scholarly journals Single and Combined Salinity and Heat Stresses Impact Yield and Dead Pericarp Priming Activity

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627
Author(s):  
Bupur Swetha ◽  
Jeevan R. Singiri ◽  
Nurit Novoplansky ◽  
Rohith Grandhi ◽  
Jansirani Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Maternal Environment ◽  
Seedling Performance ◽  
The Face ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Priming Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

In the face of climate change and the predicted increase in the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses (e.g., hot spell, salinity), we sought to investigate the effect of salinity (S), short episodes of high temperature (HS) and combination of salinity and high temperature (SHS), at the reproductive phase, on yield with a special focus on the properties of dead pericarps of Brassica juncea. Three interval exposures to HS resulted in massive seed abortion, and seeds from salt-treated plants germinated poorly. Germination rate and final germination of B. juncea seeds were slightly reduced in the presence of salt and SHS pericarp extracts. All pericarp extracts completely inhibited seed germination of tomato and Arabidopsis, but removal of pericarp extracts almost fully restored seed germination. Heat and salinity profoundly affected the accumulation of phytohormones in dead pericarps. Combined stresses highly reduced IAA and ABA levels compared with salt, and enhanced the accumulation of GA1, but abolished the positive effect of salt on the accumulation of GA4, JA and SA. Interestingly, pericarp extracts displayed priming activity and significantly affected seedling performance in a manner dependent on the species and on the origin of the pericarp. While control pericarps improved and reduced the seedlings’ performance of autologous and heterologous species, respectively, pericarps from salt-treated plants were harmless or improved heterologous seedling performance. Thus, the strategy employed by the germinating seed for securing resources is set up, at least partly, by the mother plant in conjunction with the maternal environment whose components are stored in the dead maternal organs enclosing the embryo.

scholarly journals Suggestions on increasing the germination seeds of pasture fodder plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04033
Author(s):  
Bakhadir Mirzaev ◽  
Farmon Mamatov ◽  
Bakhtiyor Tulaganov ◽  
Amir Sadirov ◽  
Rustam Khudayqulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Positive Effect

One of the problems in the seed production of pasture forage plants is low seed germination. Existing pasture improvement technologies and technical means for seed production, harvesting, post-harvest handling, and storage of pasture forage plants are analysed. Suggestions for improving seed germination have been developed: it is advisable to place the seed crops between the forest belts; to improve seed germination, it is necessary to make a preliminary harvest of seed crops with spreading the mass on the stubble; the mechanised collection of seed heaps using a rotary mower with an active heap separator increases the germination rate by reducing mechanical damage to the seeds and enriching the soil with organic matter; the seed sowing process has a positive effect on the germination rate of the seed produced, in addition to reducing cleaning costs.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Composts Prepared from Various Organic Wastes Based on Biological and Chemical Parameters

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Monika Jakubus
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Positive Effect

One of the principles of the circular economy requires the effective recycling of organic waste, especially since its volume is increasing from year to year. Therefore, one of the best solutions to solve this problem is the composting of organic waste. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of 10 different composts in terms of their quality. The composts varied with regard to waste materials used for composting, the adopted composting method, and the degree of compost maturity. Both biological (seed germination rate and intensity of plant root growth) and chemical methods (contents of macro- and micronutrients, presence of heavy metals, as well as the quality and quantity of humus compounds) were applied to evaluate the fertilisers, providing comprehensive characteristics of individual composts. It was found that composts prepared on the basis of sewage sludge had the highest contents of macro- and micronutrients as well as heavy metals. In addition, these composts contained the greatest amounts of humic substances, although these were of low quality. These composts also strongly inhibited seed germination and plant root growth. The least desirable chemical composition was found for the composts based on yard trimmings and household wastes prepared in home composters. These composts contained good quality humus compounds and had a positive effect on seed germination and plant root growth.

scholarly journals Effect of light quality on Tabebuia rosea seed germination

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Sofía Basto ◽  
Claudia Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Tabebuia Rosea ◽  
Germination Value ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Effect Of Light ◽  
Peak Value

