scholarly journals Evaluation of Sheet-Coated Composite Waterproofing Joint Types by Analysis of Tensile Strength Change and Concrete Displacement Resistance Testing under Environmental Degradation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2120
Author(s):  
Chang-Pyo Chung ◽  
Su-Young Choi ◽  
Dong-Bum Kim ◽  
Wan-Goo Park ◽  
Byoung-Il Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
Strength Change ◽  
Joint Displacement

Sheet-coated composite waterproofing (SCCW) have been developed to overcome the natural weakness of singly-ply coating or sheet waterproofing systems for roofing, but there are currently multiple types of SCCW joints. Conventional standard tensile strength testing results show that all SCCW joint types seem to pass the minimum requirement and current selection of SCCW type is dictated on the principle of ‘higher tensile strength is better’, but it has not been experimentally studied as to which type is the optimal to respond to environmental degradation while under the effect of zero-span tensile stress occurring during concrete joint displacement. In this study, five types of SCCW joints were tested: Overlap Bond (OB) type, Overlap Heated-Air Welding (OH) type, Butt Joint I Type (BI), Butt Joint T Type (BT), and Butt Joint Separation Movement Type (BS). These types of joint designs were subjected to Alkali, NaCl, and H2SO4 exposure, and temperature change (60 °C and −20 °C) for determining changes to tensile strength in the joint section. Tensile strength change results are compared to joint displacement resistance test results of specimens that were treated with chemical and temperature degradation. With the exception of chemical exposure conditioning, the Overlap type joints generally had higher tensile strength compared to the butt joint types, but joint displacement test results showed the opposite results, suggesting that complex joints found in SCCW require new evaluation method for quality assessment.

Variasi Penambahan Sika Cim Dan Fiber Kawat Pada Beton Mutu Fc’ 30 Mpa

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
M Zainul Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Astm Method ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Composition Variation ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This research was conducted to determine the value of the highest compressive strength from the ratio of normal concrete to normal concrete plus additive types of Sika Cim with a composition variation of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, 1 , 50% and 1.75% of the weight of cement besides that in this study also aims to find the highest tensile strength from the ratio of normal concrete to normal concrete in the mixture of sika cim composition at the highest compressive strength above and after that added fiber wire with a size diameter of 1 mm in length 100 mm with a ratio of 1% of material weight. The concrete mix plan was calculated using the ASTM method, the matrial composition of the normal concrete mixture as follows, 314 kg / m3 cement, 789 kg / m3 sand, 1125 kg / m3 gravel and 189 liters / m3 of water at 10 cm slump, then normal concrete added variations of the composition of sika cim 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75% by weight of cement and fiber, the tests carried out were compressive strength of concrete and tensile strength of concrete, normal maintenance is soaked in fresh water for 28 days at 30oC. From the test results it was found that the normal concrete compressive strength at the age of 28 days was fc1 30 Mpa, the variation in the addition of the sika cim additive type mineral was achieved in composition 0.75% of the cement weight of fc1 40.2 Mpa 30C. Besides that the tensile strength test results were 28 days old with the addition of 1% fiber wire mineral to the weight of the material at a curing temperature of 30oC of 7.5%.

scholarly journals Practical Prediction Models of Tensile Strength and Reinforcement-Concrete Bond Strength of Low-Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Chenchen Luan ◽  
Qingyuan Wang ◽  
Fuhua Yang ◽  
Kuanyu Zhang ◽  
Nodir Utashev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Low Calcium

There have been a few attempts to develop prediction models of splitting tensile strength and reinforcement-concrete bond strength of FAGC (low-calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete), however, no model can be used as a design equation. Therefore, this paper aimed to provide practical prediction models. Using 115 test results for splitting tensile strength and 147 test results for bond strength from experiments and previous literature, considering the effect of size and shape on strength and structural factors on bond strength, this paper developed and verified updated prediction models and the 90% prediction intervals by regression analysis. The models can be used as design equations and applied for estimating the cracking behaviors and calculating the design anchorage length of reinforced FAGC beams. The strength models of PCC (Portland cement concrete) overestimate the splitting tensile strength and reinforcement-concrete bond strength of FAGC, so PCC’s models are not recommended as the design equations.

scholarly journals Absorption and Strength Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Mortar Composite

