scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Molecular Variability of Grapevine Fanleaf Virus in Sicily

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Stefano Panno ◽  
Andrea Giovanni Caruso ◽  
Sofia Bertacca ◽  
Antonino Pisciotta ◽  
Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Preliminary Screening ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Das Elisa

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the main causes of grapevine fanleaf degeneration disease (GFDD) and is present in almost all areas where grapevine is cultivated. In this work, we ascertained the presence and spread of GFLV in different commercial vineyards in four Sicilian provinces (Italy), and its genetic structure and molecular variability were studied. In detail, a total of 617 grapevine samples of 11 autochthonous grapevine cultivars were collected in 20 commercial vineyards. Preliminary screening by serological (DAS-ELISA) and molecular (RT-PCR) analyses for ArMV (arabis mosaic virus) and GFLV detection were conducted. Results obtained showed the absence of ArMV in all the samples analyzed, while 48 out of 617 samples gave positive results to GFLV, for a total of 9 out of 11 cultivars analyzed. Phylogenetic analyses carried out on the GFLV-CP gene of 18 Sicilian GFLV sequences selected in this study showed a certain degree of variability among the Sicilian isolates, suggesting a different origin, probably as a consequence of the continuous interchange of GFLV-infected propagating material with other Italian regions or viticultural areas located in other countries.

scholarly journals Survey of five major grapevine viruses infecting Blatina and Žilavka cultivars in Bosnia and Herzegovina

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245959
Author(s):  
Ana Crnogorac ◽  
Stefano Panno ◽  
Ana Mandić ◽  
Mladen Gašpar ◽  
Andrea Giovanni Caruso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Virus Population ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Specific Virus ◽  
Das Elisa ◽  
Selection Of

The sanitary status of grapevines has not yet been considered sufficiently in vineyards throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). An extensive survey of five major grapevine viruses in the country was carried out in 2019. A total of 630 samples from the two dominant autochthonous cultivars, named Žilavka and Blatina, were tested by DAS-ELISA for the presence of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV-1 and 3), grapevine fleck virus (GFkV), grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). Eighty-eight % of the samples were positive for at least one virus, and all five viruses were detected, thought with different incidence, i.e. GLRaV-3 (84%), GFLV (43%), GLRaV-1 (14%), GFkV (10%) and ArMV (0.2%). The majority of infected plants (about 75%) were asymptomatic. Specific virus symptoms were observed in the remaining infected plants, together with the reported GLRaV vectors, Planococcus ficus and Parthenolecanium corni, while nematodes of the Xiphinema genus were not found in the GFLV- or ArMV-infected vineyards. The GLRaV-3 CP phylogenetic analyses showed 75–100% nucleotide identity between the BiH and reference isolates, and the BiH isolates clustered into the major group. The dNS/dS ratio indicated a negative selection of the virus population, and the lack of geographical structuring within the population was observed. In addition, putative GLRaV-3 recombinants with breakpoints in the 5’ of the CP gene were detected, while no recombinant strains were identified for the other four viruses. The obtained results indicate a deteriorated sanitary status of the cultivated grapevines, the prevalence and intraspecies genetic diversity of GLRaV-3 throughout the country. The establishment of certified grapevine material and adequate virus vector control is therefore of primary importance to prevent further spread of these viruses. This study presents the results of the first molecular characterisation of grapevine viruses in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

A Survey for Nine Major Viruses of Grapevines in Tennessee Vineyards

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Nourolah Soltani ◽  
Rongbin Hu ◽  
Darrell D. Hensley ◽  
David L. Lockwood ◽  
Keith. L. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Tomato Ringspot Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Das Elisa

