scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Three Trypanosomatid Catalases of Different Origin

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Ľubomíra Chmelová ◽  
Claretta Bianchi ◽  
Amanda T. S. Albanaz ◽  
Jana Režnarová ◽  
Richard Wheeler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Cyanide Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Sources ◽  
Bacterial Groups ◽  
Different Origin

Most trypanosomatid flagellates do not have catalase. In the evolution of this group, the gene encoding catalase has been independently acquired at least three times from three different bacterial groups. Here, we demonstrate that the catalase of Vickermania was obtained by horizontal gene transfer from Gammaproteobacteria, extending the list of known bacterial sources of this gene. Comparative biochemical analyses revealed that the enzymes of V. ingenoplastis, Leptomonas pyrrhocoris, and Blastocrithidia sp., representing the three independent catalase-bearing trypanosomatid lineages, have similar properties, except for the unique cyanide resistance in the catalase of the latter species.

scholarly journals Contribution of Horizontal Gene Transfer to the Evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Hall ◽  
Sophie Brachat ◽  
Fred S. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Saccharomyces Bayanus ◽  
Potential Case ◽  
Bacterial Sources ◽  
Alpha Proteobacteria

ABSTRACT The genomes of the hemiascomycetes Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Ashbya gossypii have been completely sequenced, allowing a comparative analysis of these two genomes, which reveals that a small number of genes appear to have entered these genomes as a result of horizontal gene transfer from bacterial sources. One potential case of horizontal gene transfer in A. gossypii and 10 potential cases in S. cerevisiae were identified, of which two were investigated further. One gene, encoding the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHOD), is potentially a case of horizontal gene transfer, as shown by sequencing of this gene from additional bacterial and fungal species to generate sufficient data to construct a well-supported phylogeny. The DHOD-encoding gene found in S. cerevisiae, URA1 (YKL216W), appears to have entered the Saccharomycetaceae after the divergence of the S. cerevisiae lineage from the Candida albicans lineage and possibly since the divergence from the A. gossypii lineage. This gene appears to have come from the Lactobacillales, and following its acquisition the endogenous eukaryotic DHOD gene was lost. It was also shown that the bacterially derived horizontally transferred DHOD is required for anaerobic synthesis of uracil in S. cerevisiae. The other gene discussed in detail is BDS1, an aryl- and alkyl-sulfatase gene of bacterial origin that we have shown allows utilization of sulfate from several organic sources. Among the eukaryotes, this gene is found in S. cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus and appears to derive from the alpha-proteobacteria.

scholarly journals Genomic Islands in the Corynebacterium efficiens Genome

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 3126-3130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Zhang ◽  
Chun-Ting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Aspartate Kinase ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Profile Method ◽  
Adaptive Mutations ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

ABSTRACT Corynebacterium efficiens is a gram-positive nonpathogenic bacterium which can grow and produce glutamate at 40°C or above. By using the cumulative GC profile method, we have identified four genomic islands which have many unifying genomic island-specific features in the C. efficiens genome. The presence of the gene encoding an aspartate kinase in a genomic island helps explain the unexpected low thermal stability of this enzyme; i.e., the adaptive mutations have not occurred extensively due to the recent horizontal gene transfer.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotypes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from Alberta poultry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam Tran ◽  
Sylvia Checkley ◽  
Niamh Caffrey ◽  
Rashed Cassis ◽  
Chunu Mainali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Class 1

AbstractHorizontal gene transfer is an important mechanism which facilitates bacterial populations in overcoming antimicrobial treatment. In this study, a total of 120 Escherichia coli and 62 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates were isolated from poultry farms in Alberta. Fourteen serovars were identified among Salmonella isolates. Thirty one percent of E. coli isolates were multiclass drug resistant (resistant to ≥ 3 drug classes), while only about 16% of Salmonella isolates were multiclass drug resistant. Among those, eight E. coli isolates had an AmpC-type phenotype, and one Salmonella isolate had an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-type β-lactamase phenotype. We identified both AmpC-type (blaCMY-2) and ESBL-type (blaTEM) genes in both E. coli and Salmonella isolates. Plasmids from eight of nine E. coli and Salmonella isolates were transferred to recipient strain E. coli J53 through conjugation. Transferable plasmids in above total eight E. coli and Salmonella isolates were also transferred into a lab-made sodium azide-resistant Salmonella recipient through conjugation. The class 1 integrase gene, int1, was detected on plasmids from two E. coli isolates. Further investigation of class 1 integron cassette regions revealed the presence of an aadA gene encoding streptomycin 3”-adenylyltransferase, an aadA1a/aadA2 gene encoding aminoglycoside 3”-O-adenyltransferase, and a putative adenylyltransferase gene. This study provides some insight into potential horizontal gene transfer events of antimicrobial resistance genes between E. coli and Salmonella in poultry production.