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Md. Safiuddin ◽  
George Abdel-Sayed ◽  
Nataliya Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Entrapped Air ◽  
Short Carbon

This paper presents the water absorption and strength properties of short carbon fiber reinforced mortar (CFRM) composite. Four CFRM composites with 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% short pitch-based carbon fibers were produced in this study. Normal Portland cement mortar (NCPM) was also prepared for use as the control mortar. The freshly mixed mortar composites were tested for workability, wet density, and entrapped air content. In addition, the hardened mortar composites were examined for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and water absorption at the ages of 7 and 28 days. The effects of different carbon fiber contents on the tested properties were observed. Test results showed that the incorporation of carbon fibers decreased the workability and wet density, but increased the entrapped air content in mortar composite. Most interestingly, the compressive strength of CFRM composite increased up to 3% carbon fiber content and then it declined significantly for 4% fiber content, depending on the workability and compaction of the mortar. In contrast, the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of the CFRM composite increased for all fiber contents due to the greater cracking resistance and improved bond strength of the carbon fibers in the mortar. The presence of short pitch-based carbon fibers significantly strengthened the mortar by bridging the microcracks, resisting the propagation of these minute cracks, and impeding the growth of macrocracks. Furthermore, the water absorption of CFRM composite decreased up to 3% carbon fiber content and then it increased substantially for 4% fiber content, depending on the entrapped air content of the mortar. The overall test results suggest that the mortar with 3% carbon fibers is the optimum CFRM composite based on the tested properties.

scholarly journals Tensile Strength of Nylon Netting Subjected to Various Concentrations of Disinfecting Chemicals

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Moe Føre ◽  
Stine Wiborg Dahle ◽  
Rune H. Gaarder
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Service Stations ◽  
Trade Names ◽  
Net Cages

This paper presents a study of traditional netting materials subjected to disinfecting chemicals during fish farming and treatment of net cages. A series of tests were performed in order to study the effect of various concentrations of disinfecting chemicals on the tensile strength of Raschel knitted Nylon netting materials. Simulated spill of diluted hydrogen peroxide (HP) to the jump fence during de-lousing did not affect the strength of the applied new and used knotless nylon netting samples. Hydrogen peroxide reacted with biofouling forming gas bubbles, but this did not result in reduced netting strength. The performed tests did not indicate any effect on netting strength from a simulated single, traditional bath disinfection as performed at service stations applying the disinfectant Aqua Des (AD) containing peracetic acid (PAA). However, increasing the AD concentration from 1 to 10% resulted in a strength reduction of 3–6%. Simulated spill of concentrated AD on the jump fence of a net with copper coating residuals resulted in a severe reduction in strength of 45%. This strength loss was probably a consequence of chemical reaction between copper and Aqua Des, and uncoated netting did not experience any loss in strength subjected to the same chemical exposure. These findings from application of AD should also apply to other PAA disinfection chemicals with trade names as, for example, Perfectoxid and Addi Aqua.

Preparation Techniques and Property Evaluations of Highly Air Permeable Needle-Punched Geotextiles

2015 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 278-281
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Jing Chzi Hsieh ◽  
Jin Mao Chen ◽  
Wen Hao Hsing ◽  
Hsueh Jen Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Needle Punching ◽  
Pet Fibers ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Geotextiles are made of polymers, and their conjunction with different processes and materials can provide geotextiles with desirable characteristics and functions, such as filtration, separation, and drainage, and thereby meets the environmental requirements. Chemical resistant and mechanical strong polymers, including polyester (PET) and polypropylene (PP), are thus used to prolong the service life of the products made by such materials. This study proposes highly air permeable geotextiles that are made with different thicknesses and various needle punching speeds, and the influences of these two variables over the pore structure and mechanical properties are then examined. PET fibers, PP fibers, and recycled Kevlar fibers are blended, followed by being needle punched with differing spaces and speeds to form geotextiles with various thicknesses and porosities. The textiles are then evaluated for their mechanical strength and porosity. The test results show that a thickness of 4.5 cm and 1.5 cm demonstrate an influence on the tensile strength of the geotextiles, which is ascribed to the webs that are incompletely needle punched. However, the excessive needle punching speed corresponding to a thickness of 0.2 cm results in a decrease in tensile strength, but there is also an increase in the porosity of the geotextiles.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Asymmetric Arb Process on the Properties of Al-Mg-Al Multi-Layer Sheets / Wpływ Asymetrii W Procesie Arb Na Właściwości Wielowarstwowych Blach Al-Mg-Al