Despite the significance of grape production to the fruit industry in Tennessee (TN), no published information has been available on viruses affecting grapevines in the state. Hence, a survey was conducted during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons to determine the status of nine major viruses of grapevines in TN vineyards by taking advantage of classical serological assays and confirmatory nucleic acid-based diagnostic approaches. A total of 349 samples from 23 grapevine cultivars mostly displaying viral-like symptoms were collected from 23 commercial vineyards. All samples were assayed by DAS-ELISA for arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV)-1, GLRaV-2, GLRaV-3, GLRaV-4, grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), and tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV). Selected serologically positive samples were also tested by RT-PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing of the generated amplicons. Additionally, 19 grapevines displaying symptoms characteristic of grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) were also assayed by PCR followed by confirmatory sequencing-based methods. Collectively, these assays verifiably detected GLRaV-1, GLRaV-2, GLRaV-3, ToRSV, and GRBV in TN vineyards. This is the first record of the presence of these viruses in TN vineyards. ArMV, GLRaV-4, GFLV, and TRSV were not detected. The majority of samples tested positive for a single virus, whereas mixed infections with more than one virus were detected in 37% of samples.

scholarly journals Mapping of the occurrence of grapevine viruses: GFLV and ArMV in vineyards of the grapevine breeding station Polešovice

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Pavel Pavloušek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Positive Results

Due to their worldwide distribution and also detrimental potential virus diseases of grapevine are economically very important. In grapevine plants Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) is one of the most harmful virus pathogens. The aim of this study was evaluate the occurrence of GFLV and ArMV in vineyards of the Grapevine Breeding Station Polešovice (Czech Republic) using the ELISA test and visual symptoms. In every year from 2001–2004 altogether 225 grapevine plants were tested for the occurrence of GFLV and ArMV. In case of GFLV positive results were obtained in 43 plants, i. e. in 19.11% of all samples. In case of ArMV there were 51 positive tests, i.e. 22.66%. Our results demonstrated a occurrence of GFLV and ArMV in propagation vineyards, which was comparable with results obtained abroad. It was also demonstrated that a professional visual selection could provide a good basis for the identification of virus diseases and their subsequent tests.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Evolution, and Biological Effects of Grapevine fanleaf virus Satellite RNAs

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1180-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gottula ◽  
D. Lapato ◽  
K. Cantilina ◽  
S. Saito ◽  
B. Bartlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Helper Virus ◽  
Type B ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Genomic Rnas ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Satellite Rnas

Large satellite RNAs (type B satRNAs) of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) from the genus Nepovirus, family Secoviridae were identified in a naturally infected vineyard and a grapevine germplasm collection. These GFLV satRNA variants had a higher nucleotide sequence identity with satRNAs of Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) strains NW and J86 (93.8 to 94.6%) than with the satRNA of GFLV strain F13 and those of other ArMV strains (68.3 to 75.0%). Phylogenetic analyses showed no distinction of GFLV and ArMV satRNAs with respect to the identity of the helper virus. Seven stretches of 8 to 15 conserved nucleotides (I-VII) were identified in the 5′ region of subgroup A nepovirus genomic RNAs GFLV, ArMV, and Grapevine deformation virus) and nepovirus type B satRNAs, including previously reported motif I, suggesting that large satRNAs might have originated from recombination between an ancestral subgroup A nepovirus RNA and an unknown RNA sequence with the 5′ region acting as a putative cis-replication element. A comparative analysis of two GFLV strains carrying or absent of satRNAs showed no discernable effect on virus accumulation and symptom expression in Chenopodium quinoa, a systemic herbaceous host. This work sheds light on the origin and biological effects of large satRNAs associated with subgroup A nepoviruses.

Genetic structure and molecular variability of Grapevine fanleaf virus populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 152 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Oliver ◽  
E. Vigne ◽  
M. Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Molecular Variability

scholarly journals Suitability of the date of grapevine tissue sampling for tests of GFLV and ArMV presence using ELISA method

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Pavel Pavloušek
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Intensive Growth

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) are two important agents from the Nepoviruses genus. At present, serodiagnostic method is one of routine methods of virus pathogens testing also in grapevines. The aim of this study was to determine a suitable date of grapevine tissue sampling using the ELISA method and to follow visible symptoms of GFVL and ArMV infestation of vines. Positive results of tests for the occurrence of GFLV were obtained in the following growth stages: B (intensive growth – growth apex), C (beginning of flowering – young leaves) and D (beginning of flowering – inflorescence). Samples evaluated by ELISA method as positive for ArMV were found out in growth stages B (intensive growth – growth apex) and C (beginning of flowering – inflorescence). In all other stages the results of performed tests were negative. It is concluded that the stage B (intensive growth – growth apex) seems to be the most suitable for sampling of grapevine tissue.

