scholarly journals Knowing and Unknowing Purchases of Undeclared Healthcare Goods and Services: The Role of Vertical and Horizontal Trust

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11561
Author(s):  
Ioana Alexandra Horodnic ◽  
Colin C. Williams ◽  
Alexandru Maxim ◽  
Iuliana Claudia Stoian ◽  
Oana Carmen Țugulea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Although major advances have been made in relation to explaining the supply side of the informal economy, this is not the case for the demand-side of the informal economy. This study analyses for the first time the purchasers of undeclared goods and services in the healthcare sector. To evaluate the purchase of undeclared healthcare goods and services, logistic regression analysis and robustness tests are used on 3048 interviews in Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Malta. The finding is that an important share of the purchasers make this type of purchase unknowingly. However, no difference in terms of socio-economics characteristics of those who knowingly and those who unknowingly made purchases of undeclared healthcare goods and services was identified. Meanwhile a significant influence of trust (in government and in other citizens) has been identified in relation to those who made these purchases knowingly. As such, policy measures aimed at decreasing unknowing purchases and at nurturing trust are discussed in the concluding section.

A Past to Present Journey

2015 ◽  
pp. 180-206
Author(s):  
Moyassar Al-Taie ◽  
Michael Lane ◽  
Aileen Cater-Steel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chief Information Officer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Infrastructure Services ◽  
Skilled Staff

This chapter explores the role of the Chief Information Officer (CIO). A detailed review of the existing literature traces the evolution of this role and highlights its characteristics and configurations. CIO role effectiveness can be described in terms of three demand-side roles: strategist, relationship architect, integrator, and three supply-side roles: educator, information steward, and utility provider. To explore the configuration of roles of CIOs in Australia, a large-scale survey of CIOs was conducted. The Australian results, based on 174 responses, are compared with those from similar studies in USA. The top priority for the Australian CIO was information steward, ensuring organizational data quality and security and recruiting and retaining IT skilled staff. In comparison, the first priority for the USA CIOs was utility provider - building and sustaining solid, dependable, and responsive IT infrastructure services. This study's findings have implications for CIO career development and recruitment.

scholarly journals Industrial Policy in Britain since 1970: Changing Values, Assumptions and Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Martin Chick
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Market Inefficiency ◽  
Quality Of Supply ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract This article examines the change in the fundamental assumptions underpinning industrial policy from the mid-1970s in Britain. It necessarily contrasts the broadly supply-side concerns of industrial policy from the mid-1970s with the more demand-side concerns of the earlier ‘Golden Age’ period from 1945. Where in the earlier period the emphasis in industrial policy was on capital investment and the role of government in compensating for perceived market inefficiency, from the late 1970s this emphasis shifted to the need to improve the flexibility and quality of supply-side factors allied to a more optimistic view of the ability of the market to secure efficient outcomes.

scholarly journals New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiss ◽  
Emery ◽  
Corradini ◽  
Živojinović
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Private Actors ◽  
Innovation Support

The role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in industrialised country economies has declined in the past, but they are generating renewed interest as business opportunities. In a forest-based bio-economy frame, NWFPs can contribute to human nutrition, renewable materials, and cultural and experiential services, as well as create job and income opportunities in rural areas. Applying a service-dominant logic (SDL) approach to analysis of NWFPs, this article aimed to understand how new goods and services are co-created through networks of public and private actors in specific institutional, social, and cultural contexts. This focus sheds light on the experiences associated with NWFP harvest and use, revealing a fulsome suite of values and economic opportunities that include but are greater than the physical goods themselves. Turning the SDL lens on in-depth case studies from Europe and North America, we show dimensions of forest products that go beyond commercial values but are, at the same time, constituent of commercial activities. SDL provides a new view on customer relations, service provision to businesses, and policy measures for innovation support for non-wood forest products.

New Energy Vehicles Industry in China: Developments and Challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Yuen KONG
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Made In China ◽  
New Energy Vehicles ◽  
Made In

China’s development of its New Energy Vehicles industry since 2009 has been strengthened through the “Made in China 2025” plan in 2015. The Chinese authorities have provided numerous supporting policies, but the high financial burden, inconvenience of use, technical uncertainty on the demand side, high battery cost and imperfect competitive domestic market on the supply side have impeded the development of the industry.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Factor of Customer Perception and Its Role in Managing Company Competitiveness

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-200
Author(s):  
S. A. Afonsky
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Customer Perception ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Art Object ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Aesthetic Values ◽  
Made In

The article advances the idea about a drop in people interest in buying similar goods and services, especially in conditions of uncertainty, in particular corona-virus epidemic, when people care less about external things, such as their clothes for visiting public places. Today we observe the necessity in meeting aesthetic needs through different tools and artistic objects. Therefore, we can say that it is a certain return to those times, when in public places and even in the Underground you can see real works of art that were not made in a hurry, according to the principle ‘the cheaper the better', but those of full value. In spring 2021 we conducted a survey of students of the Russian Plekhanov University of Economics and the Arts College RGGU to find the role of the aesthetic (emotional, sensual) element - the art-object (in this case - a poster) - in conditions of uncertainty, i. e. COVID-19 epidemic. The findings of this research showed that aesthetic value of graphics takes a foreground, it should be connected with specialization of the trade enterprise, its historic and other factors. The author demonstrates that availability of aesthetic values can form a motivating platform for repeated visits to the store and thus shape its competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Novel Insight Into the Development and Function of Hypopharyngeal Glands in Honey Bees

