scholarly journals Radial Growth Response of Abies georgei to Climate at the Upper Timberlines in Central Hengduan Mountains, Southwestern China

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingcai Yin ◽  
Derong Xu ◽  
Kun Tian ◽  
Derong Xiao ◽  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Trend ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Monthly Total Precipitation ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change has an inevitable impact on tree radial growth, particularly at mountain timeberlines. To understand climate effects on conifer radial growth in the central Hengduan Mountains, and the potential impacts of future climate change on conifer forests, we studied the growth responses to climate variables in Abies georgei, the major tree species of conifer forest in the Hengduan Mountains. We collected tree ring samples from four sites near the timberlines and analyzed the relationship between principle components (PC#1) of four chronologies and climatic variables (monthly mean temperature and monthly total precipitation) by using response function analysis (RFA), redundancy analysis (RDA), and moving interval analysis (MIA). A. georgei growth was affected by both temperature (positive effects) and precipitation (negative effects). Specifically, the radial growth of A. georgei was significantly and positively correlated with current July (by 6.1%) and previous November temperature (by 17.3%) (detected by both RFA and RDA), while precipitation of current June (by 6.6%) and September (by 11.7%) inhibited tree growth (detected by RDA). More rapid warming in the most recent 20 years (1990–2010) clearly enhanced growth responses to July and November temperature, whereas the relationship was weakened for June and September precipitation, according to MIA. Under the climate trend of the study area, if the increasing temperature could offset the negative effects of excessive precipitation, A. georgei radial growth would likely benefit from warming.

scholarly journals Radial Growth Response of Abies georgei to Climate at the Upper Timberlines in Central Hengduan Mountains, Southwestern China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingcai Yin ◽  
Derong Xu ◽  
Kun Tian ◽  
Derong Xiao ◽  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Trend ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Climate change has a inevitable impacts on tree radial growth, particularly at mountain timeberlines. To understand climate effects on conifer radial growth in the central Hengduan Mountains and potential impacts of future climate change on conifer forest, we studied growth responses to climate variables in Abies georgei, the major tree species of conifer forest in Hengduan Mountains. We collected tree ring samples from four sites near the timberlines and analyzed the relationship between principle components (PC#1) of four chronologies and climatic variables by using response function analysis (RFA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and moving interval analysis (MIA). A. georgei growth was affected by both temperature (positive effects) and precipitation (negative effects). Specifically, the radial growth of A. georgei was significantly and positively correlated with current July and previous November temperature (detected by both RFA and RDA), while precipitation of current June and September inhibited tree growth (detected by RDA). More rapid warming in recent 20 years (1990–2010) clearly enhanced growth responses to July and November temperature, whereas the relationship was weaken for June and September precipitation according to MIA. Under the climate trend of the study area, if the increasing temperature could offset the negative effects of excessive precipitation, A. georgei radial growth would likely benefit from warming, the dynamics of conifer forest should also consider indirect impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals Radial Growth Responses to Climate of Pinus yunnanensis at Low Elevations of the Hengduan Mountains, China

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Lian Sun ◽  
Yanpeng Cai ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Shiyuan Shi ◽  
Yesi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Pinus Yunnanensis ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between climate and forest is critical to understanding the influence of future climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. Research on trees at high elevations has uncovered the relationship in the Hengduan Mountains region, a critical biodiversity hotspot area in southwestern China. The relationship for the area at low elevations below 2800 m a.s.l. in the region remains unclear. In this study, we developed tree ring width chronologies of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. at five sites with elevations of 1170–1725 m in this area. Monthly precipitation, relative humidity, maximum/mean/minimum air temperature and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), a drought indicator with a multi-timescale, were used to investigate the radial growth-climate relationship. Results show that the growth of P. yunnanensis at different sites has a similar response pattern to climate variation. Relative humidity, precipitation, and air temperature in the dry season, especially in its last month (May), are critical to the radial growth of trees. Supplemental precipitation amounts and reduced mean or maximum air temperature can promote tree growth. The high correlations between chronologies and SPEI indicate that the radial growth of trees at the low elevations of the region is significantly limited by the moisture availability. Precipitation in the last month of the previous wet season determines the drought regime in the following dry seasons. In spite of some differences in the magnitudes of correlations in the low-elevation area of the Hengduan Mountains region, chronologies generally matched well with each other at different elevations, and the differences are not evident with the change in elevation.