scholarly journals Longitudinal study of vinyl chloride degrading Dehalococcoides mccartyi-containing cultures to promote horizontal gene transfer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Morson ◽  
Olivia Molenda ◽  
Katherine J. Picott ◽  
Ruth E. Richardson ◽  
Elizabeth A. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Genetic Transfer ◽  
Dehalococcoides Mccartyi ◽  
Chlorinated Solvent ◽  
Multiple Strains

ABSTRACTVinyl chloride (VC) is a human carcinogen that accumulates in soil and groundwater due to incomplete dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes. Some strains of obligate organohalide respiring Dehalococcoides mccartyi can synthesize the VC reductase that catalyzes the dechlorination of VC to ethene. The gene encoding the VC reductase, vcrA, is found on a mobile genetic element called the vcrA-Genomic Island (GI) that may participate in horizontal gene transfer. We designed an experiment to try to induce horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA-GI by mixing two enrichment cultures: one containing the donor D. mccartyi strain with the vcrA-GI that could not fix nitrogen and the second containing the recipient strain devoid of the vcrA-GI that could fix nitrogen. Therefore, mixing the two cultures in medium without ammonium while providing VC as the sole electron acceptor was hypothesized to select for a mutant strain of D. mccartyi that could both fix nitrogen and respire VC. However, after over 4 years of incubation, no evidence for horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA-GI was found. Rather, we observed VC-dechlorinating activity attributed to the TCE reductase, TceA, in the recipient strain. We also observed that D. mccartyi can grow by scavenging low concentrations of fixed nitrogen sources. During this experiment we identified two additional D. mccartyi strains in the KB-1 TCE-enriched culture that could fix nitrogen. The presence of multiple strains of D. mccartyi with distinct phenotypes may enhance bioaugmentation success, but here it may have undermined attempts to force horizontal gene transfer of the vcrA-GI.IMPORTANCEDehalococcoides mccartyi are a powerful bioremediation tool for the degradation of chlorinated solvent contamination in soil and groundwater. Only a few D. mccartyi strains have the ability to dechlorinate toxic chlorinated compounds like vinyl chloride. Interestingly, the genetic ability to dechlorinate vinyl chloride is theorized to be shared among D. mccartyi strains. In this study we attempted to promote the genetic transfer of vinyl chloride degrading ability from one D. mccartyi strain to another. Although we did not observe this exchange, our findings suggest there may be restrictions of genetic transfer between specific clades or sub-groups of D. mccartyi strains. Developing our understanding of genetic transfer among D. mccartyi strains could allow for enhanced degradation of chlorinated solvent contamination in situ.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of AmpC and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Phenotypes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella From Alberta Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam Tran ◽  
Sylvia Checkley ◽  
Niamh Caffrey ◽  
Chunu Mainali ◽  
Sheryl Gow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1

Horizontal gene transfer is an important mechanism which facilitates bacterial populations in overcoming antimicrobial treatment. In this study, a total of 120 Escherichia coli and 62 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates were isolated from broiler chicken farms in Alberta. Fourteen serovars were identified among Salmonella isolates. Thirty one percent of E. coli isolates (37/120) were multiclass drug resistant (resistant to ≥ 3 drug classes), while only about 16% of Salmonella isolates (10/62) were multiclass drug resistant. Among those, eight E. coli isolates had an AmpC-type phenotype, and one Salmonella isolate had an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-type beta-lactamase phenotype. We identified both AmpC-type (blaCMY-2) and ESBL-type (blaTEM) genes in both E. coli and Salmonella isolates. Plasmids from eight of nine E. coli and Salmonella isolates were transferred to recipient strain E. coli J53 through conjugation. Transferable plasmids in the eight E. coli and Salmonella isolates were also transferred into a lab-made sodium azide-resistant Salmonella recipient through conjugation. The class 1 integrase gene, int1, was detected on plasmids from two E. coli isolates. Further investigation of class 1 integron cassette regions revealed the presence of an aadA gene encoding streptomycin 3’’-adenylyltransferase, an aadA1a/aadA2 gene encoding aminoglycoside 3’’-O-adenyltransferase, and a putative adenylyltransferase gene. This study provides some insight into potential horizontal gene transfer events of antimicrobial resistance genes between E. coli and Salmonella in broiler chicken production.

Comparative analysis of magnetosome gene clusters in magnetotactic bacteria provides further evidence for horizontal gene transfer

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1267-1277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Jogler ◽  
Michael Kube ◽  
Sabrina Schübbe ◽  
Susanne Ullrich ◽  
Hanno Teeling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Magnetotactic Bacteria

scholarly journals Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer as Origin of Putrescine Production in Oenococcus oeni RM83

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 7954-7958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela Marcobal ◽  
Blanca de las Rivas ◽  
M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas ◽  
Rosario Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Oenococcus Oeni ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Transfer Event ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Phage Proteins ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT The nucleotide sequence of a 17.2-kb chromosomal DNA fragment containing the odc gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase has been determined in the putrescine producer Oenococcus oeni RM83. This DNA fragment contains 13 open reading frames, including genes coding for five transposases and two phage proteins. This description might represent the first evidence of a horizontal gene transfer event as the origin of a biogenic amine biosynthetic locus.

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