Tabebuia rosea germination capacity and rate have been examined under light and dark conditions. However, seeds responses to light quality, in particular to short and mid-wavelengths, are not well known. We hypothesized that short wavelengths would have a positive effect on rosea germination. The effects of short, mid and long-wavelengths on germination capacity, rate (germination rate index, germination rate R50, a devised index of germination rate R50´ and peak value), mean daily germination and germination value were evaluated. Light quality had little effect on germination capacity; it was reduced only in darkness. Seeds under short and mid-wavelengths germinated faster (germination rate) than under any other light treatments. We concluded that althoughlt T. rosea seeds respond to all light quality treatments, the short and mid-wavelengths are the cue for increasing germination speed. For synchronizing germination, short and mid-wavelengths transmitted by red cellophane paper can be used as a pre-germinative treatment for restoration and silvicultural purposes.

scholarly journals SOWING QUALITIES OF SEEDS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF NON-NARCOTIC VARIETY OF HEMP DEPENDING ON PRE-PLANTING CULTIVATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. Бакулова ◽  
И.И. Плужникова ◽  
Н.В. Криушин
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Positive Effect

Представлены результаты изучения влияния предпосевной обработки семян на растения конопли посевной с целью совершенствования технологии возделывания. Применение изучаемых препаратов положительно действовало на энергию прорастания, всхожесть и урожайность растений. В лабораторных условиях отмечено достоверное увеличение всхожести семян при применении препаратов Альбит, ТПС и Биокомплекс БТУ на 5,0 и 7,2 % на сорте Вера, при применении препаратов ТМТД, ВСК и Биокомплекс БТУ – на 5,2 и 5,0 % соответственно на сорте Надежда. В полевых условиях показатель всхожести увеличивался по сравнению с контролем на 4,2-5,6 % у сорта Вера и на 1,8-8,5 % у сорта Надежда. За годы исследований урожайность семян конопли посевной в результате применения протравителей по всем вариантам опыта изменялась на сорте Вера в пределах 0,78-0,96 т/га и 0,66-0,84 т/га на сорте Надежда. Наибольшая прибавка урожайности на сорте Вера отмечена на вариантах с предпосевной обработкой семян препаратами Бункер, ВСК, Лигногумат и Альбит, ТПС. На сорте Надежда установлена максимальная урожайность семян на вариантах с обработкой препаратами Бенорад, СП, Бункер, ВСК и Альбит, ТПС, прибавка урожайности составила 0,16-0,18 т/га или 24,2-27,3 % к контролю. This work presents the results of studying the influence of pre-planting seed cultivation on hemp plants in order to improve the cultivation technology. The implementation of the studied drugs had a positive effect on the germinating power, germination and yield of plants. In laboratory conditions there was a significant increase in seed germination when using drugs Albit, TPS (liquid paste) and BTU Biocomplex 5.0 and 7.2 % for the variety Vera in the use of drugs TMTD, VSK and BTU Biocomplex – 5.2 and 5.0 %, respectively in the variety Nadezhda. In the field conditions, the germination rate increased by 4.2-5.6 % in the Vera variety and 1.8-8.5 % in the Nadezhda variety compared to the control. Over the years of research, the yield of hemp seeds, as a result of the use of disinfectants for all options of the experiment, changed on the Vera variety in the range of 0.78-0.96 t/ha and 0.66-0.84 t/ha on the Nadezhda variety. The greatest increase in yield on the Vera variety was noted in the options with pre-planting cultivation of seeds with Bunker, VSK, Lignohumate and Albit, TPS. On the Nadezhda variety, the maximum yield of seeds was set on options with cultivation with Benorad, SP, Bunker, VSK and Albit, TPS, the yield increase was 0.16-0.18 t/ha or 24.2-27.3 % to control.

