scholarly journals Antigen Sampling CSF1R-Expressing Epithelial Cells Are the Functional Equivalents of Mammalian M Cells in the Avian Follicle-Associated Epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Balic ◽  
Cosmin Chintoan-Uta ◽  
Prerna Vohra ◽  
Kate M. Sutton ◽  
Robin L. Cassady-Cain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium

scholarly journals Identifying human and murine M cells in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 244 (7) ◽  
pp. 554-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Klisuric ◽  
Benjamin Thierry ◽  
Ludivine Delon ◽  
Clive A Prestidge ◽  
Rachel J Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium

M cells are an epithelial cell population found in the follicle-associated epithelium overlying gut-associated lymphoid tissues. They are specialized in the transcytosis of luminal antigens. Their transcytotic capacity and location in an immunocompetent environment has prompted the study of these cells as possible targets for oral drug delivery systems. Currently, the models most commonly used to study M cells are restricted to in vivo experiments conducted in mice, and in vitro studies conducted in models comprised either of primary epithelial cells or established cell lines of murine or human origin. In vitro models of the follicle-associated epithelium can be constructed in several ways. Small intestinal Lgr5+ stem cells can be cultured into a 3D organoid structure where M cells are induced with RANKL administration. Additionally, in vitro models containing an “M cell-like” population can be obtained through co-culturing intestinal epithelial cells with cells of lymphocytic origin to induce the M cell phenotype. The evaluation of the efficiency of the variations of these models and their relevance to the in vivo human system is hampered by the lack of a universal M cell marker. This issue has also hindered the advancement of M cell-specific targeting approaches aimed at improving the bioavailability of orally administered compounds. This critical review discusses the different approaches utilized in the literature to identify M cells, their efficiency, reliability and relevance, in the context of commonly used models of the follicle-associated epithelium. The outcome of this review is a clearly defined and universally recognized criteria for the assessment of the relevance of models of the follicle-associated models currently used. Impact statement The study of M cells, a specialized epithelial cell type found in the follicle-associated epithelium, is hampered by the lack of a universal M cell marker. As such, many studies lack reliable and universally recognized methods to identify M cells in their proposed models. As a result of this it is difficult to ascertain whether the effects observed are due to the presence of M cells or an unaccounted variable. The outcome of this review is the thorough evaluation of the many M cell markers that have been used in the literature thus far and a proposed criterion for the identification of M cells for future publications. This will hopefully lead to an improvement in the quality of future publications in this field.

Co-expression of vimentin and cytokeratins in M cells of rabbit intestinal lymphoid follicle-associated epithelium

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Jepson ◽  
Caroline M. Mason ◽  
Mark K. Bennett ◽  
Nicholas L. Simmons ◽  
Barry H. Hirst
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Follicle ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of EspF Variants in Inhibition of Escherichia coli Phagocytosis by Macrophages and Inhibition of E. coli Translocation through Human- and Bovine-Derived M Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 4716-4729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Tahoun ◽  
Gabriella Siszler ◽  
Kevin Spears ◽  
Sean McAteer ◽  
Jai Tree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Coculture System

ABSTRACTThe EspF protein is secreted by the type III secretion system of enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli(EPEC and EHEC, respectively). EspF sequences differ between EHEC O157:H7, EHEC O26:H11, and EPEC O127:H6 in terms of the number of SH3-binding polyproline-rich repeats and specific residues in these regions, as well as residues in the amino domain involved in cellular localization. EspFO127is important for the inhibition of phagocytosis by EPEC and also limits EPEC translocation through antigen-sampling cells (M cells). EspFO127has been shown to have effects on cellular organelle function and interacts with several host proteins, including N-WASP and sorting nexin 9 (SNX9). In this study, we compared the capacities of differentespFalleles to inhibit (i) bacterial phagocytosis by macrophages, (ii) translocation through an M-cell coculture system, and (iii) uptake by and translocation through cultured bovine epithelial cells. TheespFgene fromE. coliserotype O157 (espFO157) allele was significantly less effective at inhibiting phagocytosis and also had reduced capacity to inhibitE. colitranslocation through a human-derivedin vitroM-cell coculture system in comparison toespFO127andespFO26. In contrast,espFO157was the most effective allele at restricting bacterial uptake into and translocation through primary epithelial cells cultured from the bovine terminal rectum, the predominant colonization site of EHEC O157 in cattle and a site containing M-like cells. Although LUMIER binding assays demonstrated differences in the interactions of the EspF variants with SNX9 and N-WASP, we propose that other, as-yet-uncharacterized interactions contribute to the host-based variation in EspF activity demonstrated here.