Exploring privacy and trust for employee monitoring

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchih Ernest Chang ◽  
Anne Yenching Liu ◽  
Sungmin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Employee Monitoring ◽  
Communication Privacy ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate privacy boundaries and explores employees’ reactions in employee monitoring. Design/methodology/approach – The research used the metaphor of boundary turbulence in the Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory to demonstrate the psychological effect on employees. The model comprised organizational culture, CPM, trust, and employee performance in employee monitoring to further investigated the influence exerted by organizational culture and how employees viewed their trust within the organization when implementing employee monitoring. Variables were measured empirically by administrating questionnaires to full-time employees in organizations that currently practice employee monitoring. Findings – The findings showed that a control-oriented organizational culture raised communication privacy turbulence in CPM. The communication privacy turbulence in CPM mostly had negative effects on trust in employee monitoring policy, but not on trust in employee monitoring members. Both trust in employee monitoring policy and trust in employee monitoring members had positive effects on employee commitment and compliance to employee monitoring. Research limitations/implications – This research applied the CPM theory in workplace privacy to explore the relationship between employees’ privacy and trust. The results provide insights of why employees feel psychological resistance when they are forced to accept the practice of employee monitoring. In addition, this study explored the relationship between CPM and trust, and offer support and verification to prior studies. Practical implications – For practitioners, the findings help organizations to improve the performance of their employees and to design a more effective environment for employee monitoring. Originality/value – A research model was proposed to study the impacts of CPM on employee monitoring, after a broad survey on related researches. The validated model and its corresponding study results can be referenced by organization managers and decision makers to make favorable tactics for achieving their goals of implementing employee monitoring.

scholarly journals Revival of traditional best practices for rangeland restoration under climate change in the dry areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-659
Author(s):  
Azaiez Ouled Belgacem ◽  
Farah Ben Salem ◽  
Mouldi Gamoun ◽  
Roukaya Chibani ◽  
Mounir Louhaichi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dry Areas ◽  
Southern Tunisia ◽  
Grazing Systems

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the benefits of reintroducing traditional grazing systems practices for improving arid rangelands. Grazing is the most extensive land use in southern Tunisia, but the rangelands have suffered many decades of severe degradation due to profound socioeconomic changes and the emergence of an agro-pastoral society in place of the former pastoral one. Traditional grazing systems (gdel and herd mobility), which had historically allowed for grazing deferment and control of grazing livestock were abandoned. Yet grazing management strategies are important tools to sustain integrated livestock rangeland production systems in dry areas in the face of ongoing climate change and human pressure. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses the revival of traditional best practices of rangeland resting in a representative community. Total plant cover, species composition, flora richness and range production were determined in six rangeland sites subjected respectively to one, two and three years of rest; one and two years of light grazing after rest; and free grazing (control). Findings Results showed that dry rangelands keep their resilience to the negative effects of climate change once human pressure is controlled. A maximum of two years of rest is enough to sustainably manage the rangelands in southern Tunisia, as this protection showed considerable and positive effects on the parameters scored. Originality/value The revival of the traditional best practices under new arrangements adapted to current biophysical and socioeconomic conditions would be an excellent tool to mitigate the negative effects of frequent droughts and reduce the animal feed costs that poor farmers face.

In-stream wetland deposits, megadroughts, and cultural change in the northern Atacama Desert, Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig D. Tully ◽  
Jason A. Rech ◽  
T. Race Workman ◽  
Calogero M. Santoro ◽  
José M. Capriles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Synoptic Climatology ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractA key concern regarding current and future climate change is the possibility of sustained droughts that can have profound impacts on societies. As such, multiple paleoclimatic proxies are needed to identify megadroughts, the synoptic climatology responsible for these droughts, and their impacts on past and future societies. In the hyperarid Atacama Desert of northern Chile, many streams are characterized by perennial flow and support dense in-stream wetlands. These streams possess sequences of wetland deposits as fluvial terraces that record past changes in the water table. We mapped and radiocarbon dated a well-preserved sequence of in-stream wetland deposits along a 4.3-km reach of the Río San Salvador in the Calama basin to determine the relationship between regional climate change and the incision of in-stream wetlands. The Río San Salvador supported dense wetlands from 11.1 to 9.8, 6.4 to 3.5, 2.8 to 1.3, and 1.0 to 0.5 ka and incised at the end of each of these intervals. Comparison with other in-stream wetland sequences in the Atacama Desert, and with regional paleoclimatic archives, indicates that in-stream wetlands responded similarly to climatic changes by incising during periods of extended drought at ~9.8, 3.5, 1.3, and 0.5 ka.

International Market Orientation and International Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Escandón-Barbosa ◽  
Miguel Hernandez-Espallardo ◽  
Augusto Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
International Market ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
International Sales

The literature in the field of internationalization has managed to link other areas of knowledge such as marketing to give an explanation to the establishment of strategies to survive in international markets. In this sense, the concept of international market orientation emerges that manages to explain how businesses design a strategy to improve the satisfaction of customer needs in international contexts. The purpose of this article is finding the factors that influence the relationship between the international market orientation and international results. In turn, the directors of export SME´s should be aware that entering international markets prematurely and achieving a significant percentage by volume of international sales does not necessarily guarantee better international performance. They should search for other types of resources or capabilities that permit better possibilities of obtaining competitive advantage in the long-term, such as the adoption of an international market orientation, which makes it possible to evaluate and analyze the internal and external factors present in a company’s internal dynamics. To achieve this objective is taken as the unit of analysis Colombian exporters companies through a sample of 319 surveys and that are processed in a hierarchical regression analysis. The main findings confirm that adopt a strategy of international orientation relative to other strategies such as innovative and entrepreneurial orientation does have positive effects on the internationalization of companies. However, this strategy has a tendency to saturation and therefore can generate negative effects on the international results.