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2821-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wierzba ◽  
S. Mróz ◽  
P. Szota ◽  
A. Stefanik ◽  
R. Mola
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Asymmetry Factor ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Initial Thickness ◽  
Asymmetric Rolling ◽  
Aluminium Layer

The paper presents the results of the experimental study of the three-layer Al-Mg-Al sheets rolling process by the ARB method. The tests carried out were limited to single-pass symmetric and asymmetric rolling processes. An Al-Mg-Al package with an initial thickness of 4 mm (1-2-1 mm) was subjected to the process of rolling with a relative reduction of 50%. To activate the shear band in the strip being deformed, an asymmetry factor of av=2 was applied. From the test results, an increase in the tensile strength of the multi-layer Al-Mg-Al sheets obtained from the asymmetric process was observed. Microhardness tests did not show any significant differences in aluminium layer between respective layers of sheets obtained from the symmetric and the asymmetric process. By contrast, for the magnesium layer, an increase in microhardness from 72 HV to 79 HV could be observed for the asymmetric rolling. The analysis of the produced Al-Mg-Al sheets shows that the good bond between individual layers and grain refinement in the magnesium layer contributed to the obtaining of higher mechanical properties in the multi-layer sheets produced in the asymmetric process compared to the sheets obtained from the symmetric process.

Size Effect on Mechanical Properties of LVL

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 824-829
Author(s):  
Qing Fang Lv ◽  
Ji Hong Qin ◽  
Ran Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship

Laminated veneer lumber is taken as an object of study, and use LVL specimens of different sizes for compression test and tensile test. The goal of the experiment is to investigate the size effect on compressive strength and tensile strength as well as the influence of the secondary glued laminated face, which appears in the secondary molding processes. The results show that both compressive strength and tensile strength have the size effect apparently and the existence of the secondary glued laminated face lower the compressive strength of LVL specimens. Afterwards, the relationship between compressive strength and volume along with tensile strength and area are obtained by the test results.

Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Structural Adhesives

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 814-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Joint Specimen ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Better Than

One of the greatest drawbacks to predicting the behaviour of bonded joints has been the lack of reliable data on the mechanical properties of adhesives. In this study, methods for determining mechanical properties of structural adhesive were discussed. The Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and tensile strength of the adhesive were tested by dogbone specimens (bulk form) and butt joint specimens (in situ form). The shear modulus and shear strength were test by V-notched specimens (bulk form) and thick adherend lap-shear (TALS) joint specimens (in situ form). The test results show that the elastic modulus provided by the manufacturer is too low, the dogbone specimen is better than the butt joint specimen to test the tensile strength and elastic modulus and the TALS joint specimen is better than the V-notched specimen to test the shear strength.

Welding effect on tensile strength of grade S690Q steel butt joint

2019 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 153-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Sing-Ping Chiew ◽  
Ming-Shan Zhao ◽  
Chi-King Lee ◽  
Tat-Ching Fung
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Butt Joint

Development of 2012 Edition of JSME Code for Design and Construction of Fast Reactors: (4) Creep–Fatigue Evaluation Method for Modified 9Cr–1Mo Steel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Takaya ◽  
Yuji Nagae ◽  
Tai Asayama
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fast Reactors ◽  
Material Test ◽  
Creep Fatigue ◽  
Summation Rule ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation ◽  
Failure Life ◽  
Design And Construction

This paper describes a creep–fatigue evaluation method for modified 9Cr–1Mo steel, which has been newly included in the 2012 edition of the JSME code for design and construction of fast reactors. In this method, creep and fatigue damages are evaluated on the basis of Miner’s rule and the time fraction rule, respectively, and the linear summation rule is employed as the failure criterion. Investigations using material test results are conducted, which show that the time fraction approach can conservatively predict failure life if margins on the initial stress of relaxation and the stress relaxation rate are embedded. In addition, the conservatism of prediction tends to increase with time to failure. Comparison with the modified ductility exhaustion method, which is known to have good failure life predictability in material test results, shows that the time fraction approach predicts failure lives to be shorter in long-term strain hold conditions, where material test data is hardly obtained. These results confirm that the creep–fatigue evaluation method in the code has implicit conservatism.

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