scholarly journals Uptake of Ferritin by Follicle-associated Epithelium in the Colon of Calves

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paar ◽  
E. M. Liebler ◽  
J. F. Pohlenz
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Multivesicular Bodies ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Antigen Uptake ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium ◽  
Apical Vesicles ◽  
Lymphoid Nodules

Uptake of macromolecules (e.g., ferritin) by M cells in follicle-associated epithelium in small and large intestine was investigated in three healthy, conventionally raised, 2- to 3-week-old, female Holstein Frisian calves. A 2.5% solution of ferritin was injected into the ligated loops in mid-jejunum, in terminal ileum, in the ascending colon adjacent to the ileocecal junction, and in the proximal loop of the ascending colon containing gut-associated lymphoid tissue. After exposure times that ranged from 82 to 165 minutes, ferritin was detected in M cells of domes in the small intestine, as well as in cells in follicle-associated epithelium of proprial lymphoid nodules and lymphoglandular complexes of colon that morphologically resembled M cells of small intestine. Ferritin was found in apical invaginations, apical vesicles, multivesicular bodies, basal vesicles, and adjacent intercellular spaces. In addition to ferritin, apical vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and intercellular spaces contained 50-nm membrane-bound particles. More ferritin was endocytosed by M cells of the small intestine than by M cells of the large intestine. In the large intestine, higher amounts of ferritin were found in M cells of follicle-associated epithelium overlying proprial lymphoid nodules than in M cells of follicle-associated epithelium in the depth of lymphoglandular complexes. Based on these results, we concluded that M cells of follicle-associated epithelium in the colon of calves provide a route for antigen uptake into the intestinal lymphoid system.

scholarly journals Development of intestinal M cells and follicle-associated epithelium is regulated by TRAF6-mediated NF-κB signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanaya ◽  
Sayuri Sakakibara ◽  
Toshi Jinnohara ◽  
Masami Hachisuka ◽  
Naoko Tachibana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
M Cells ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Antigen Uptake ◽  
Conditional Deletion ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium ◽  
Necrosis Factor

M cells are located in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) that covers Peyer’s patches (PPs) and are responsible for the uptake of intestinal antigens. The differentiation of M cells is initiated by receptor activator of NF-κB. However, the intracellular pathways involved in M cell differentiation are still elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the NF-κB pathway activated by RANK is essential for M cell differentiation using in vitro organoid culture. Overexpression of NF-κB transcription factors enhances the expression of M cell–associated molecules but is not sufficient to complete M cell differentiation. Furthermore, we evaluated the requirement for tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Conditional deletion of TRAF6 in the intestinal epithelium causes a complete loss of M cells in PPs, resulting in impaired antigen uptake into PPs. In addition, the expression of FAE-associated genes is almost silenced in TRAF6-deficient mice. This study thus demonstrates the crucial role of TRAF6-mediated NF-κB signaling in the development of M cells and FAE.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural Study on the Differentiation and the Fate of M cells in Follicle-Associated Epithelium of Rat Peyer's Patch

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko ONISHI ◽  
Toshifumi YOKOYAMA ◽  
Keigi CHIN ◽  
Midori YUJI ◽  
Tetsurou INAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
M Cells ◽  
Peyer’S Patch ◽  
Peyer's Patch ◽  
Follicle Associated Epithelium
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