scholarly journals Feed Supplementation with a Commercially Available Probiotic Solution Does Not Alter the Composition of the Microbiome in the Biofilters of Recirculating Aquaculture Systems

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Simon Menanteau-Ledouble ◽  
Rui A. Gonçalves ◽  
Mansour El-Matbouli
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems

Recirculating aquaculture relies on the treatment of ammonia compounds from the water by a bacterial flora growing inside biofilters. Another increasingly common practice in aquaculture is the supplementation of feed with live probiotic bacteria to boost the immune system of the farmed animals and hinder the implantation of pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, we investigated the bacterial flora within the biofilters of recirculating farming units in which African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were being farmed. Our results suggested that these two farming systems could be compatible as feeding of the probiotic feed had no detectable effect on the composition of the microbiome within the biofilters and none of the bacteria from the feed could be detected in the biofilters. These findings suggest that supplementation of the fish feed with probiotic supplements did not interfere with the microbiome residing inside the biofilter and that it is a safe practice in recirculating aquaculture systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of Aquaponic-Recirculation Aquaculture System (A - Ras) Application in the Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Aquaculture in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Arning Wilujeng Ekawati ◽  
Siti Mariyah Ulfa ◽  
Citra Satrya Utama Dewi ◽  
Abdul Aziz Amin ◽  
Lutfi Ni’matus Salamah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
System A ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Recirculation Aquaculture System ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Additional Income

Water quality and waste management are significant problems for aquaculture in Indonesia, including catfish (Clarias gariepinus) aquaculture. A combination of Aquaponics Systems and Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (A-RAS) has been developed to address this problem. This study analyzed A-RAS application for catfish (Clarias gariepinus) aquaculture by comparing water quality and production indicators between A-RAS and conventional methods. The results show that temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total organic matter, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite in A-RAS technology were 28.0-30.0°C, 6.5-7.9, 3.8-7.8 mg/L, 18.54-24.97 mg/L, 0.12- 0.28 mg/L, 0.12-0.13 mg/L, and 0.04-0.13 mg/L, respectively. Survival Rate, Feed Conversion Ratio, and harvest in A-RAS application were 85.5%, 1.1, and 26 kg/m³, respectively. A-RAS technology can maintain water quality to be reused in cultivation and increase yields by about 13%. Besides, water spinach can be an additional income for farmers.

scholarly journals TEPUNG DAUN SINGKONG (Monihot utilissima) TUA SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN ALTERNATIF DALAM FORMULA PAKAN IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syahrizal Syahrizal ◽  
Muarofah Ghofur ◽  
. Safratilofa ◽  
Rahmat Sam
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Protein Substitute ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Alternative Protein

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish  in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%%  meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15%  meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan  merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89%  dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun  singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan  tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan  pada B (40%  % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan  relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung  Daun Singkong Tua

scholarly journals GROWTH OF AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) JUVENILES FED GRADED LEVELS OF ROASTED RICE CHAFF AS ENERGY SOURCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
Ahmed Salihu Dan-kishiya ◽  
C. C. Ekpenwa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Crude Lipid

The high cost of Maize as energy source in fish feed has necessitated the need to search for low cost and locally available indigenous sources. A six months feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of replacing maize with roasted rice chaff as a dietary energy source on the growth of juveniles of Clarias gariepinus using Completely Randomized block Design with five different treatments. The fishes were subjected to five different inclusion levels of roasted rice chaff meal (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). The trial was conducted in a 50litres plastic bowl with replicates and feeding was done initially at 3% body weight, but the quantity of feeds was adjusted based on the new weight gain. The measurements of the fishes were carried out biweekly according to standard methods and procedures. The Roasted rice chaff meal (RRCM) contains 5.93% crude protein, 14.53% crude fibre, 0.92% moisture content, while Ash content, crude lipid and carbohydrates had 19.98%, 3.28% and 55.36% respectively. Fishes fed 100% RRCM recorded the best growth performance in body weight (435.10 ± 20.60gm), total length (45.30 ± 0.70cm), Specific growth rate (1.44 ± 0.01), Feed Conversion Ratio (2.50 ± 0.04) and Feed Intake (92.00 ± 3.40). While the least growth ware observed in 0% RRCM. However, all the physico-chemical parameters measured are within the recommended range for fish culture. Therefore, the result obtained shows that roasted rice chaff can replace maize as a source of energy in Clarias gariepinus.juveniles diets without any negative effect.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Growth Performance and Nutrients Utilization of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1882) Fed Chicken Offal and Shrimp-Based Diets