First Detection of Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco Fields in Northern Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Obeid ◽  
Elias Wehbe ◽  
Mohamad Rima ◽  
Mohammad Kabara ◽  
Romeo Al Bersaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Das Elisa

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most known virus in the plant mosaic virus family and is able to infect a wide range of crops, in particularly tobacco, causing a production loss. Objectives: Herein, and for the first time in Lebanon, we investigated the presence of TMV infection in crops by analyzing 88 samples of tobacco, tomato, cucumber and pepper collected from different regions in North Lebanon. Methods: Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), revealed a potential TMV infection of four tobacco samples out of 88 crops samples collected. However, no tomato, cucumber and pepper samples were infected. The TMV+ tobacco samples were then extensively analyzed by RT-PCR to detect viral RNA using different primers covering all the viral genome. Results and Discussion: PCR results confirmed those of DAS-ELISA showing TMV infection of four tobacco samples collected from three crop fields of North Lebanon. In only one of four TMV+ samples, we were able to amplify almost all the regions of viral genome, suggesting possible mutations in the virus genome or an infection with a new, not yet identified, TMV strain. Conclusion: Our study is the first in Lebanon revealing TMV infection in crop fields, and highlighting the danger that may affect the future of agriculture.

scholarly journals Studies on the Occurrence of Viruses in Planting Material of Grapevines in Southwestern Germany

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Noemi Messmer ◽  
Patricia Bohnert ◽  
Stefan Schumacher ◽  
René Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽  
Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus ◽  
Propagation Material

Viral diseases in viticulture lead to annual losses in the quantity and quality of grape production. Since no direct control measures are available in practice, preventive measures are taken to keep the vines healthy. These include, for example, the testing of propagation material for viruses such as Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) or Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) and 3 (GLRaV-3). As long-term investigations have shown, GLRaV-1 (2.1%) occurs most frequently in southwestern German wine-growing regions, whereas GLRaV-3 (<0.1%) is almost never found. However, tests conducted over 12 years indicate that there is no general decline in virus-infected planting material. Thus, it can be assumed that a spread of the viruses via corresponding vectors still takes place unhindered. Beyond the examinations regulated within the German Wine Growing Ordinance, one-time tests were carried out on Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This analysis showed that GPGV was found in 17.2% of the samples.

scholarly journals Noise at the time of COVID 19: The impact in some areas in Rome and Milan, Italy

Noise Mapping ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Rosa Maria Alsina Pagès ◽  
Francesc Alías ◽  
Patrizia Bellucci ◽  
Pier Paolo Cartolano ◽  
Ilaria Coppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed in Italy at the end of January 2020, when the first positive cases for the virus were identified. At the beginning of March, the virus had spread to all Italian regions and on 10 March 2020 the lockdown phase began, limiting the movement of people and prohibiting almost all commercial activities, businesses and non-essential industries. As a result, millions of people were forced to stay at home, causing a drastic drop in traffic volume, which significantly changed the acoustic environment and air quality of cities. On 4 May 2020, the lockdown was partially lifted and activities were progressively reopened. Therefore, traffic gradually started to increase and, consequently, the noise emitted by motor vehicles. This behaviour was confirmed by the data collected by the DYNAMAP system, an automatic platform developed within the LIFE DYNAMAP project, providing real time traffic noise maps in terms of sound pressure levels and impacts at receivers (people and dwellings exposed to noise level bands). In this paper traffic and non-traffic-related noise events in the cities of Rome and Milan from March to May 2020 are analysed and compared to the corresponding values in 2019 to evaluate the effects of the lockdown period.

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