scholarly journals Seed Enhancements to Improve Spinach Germination

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Katzman ◽  
Alan G. Taylor ◽  
Robert W. Langhans
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Germination Temperature ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Rapid, synchronized, and high percentage of germination is required for commercial spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) production using hydroponic techniques. Seed treatments examined to improve seed germination were: 1) decoating; 2) leaching in water; and 3) soaking seeds for 4 hours in 0.5% NaOCl, leaching for 15 hours in water, and sowing in 0.3% H2O2 (this treatment will be referred to as NaOCl/H2O2). Germination studies were conducted on four cultivars at a constant 18 °C (optimal) or 30 °C (inhibitory). At 18 °C, germination rate (T50) was maximized by both hydration treatments, but uniformity of germination (Tsd) was greatest for decoated seeds; final germination was ≥89% for all treatments. At 30 °C, decoating resulted in greatest uniformity of germination. The NaOCl/H2O2 treatment resulted in highest germination (94%) at the high temperature, whereas decoating was least effective (69%). Reduced germination of decoated seeds was attributed to atypical germinants. Cultivars differed in response to the treatments at both temperatures. Component analysis of the NaOCl/H2O2 treatment was studied with two slow-to-germinate cultivars. Treatment with H2O2, with or without NaOCl, improved the rate, uniformity, and percentage of germination of seeds of both cultivars, but NaOCl alone did not. Pericarp removal or pericarp removal plus NaOCl/H2O2 treatments reduced variability in germination time and enhanced speed of germination at 30 °C, but decoating produced a higher percentage of atypical seedlings than did other treatments. Therefore, the NaOCl/H2O2 treatment is recommended for growers who are unable to maintain cool germination temperatures and/or cannot afford the costs associated with cooling. If growers can maintain a germination temperature of ≈18 °C, decoated seeds are preferable, based on the high uniformity of germination.

scholarly journals Seed Germination of Some Flower Species Under Influence of Different Light Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Monika Tkalec ◽  
Тijana Mirković ◽  
Mario Mitrović ◽  
Nada Parađiković ◽  
Jasna Kraljičak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Local Store

The aim of this study was to examine germination energy and seed germination rate of some flower species under influence of different light conditions. Seeds of Zinnia elegans Jacq., Dianthus caryophyllus L. and Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees that were used in the research were purchased in local store. Experiment was set up in three replicates for each light treatment and each flower species. Petri dishes with seeds were placed in growth chamber under artificial white and blue light under 12hL/12hD photoperiod. Results showed no significant difference in germination energy and total germination of investigated flower species in respect of light. Zinnia seedlings were significantly longer on white light, while Dianthus seedlings were longer on blue light. Both, length and fresh weight of Callistephus seedlings were greater on white light. The absence of significant differences between measured parameters under examined light regimes suggests that germination of Zinnia, Dianthus and Callistephus is not photosensitive.

scholarly journals Application and use of sulphuric acid pretreatment to improve seed germination of three acacia species

REFORESTA ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdenour Kheloufi ◽  
Lahouaria Mounia Mansouri ◽  
Faiza Zineb Boukhatem
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Positive Effect

The experiments were led to study the effect of pretreatments and their duration on germination behavior of three Acacia species A. cyanophylla Lindl., A. farnesiana L. and A. decurrens Willd. by analyzing three parameters (GP: germination percentage; MGT: germination mean time (days) and GRI: germination rate index) for various times of incubation (5, 10 and 15 days) in Petri dishes. Pre-sowing treatment included immersion in concentrated sulphuric acid for 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The sowing in distilled water (Control) had no positive effect on the germination induction. Generally, the seed pretreatments were very useful to improve germination. Time of immersion significantly (P < 0.0001) affected GP, MGT and GRI in all species. Increasing the duration of sulphuric acid immersion (from 60 to 120 min) improved the germination percentages for A. cyanophylla and A. farnesiana seeds to (98% and 99%), respectively. However, increasing this duration had a negative effect on A. decurrens seed germination, reducing the final germination percentage from 97% at 60 minutes of immersion to 43% at 120 minutes.