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saboor Ahmad ◽  
Shahmshad Ahmed Khan ◽  
Khalid Ali Khan ◽  
Jianke Li
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Glands ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Hypopharyngeal glands (HGs) are the most important organ of hymenopterans which play critical roles for the insect physiology. In honey bees, HGs are paired structures located bilaterally in the head, in front of the brain between compound eyes. Each gland is composed of thousands of secretory units connecting to secretory duct in worker bees. To better understand the recent progress made in understanding the structure and function of these glands, we here review the ontogeny of HGs, and the factors affecting the morphology, physiology, and molecular basis of the functionality of the glands. We also review the morphogenesis of HGs in the pupal and adult stages, and the secretory role of the glands across the ages for the first time. Furthermore, recent transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome analyses have elucidated the potential mechanisms driving the HGs development and functionality. This adds a comprehensive novel knowledge of the development and physiology of HGs in honey bees over time, which may be helpful for future research investigations.

Why Did It Happen?

2019 ◽  
pp. 162-191
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sadurski
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The One

This chapter discusses the causes of Poland’s constitutional breakdown in and after 2015. On the one hand, they have an ‘agentic’ character: the role of the paranoia and anger of political leaders cannot be disregarded. In addition to such supply-side explanations, there are also important demand-side hypotheses, linked in particular to anti-elite and xenophobic attitudes, concerns and fears. As the chapter shows, in the case of Poland, the most important role is played by identity-related concerns, rather than socio-economic vulnerabilities. In turn, persistent support for the populist Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS)) party can be explained by its successful even if irrational welfare policies, by its effective if primitive propaganda, and by the weaknesses of the opposition. This leads to a reflection on the fragility of the institutions. As this chapter argues, partly because of its newness, partly because of faulty institutional design, and partly because of the thinness of democratic political culture among the elite and in society at large, the institutional system of Poland was ineffective in blocking anti-constitutional parties’ access to power.

A New Look at Gentrification: 1. Gentrification and Domestic Technologies

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Redfern
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Concentric Zone ◽  
New Look

In this paper I take issue with what I identify as a basic consensus in gentrification studies. I argue that gentrification studies have been conducted within a context framed by two basic models of urban development, namely the Burgess concentric-zone model and the Alonso bid-rent model. These two models lie at the heart of what are more usually seen as the parameters of the gentrification debate, namely the ‘supply-side’ rent-gap account of gentrification offered by Neil Smith and his followers and the ‘demand-side’ consumption-oriented explanations offered by David Ley and his followers. Both sets of explanations are, however, fatally compromised by seeking to answer the question ‘why does gentrification occur?’ before answering the question ‘how does gentrification occur?’. Starting with the question ‘how?’, rather than ‘why?’, draws attention to the hitherto almost completely neglected role of domestic technologies in permitting gentrification to occur, thereby helping break the theoretical logjam in which the gentrification debate currently finds itself.

scholarly journals Difficulties in establishing a limited liability company in Great Britain during the 1860s and the role of financial information: a case history

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. BARNES ◽  
R. J. FIRMAN
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Case History ◽  
Limited Liability ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Limited Liability Company ◽  
New Class ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

As a result of legislation in 1855, 1856 and 1862 that effectively enabled limited liability companies to be formed with minimum difficulty for the first time, there was an explosion of new companies. However, after the collapse of Overend, Gurney Ltd in 1866 they became unpopular. This paper examines the case of a business which failed to raise the necessary funding because of suspicion of exaggerated claims made in public prospectuses and the ways in which it attempted to survive. This gypsum industry case history also illustrates the problems facing the new class of ‘pure’ investors and directors who had little understanding of the industry in which their company was operating and the nature and reliability of the financial information available to them required for their decision-making.

scholarly journals The role of economics and the type of legal standards in antitrust enforcement by DGCOMP: an empirical investigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Katsoulacos ◽  
G Makri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Competition Authority ◽  
Antitrust Enforcement ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Abstract We empirically investigate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the role of economics in antitrust enforcement by EC’s Competition Authority (DGCOMP), by constructing and measuring indicators capturing the extent and type of economics used in reaching infringement decisions between 1992 and 2016. This allows us to identify the legal standards (LSs) adopted in assessing different conducts and their evolution and compare these to their theoretically optimal level, thus capturing the quality of enforcement. On average, economic analysis plays a modest role in investigations, with little analysis to substantiate consumer harm or to account for efficiencies, for conducts for which effects-based would be the appropriate LS. However, there is a consistent and significant improvement over time in the quality of enforcement in abuse of dominance cases, with effects-based LSs adopted in recent years. This contrasts to earlier findings and questions recent views, by indicating that DGCOMP has been influenced by the significant progress that economic analysis of antitrust has made in recent decades. Results on how LSs adopted affect the outcome of the judicial review (the rate of decision annulment) do not support the hypothesis that this increases as LSs move closer to effects-based.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document