 19.2 somatic embryos per explant when they were cultured in the medium with 0.5 mg∙L -1 kinetin. However, the latest phases did not germinate, probably due to abnormalities generated by genetic and epigenetic changes in the DNA that can cause abnormal somatic embryos. The histology image demonstrated that the globular and torpedo structures were visible under a microscope showing stained nucleus and numerous starch grains. Conclusions: E. parryi is a species that can produce a high number of embryogenic structures, which represents a great potential to grow massive plants.

scholarly journals PEMBERIAN STIMULAN PADA BIDANG SADAP DALAM MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN KUALITAS LATEKS TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis (Muell. Arg.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Hayata Hayata ◽  
Yulistiati Nengsih ◽  
Rahmanto Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Factor ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Latex Production

Production increasing of latex on rubber plants can be increased by using a stimulants. One of it  is Vicar 10 SL. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of Vicar 10 SL on the production and quality of latex. This research was carried out in the Kasang Parit Village, Sekernan District, Muaro Jambi Regency, and the Goods Quality Control and Certification Center on Industry and trade department   in Jambi Province. The study was conducted in July to August 2017. The design used was a completely randomized design with one treatment factor as the Vicar 10 SL application with four levels of treatment, namely; Without treatment (V0/control), 1 ml/Tree (V1), 2 ml/tree (V2), 3 ml/tree (V3). There were 4 times  repeatation on each treatment. Using  fingers, a Vicar 10 SL solution was applied to the tapping groove which was adjusted to the treatment, and allowed to keep it 24 hours. Tapping is done in the next morning, by following the grooves and be stored in a cup and left until the latex stoped dripping. Vicar was given once a week during 30 days. Tapping was done 3 times a week. The variables observed were latex production (gram/tree/day), dry rubber content (%), latex ash content (%), and latex dirt content (%). Vicar giving 10 SL in the tapping site with a dose of 2 ml / tree gave the highest yield of latex production (93.38 grams / tree / day) and dry rubber content (75.50%) and was significantly different compared to the other treatments. Vicar giving 10 SL in tapping site had no significant effect on latex dirt content and latex ash contentKeywords: Latex, stimulant, product and quality Abstrak Peningkatan produksi lateks pada tanaman karet dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan stimulan. Salah satu pemakaian yang digunakan adalah Vikar 10 SL. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk megetahui penggunaan stimulan pada bidang sadap dalam mempengaruhi produksi dan kualitas lateks. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa kasang Parit Kecamatan Sekernan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dan Balai Pengujian dan Sertifikasi Mutu Barang (BPSMB) Disperindag Propinsi Jambi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor perlakuan pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) dengan empat taraf perlakuan  yaitu; Tanpa perlakuan (V0/kontrol),  1 ml/ Pohon (V1),  2 ml/pohon (V2), 3 ml/pohon  (V3). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Dengan menggunakan jari dioleskan larutan Vikar 10 SL pada alur sadap  yang disesuaikan dengan perlakuan, dan didiamkan selama 24 jam. Penyadapan dilakukan pada pagi hari esoknya, dengan mengikuti alur torehan dan ditampung dalam cawan dan dibiarkan sampai lateks berhenti menetes. Pemberian Vikar dilakukan sekali 7 hari selama 30 hari. Penyadapan dilakukan  3 kali dalam seminggu. Peubah yang diamati adalah produksi lateks (gram/pohon/hari)), kadar karet kering (%), kadar abu lateks (%), kadar kotoran lateks (%). Pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) pada bidang sadap dengan dosis 2 ml/pohon memberikan hasil yang tertinggi terhadap produksi lateks 93,38 gram/pohon/hari dan kadar karet kering 75,50 % dan berbeda nyata bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Pemberian stimulan (Vikar 10 SL) pada bidang sadap berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kotoran lateks dan kadar abu lateksKata kunci :Lateks, stimulan, produksi dan kualitas

scholarly journals Morphogenesis and structure of Tifton 85 cultivated in subtropical climate and fertilized with nitrogen