Technology of Managing Reactions of Biological Objects at Anthropogenically Transformed Territories

2020 ◽  
pp. 268-292
Author(s):  
Maria Belitskaya ◽  
Irina Gribust ◽  
Elena Nefed'eva ◽  
Valeriy Drevin ◽  
Soumana Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Impulse Pressure ◽  
Positive Effect

Solving the problem of increasing plant resistance, the development of environmentally-friendly technologies is particularly important, which also contribute to the reduction of resource costs for production and load on the environment. The research results indicate a positive effect from the treatment of plants and seeds with electrochemically activated (ECA) water, electric fields, and impulse pressure (IP). Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with ECA water increases the germination rate and seed germination energy, improves the development of plants, improves morphological parameters, etc. The reactions of economically dangerous pests and causative agents of infectious plant diseases to the use of ECA water are identified. The combination of pre-sowing seed treatment with the treatment of vegetative plants provides the highest possible result.

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Seed Germination of Three Common Grass Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjie Liu ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Hans J. De Boeck ◽  
Fujiang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Levels

Temperature and salinity significantly affect seed germination, but the joint effects of temperature and salinity on seed germination are still unclear. To explore such effects, a controlled experiment was conducted, where three temperature levels (i.e., 15, 20, and 25°C) and five salinity levels (i.e., 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mmol/L) were crossed, resulting in 15 treatments (i.e., 3 temperature levels × 5 salinity levels). Three typical grass species (Festuca arundinacea, Bromus inermis, and Elymus breviaristatus) were used, and 25 seeds of each species were sown in petri dishes under these treatments. Germination percentages and germination rates were calculated on the basis of the daily recorded germinated seed numbers of each species. Results showed that temperature and salinity significantly affected seed germination percentage and germination rate, which differed among species. Specifically, F. arundinacea had the highest germination percentage, followed by E. breviaristatus and B. inermis, with a similar pattern also found regarding the accumulated germination rate and daily germination rate. Generally, F. arundinacea was not sensitive to temperature within the range of 15–25°C, while the intermediate temperature level improved the germination percentage of B. inermis, and the highest temperature level benefited the germination percentage of E. breviaristatus. Moreover, F. arundinacea was also not sensitive to salinity within the range of 0–200 mmol/L, whereas high salinity levels significantly decreased the germination percentage of B. inermis and E. breviaristatus. Thus, temperature and salinity can jointly affect seed germination, but these differ among plant species. These results can improve our understanding of seed germination in saline soils in the face of climate change.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus var. Arka Anamika)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Anuj Lamichhane ◽  
Mamata K.C. ◽  
Manisha Shrestha ◽  
Binaya Baral
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seed Hardness ◽  
Positive Effect

Seed priming is an effective, eco-friendly method to promote seed germination and seedling vigor of okra to overcome the reduced and delayed germination in fresh or stored okra seeds caused by seed hardness. An experiment was carried to evaluate the effects of different priming on okra seeds germination and seedling vigor using Arka Anamika variety at Horticulture lab of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Investigation was carried out with 6 treatments (T1: seed priming with tap water, T2: seed priming with 200ppm NAA solution, T3: seed priming with 10% PEG-200 solution, T4: seed priming with 200ppm GA3 solution, T5: seed priming with 5% Trichoderma solution and T6 no priming) with 4 replications in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Seeds primed with T1 to T5 were soaked for 24 hours and shade dried for 6 hours before sowing. Priming with T4 was found to be best in terms of maximum seed germination (60.12%), seed vigor index (5772.68 cm), mean germination rate (7.53 seeds per day). The highest shoot length (81.40 mm) was observed at T1 whereas enhancement of root length occurred with the priming with T3. All treatments had a significant positive effect on all the germination parameters in comparison to control. The study concluded that GA3 priming enhanced germination as well as seed vigor in okra and hydro priming and tricho-priming can be used as an alternative to GA3 priming among farmers in Nepal.

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