scholarly journals Local-Scale Thermal History Influences Metabolic Response of Marine Invertebrates To Warming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Racine E. Rangel ◽  
Cascade J.B. Sorte
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Tide Pool ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract As climate change continues, anticipating species’ responses to rising temperatures, requires an understanding of the relationship between metabolic rate and thermal sensitivity, which itself may vary over space and time. We measured metabolic rates of three representative marine invertebrate species (hermit crabs Pagurus hirsutiusculus, periwinkle snails Littorina sitkana, and mussels Mytilus trossulus) and evaluated the relationship between thermal sensitivity (Q10) and thermal history. We tested the hypothesis that thermal history drives thermal sensitivity and quantified how this relationship differs over time (short-term to seasonal time scales) and between species. Organisms were collected from tide pools in Sitka, Alaska where we also recorded temperatures to characterize thermal history prior to metabolic rate assays. Using respirometry, we estimated mass-specific oxygen consumption (MO2) at ambient and increased temperatures for one individual per species per tide pool across three seasons. We evaluated relationships between thermal sensitivity and pool temperatures for time periods ranging from 1 day to 3 months prior to collection. For all species, thermal sensitivity was related to thermal history for the shorter time periods (1 day to 1 week). However, the direction of the relationships and most important thermal parameters (i.e., maximum, mean, or range) differed between species and seasons. We found that on average, P. hirsutiusculus and L. sitkana were more thermally sensitive than M. trossulus. These findings show that variability in thermal history over small spatial scales influences individuals’ metabolic response to warming and may be indicative of these species’ ability to acclimate to future climate change.

scholarly journals Lodgepole pine and interior spruce radial growth response to climate and topography in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, Alberta

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Frances Ackerman ◽  
David Goldblum
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Canadian Rocky Mountains ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Interior Spruce

Climate change may have spatially variable impacts on growth of trees in topographically diverse environments, making generalizing across broad spatial and temporal extents inappropriate. Therefore, topography must be considered when analyzing growth response to climate. We address these topo-climatic relationships in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, focusing on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Louden) and interior spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss × Picea engelmannii hybrid Parry) growth response to climate, Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), aspect, and slope angle. Climate variables correlate with older lodgepole pine growth on south- and west-facing slopes, including previous August temperature, winter and spring precipitation, and previous late-summer and current spring PDSI, but younger lodgepole pine were generally less sensitive to climate. Climate variables correlate with interior spruce growth on all slope aspects, with winter temperature and PDSI important for young and old individuals. Numerous monthly growth–climate correlations are not temporally stable, with shifts over the past century, and response differs by slope aspect and angle. Both species are likely to be negatively affected by moisture stress in the future in some, but not all, topographic environments. Results suggest species-specific and site-specific spatiotemporally diverse climate–growth responses, indicating that climate change is likely to have spatially variable impacts on radial growth response in mountainous environments.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Tanaman Hias untuk Meningkatkan Fasilitas Terapi Anak

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Michael Isnaeni Djim ◽  
Yolanda Demetrius
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship

In certain circumstances children need to get therapy for supporting their growth and recovering their health. There are at least three types of therapy which are physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy. The existence of ornamental plants are believed to bring positive effects on therapy for children in condition that the ornamental plants concern positive and negative effects of the therapy activities. This study tried to determine the relationship between the types of therapy activities with the choice of ornamental plants. The result showed that the diversity of colors and scents of different types of plants can improve therapy facilities for children by concerning the therapy characteristics and the compliance with plant characteristics.

Muslim Tourist Religiosity, Perceived Values, Satisfaction, and Loyalty

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Alexander Preko ◽  
Iddrisu Mohammed ◽  
Leeford Edem Kojo Ameyibor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tourist Satisfaction ◽  
Perceived Values ◽  
Muslim Religiosity ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationships among Muslim tourists' perceived values, satisfaction, loyalty, and the moderating effect of religiosity. These relationships are explored with a sample of 396 Ghanaian Muslim tourists visiting Larabanga Mosque. Structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis were used to explore the relationships and the moderating effect of the studied variables. The results revealed that perceived values of Muslim had positive effects on tourist satisfaction and tourist satisfaction had a positive influence on loyalty. However, quality and social values had negative effects on satisfaction. In addition, the significant moderating effect of Muslim religiosity on the relationship between perceived value and tourist satisfaction was established. The results of the study validate the viability of Islamic tourism practices that would build positive intention to revisit or recommend destinations among potential Muslim tourists for future Islamic tourism market. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are also discussed.

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