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elvis Monfung Ayim ◽  
Ettah Akpang Ivon ◽  
Raymond Odey Ajang ◽  
Akaninyene Paul Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fish Group

A comparative study on the growth performance of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed shrimp based diet (SBD), chicken offal based diet (COBD) and coppens feed was carried-out for 22 weeks in concrete tanks measuring 3.5 x 1.7 x 1.5 m3. Triplicate groups of 40 juveniles with average length of 9.15 ± 0.17cm and weight of 20.00 ± 2.58g were stored in each tank. A total of 360 juveniles were used throughout the study. Fish were fed daily at 3% of their body weight through-out the duration of the experiment. The nutrient composition of the 3 nutrients differed significantly at p<0.05. Weight gain (WG) (g) was highest (17189.33 ± 506.61g) in fish fed diet A (Coppens feed), followed by 15045.33±202.42 g (diet B) (SBD) and least (14357.33 ± 108.25 g) (diet C) (COBD). The Growth rate (GR) was highest in fish fed with diet A (111.62 ± 3.29 g/day), followed by 97.69±1.31 g/day (diet B), and least (93.23±0.70 g/day) in diet C. Specific growth rate (SGR) was highest in juveniles fed diet A (2.02 ± 0.02 %/day), followed by 1.94±0.01 %/day for diet B, and least (1.91±0.01 %/day) for diet C. Mean growth rate (MGR) was highest in juveniles fed diet A (11.88 ± 0.29 mg/day), followed by 11.74±0.15 mg/day for diet B, and least (11.69±0.09 mg/day) in fish fed diet C. The WG, GR and SGR varied significantly between the juvenile fish group fed the 3 diets at p<0.05, while MGR did not vary significantly between fish group fed the 3 diets at p>0.05. Fish fed diet A had a higher feed consumption (FC) (41650.00 ± 315.34 g/kg), than that fed diet B (39034.24 ± 86.34 g/kg) and then diet C (38276.00 ± 342.97 g/kg). Juveniles fed Coppens feed did better, with a feed conversion ratio (FCR) of 2.42 ± 0.06, followed by 2.59±0.04 for diet B and 2.67 ± 0.03 for fish fed diet C. Feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was higher in fish fed diet A (41.26±0.94 %), followed by 38.54 ± 0.54 % (diet B) and least (37.52 ± 0.51 %) (diet C). The FC and FCR varied significantly between the fish fed the 3 diets at p<0.05, while FCE was not significantly different between the 3 treatment groups at p>0.05. The water parameters of the culture water varied significantly between each treatment groups (p<0.05), and were within the rage suitable for normal growth of fish. Though coppens feed yielded better growth performance and feed utilisation, the use of COBD and SBD is recommended for fish farmers in Nigeria. More researches should be carried out on using chicken offals and shrimps in fish feed formulation.

scholarly journals Atrazine in fish feed and african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from aquaculture farms in Southwestern Nigeria

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e06076
Author(s):  
Isaac Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Reuben Chukwuka Okocha ◽  
Olayinka Ayotunde Oridupa ◽  
Charles Nnachetam Nwishienyi ◽  
Adebisi Musefiu Tiamiyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria

Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Salmonella sp. isolated from African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
P.T. Fowoyo
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

The African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is an important fresh water fish consumed by a large percentage of the populace globally and it may be contaminated by pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella sp. In this study, a total of fifteen (15) samples of African catfish were collected from different markets in Lokoja, Nigeria. The Salmonella sp. were isolated from the catfish samples by pre-enrichment in peptone water and subsequent inoculation on selective medium namely brilliant-green agar (BGA), bismuth sulphite agar (BSA) and Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA). The Salmonella isolates were tested for susceptibility to 10 different commercially available antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. A total of thirty-four Salmonella species was isolated. The percentage occurrence of Salmonella sp. in the catfishes examined was very high (80%). The incidence of Salmonella sp. in the intestine (86.7%) of the catfish was higher than for the gills (66.7%) and the skin (73.3%). Majority of the isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin, Sulfomethoxazole-trimethoprim, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and Streptomycin. This study therefore demonstrated the occurrence of Salmonella species in African catfish with some exhibiting antibiotic resistance. Thus, there is a potential risk of transmission of drug resistant Salmonella species to man when contaminated catfish is consumed. The use of antibiotics in fish farming should be regulated so as to decrease antibiotic residues in fish.

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