scholarly journals The Unsolved Puzzle of c-Rel in B Cell Lymphoma

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maike Kober-Hasslacher ◽  
Marc Schmidt-Supprian
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Gene Locus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Protein Localization ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Human B Cell

Aberrant constitutive activation of Rel/NF-κB transcription factors is a hallmark of numerous cancers. Of the five Rel family members, c-Rel has the strongest direct links to tumorigenesis. c-Rel is the only member that can malignantly transform lymphoid cells in vitro. Furthermore, c-Rel is implicated in human B cell lymphoma through the frequent occurrence of REL gene locus gains and amplifications. In normal physiology, high c-Rel expression predominates in the hematopoietic lineage and a diverse range of stimuli can trigger enhanced expression and activation of c-Rel. Both expression and activation of c-Rel are tightly regulated on multiple levels, indicating the necessity to keep its functions under control. In this review we meta-analyze and integrate studies reporting gene locus aberrations to provide an overview on the frequency of REL gains in human B cell lymphoma subtypes, namely follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. We also summarize current knowledge on c-Rel expression and protein localization in these human B cell lymphomas and discuss the co-amplification of BCL11A with REL. In addition, we highlight and illustrate key pathways of c-Rel activation and regulation with a specific focus on B cell biology.

scholarly journals CD81 is a novel immunotherapeutic target for B cell lymphoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (7) ◽  
pp. 1497-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Vences-Catalán ◽  
Chiung-Chi Kuo ◽  
Ranjani Rajapaksa ◽  
Caroline Duault ◽  
Noemi Andor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Human Lymphoma ◽  
Human B Cell

The tetraspanin CD81 was initially discovered by screening mAbs elicited against a human B cell lymphoma for their direct antiproliferative effects. We now show that 5A6, one of the mAbs that target CD81, has therapeutic potential. This antibody inhibits the growth of B cell lymphoma in a xenograft model as effectively as rituximab, which is a standard treatment for B cell lymphoma. Importantly, unlike rituximab, which depletes normal as well as malignant B cells, 5A6 selectively kills human lymphoma cells from fresh biopsy specimens while sparing the normal lymphoid cells in the tumor microenvironment. The 5A6 antibody showed a good safety profile when administered to a mouse transgenic for human CD81. Taken together, these data provide the rationale for the development of the 5A6 mAb and its humanized derivatives as a novel treatment against B cell lymphoma.

Clustering of extensive somatic mutations in the variable region of an immunoglobulin heavy chain gene from a human B cell lymphoma

Cell ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Cleary ◽  
Timothy C. Meeker ◽  
Shoshana Levy ◽  
Elizabeth Lee ◽  
Martha Trela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Human B Cell

scholarly journals Intravascular Large B Cell Lymphoma of the Breast: A Rare Entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822342110507
Author(s):  
Nitya Prabhakaran ◽  
Hassan Sheikh ◽  
Xinmin Zhang ◽  
Silvat Sheikh-Fayyaz
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large B Cell

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare and high-grade disease of neoplastic lymphoid cells within the vascular lumina of small- to medium-sized vessels. The disease carries a grim prognosis despite robust treatment protocols. We discuss the case of a 58-year-old female who presented with mammographic screening abnormality which led to more investigations and ultimately to this diagnosis. The patient had no prior history of a lymphoma or in situ and invasive carcinoma of the breast. To our knowledge, IVLBCL of the breast is a very rare and an unusual location for this type of a lymphoma and so far, only five reported cases. Through our case report, we not only discuss the case but also review literature on this rare entity.

scholarly journals Primary Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma involving the Mandible

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan H Ahmad ◽  
Sukumaran Anil ◽  
Abdulsalam S Aljabab ◽  
Ibraheem HM Motabi ◽  
Abdullah Alrashed
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Rare Malignancy ◽  
B Lymphoid ◽  
Immunologic Profile ◽  
Large B Cell

ABSTRACT Lymphomas of the oral cavity are rare and typically present as intraosseous lesions that are most commonly diffuse large B-cell type. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma histologically characterized by diffuse proliferation of large neoplastic B-lymphoid cells with a nuclear size equal to or exceeding normal histiocytic nuclei. A case of DLBCL of the mandible in an 18 years old male patient is presented. This report discusses this rare malignancy, including clinical presentation, histopathologic features, immunologic profile, treatment and prognosis. Though lymphoma of mandible is rare, it must be considered in differential diagnosis of swellings arising in the region. How to cite this article Alshahrani FAA, Aljabab AS, Motabi IHM, Alrashed A, Anil S. Primary Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma involving the Mandible. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(10):840-844.

Transformation of Monocytoid B-Cell Lymphoma to Large Cell Lymphoma Associated With Crystal-Storing Histiocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-462
Author(s):  
Phataraporn Thorson ◽  
Jay L. Hess
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Monocytoid B Cell

Abstract We report a case of crystal-storing histiocytosis associated with large cell lymphoma in a patient with a history of monocytoid B-cell lymphoma 10 years previously. The cervical lymph node biopsy showed a diffuse proliferation of large lymphocytes with vesicular nuclear chromatin and distinct nucleoli. These lymphocytes were associated with numerous immunoglobulin λ light-chain crystal-storing histiocytes, which morphologically resembled rhabdomyoblasts. Occasional lymphoid cells also showed large immunoglobulin crystals. This case establishes the association of crystal-storing histiocytes with lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and emphasizes the need for immunophenotyping to distinguish these unusual cases from other tumors, particularly adult rhabdomyomas.

Initial experience with treatment of human B cell lymphoma with anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody

1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hekman ◽  
A. Honselaar ◽  
W. M. J. Vuist ◽  
J. J. Sein ◽  
S. Rodenhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Human B Cell

scholarly journals Genetics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (21) ◽  
pp. 2307-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pasqualucci ◽  
Riccardo Dalla-Favera
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Epigenetic Remodeling ◽  
Large B Cell

Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most frequent subtype of lymphoid malignancy, remains a significant clinical challenge, as ∼30% of patients are not cured. Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease, spurred by the implementation of powerful genomic technologies that enabled the definition of its genetic and epigenetic landscape. These studies have uncovered a multitude of genomic alterations that contribute to the initiation and maintenance of the tumor clone by disrupting biological functions known to be critical for the normal biology of its cells of origin, germinal center B cells. The identified alterations involve epigenetic remodeling, block of differentiation, escape from immune surveillance, and the constitutive activation of several signal transduction pathways. This wealth of new information offers unique opportunities for the development of improved diagnostic and prognostic tools that could help guide the clinical management of DLBCL patients. Furthermore, a number of the mutated genes identified are potentially actionable targets that are currently being explored for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge of the most common genetic alterations associated with DLBCL in relation to their functional impact on the malignant transformation process, and discusses their clinical implications for mechanism-based therapeutics.

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