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Daniel Tiecher ◽  
Marta Gomes da Rocha ◽  
Luciana Pötter ◽  
Paulo Roberto Salvador ◽  
Tuani Lopes Bergoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Model ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Leaf Lifespan ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Sward Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment evaluated the morphogenesis and structure of Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) cultivated in subtropical climate and fertilized with nitrogen (N). The experiment was a completely randomized design with four levels of N (Zero; 75; 150 or 225 kg ha-1) in nine replicates per area. The experimental animals were Suffolk female lambs. The grazing method was continuous to maintain the sward height at 15 cm ± 10%. The stem expansion increased by 0.000027 cm degree-days-1 to each kg N applied (linear model). According to nonlinear model, the highest stem expansion (0.0226 cm degree-days-1) was observed with the use 220.1 kg ha-1 N. The leaf lifespan fitted a linear regression model, with increase of 50 degree-days leaf -1, comparing the levels zero and 225 kg ha-1 of N. According to nonlinear regression model, the longest leaf lifespan (407.1 degree-days) was observed with the use 208.8 kg ha-1 N. With the maintenance of sward height at approximately 15 cm, we recommended to use 200 kg ha-1 N in Tifton 85 cultivated in subtropical climate. 

scholarly journals Ingestive Behavior and Nutritional and Physiological Parameters of Sheep Fed Diets Based on Cashew Byproduct

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clésio dos Santos Costa ◽  
Tallita da Ponte Ribeiro ◽  
Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco Pompeu ◽  
Fernando Lisboa Guedes ◽  
Marco Aurélio Delmondes Bomfim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

Objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior, feed efficiency, and nutritional and physiological parameters of sheep that were fed diets based on byproducts from the processing of cashew. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement with four levels of inclusion (6 %, 11 %, 16 %, and 21 % of cashew byproduct) and two forms of processing—with chemical treatment (CT) and without chemical treatment (NCT). The interaction levels of inclusion of the byproduct of cashew versus chemical treatments was not (P>0.05) for the dry matter intake, consumption of organic matter. No effect was observed (P>0.05) for the intake of dry matter in function of the type of chemical treatment used in the byproduct of cashew. There was no effect of interaction (P<0.05) between levels of inclusion and chemical treatment applied or not on the byproduct of cashew for the coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein (P>0.05). The inclusion of the byproduct of cashew did not influence the behavioral parameters, intake and digestibility of the diets of sheep, being recommended to use up to the level of 21%.

scholarly journals The effect of Indigofera Leaf Flour (Indigofera Sp.) with Cocktail Enzymes Treatment in Male Ducks Feed on Growth Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Irfan H. Djunaidi ◽  
Siti Azizah ◽  
Achadiah Rachmawati ◽  
Heni Setyo Prayogi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Enzyme Treatment ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

This experimental study aims to evaluate the use of Indigofera leaves that have undergone cocktail enzyme treatment in male Mojosari duck feed. The research treatment was using Indigofera leaves due to enzyme cocktail treatment on male Mojosari duck feed with four levels: 0, 5, 10 and 15% of total feed, with six replications (@ five ducks) using 120 ducks in a completely randomized design. The variables measured and observed in this study were the production performance of male ducks, which included feed consumption, body weight growth, feed conversion. The research results were processed by analysis of variance (ANCOVA) because the coefficient of variation in initial body weight was 17.7%. The results showed that the addition of Indigofera leaf meal to the feed of male Mojosari ducks tended to reduce feed consumption (P<0.01) and body weight gain (P<0.05) but did not increase the FCR value (P>0.05). Indigofera flour needs to be processed first with a cocktail enzyme treatment to improve its nutritional quality so that it can be used as feed for ducks in larger quantities. Male Mojosari ducks that are kept need to be harvested at more than seven weeks to get a higher harvest weight.

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