scholarly journals On Soil Capability, Capacity, and Condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex. B. McBratney ◽  
Damien Field ◽  
Cristine L.S. Morgan ◽  
Jingyi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Soil Functions ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Soil Changes

The role of soil in the existential environmental problems of declining biodiversity, climate change, water and energy security, impacting on food security has highlighted the need to link the soil functions to ecosystem services. We describe and illustrate by a limited example, the concepts and assessment of soil’s capacity measured through its capability and condition as contributors to an overall soil security framework. The framework is based on the concepts of genosoils and phenosoils. The links to other notions, such as threats to soil and soil functions are made. The framework can be potentially applied elsewhere to quantify soil changes under natural processes and human activities.

The role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities: the case of Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area, Rufiji district, Tanzania.

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Richard J.M. Katondo ◽  
Agnes M.S. Nyomora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Climate Change And Variability ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Climate Change Resilience

Abstract This study examined the role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities in Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area (WMA). The study aimed to identify forms of ecosystem services that can be gained from conservation of a WMA in relation to climate change adaptation. The design for this study adopted both a quantitative and a qualitative research approach. The study was undertaken in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA located between latitude 39° S and 39°30' S and between longitude 12°30' E and 13° E. It is located alongside the north-eastern border of the Selous Game Reserve. The area is also the home of local people whose lifestyles and livelihoods are intricately tied to the biological diversity and the functioning of this natural system. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting respondents for the household questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. This study found that income obtained from Ngarambe-Tapika ecosystems by the communities were invested in material welfare and livelihoods that enhance resilience to climate change, primarily social services (54.9%) such as construction of houses, dispensaries and rehabilitation of the primary schools, and some of the money was spent on electricity provision for the community and energy for light and water pumps. Other benefits included employment (16.5%), protection from dangerous and problematic wildlife (14.3%) and petty business (14.3%). Generally, in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA there is a need to emphasize conservation awareness and extension programmes which advocate sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and adopt an integrated approach of climate-smart agriculture to address the challenges related to food insecurity and climate change and variability. The latter would enable increased agricultural productivity to support equitable increases in farm incomes, improve food security and build resilience of agricultural and food security systems to adapt to climate change and variability.

Assessing the relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification of Ordos region, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 855-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
DuanYang Xu ◽  
XiangWu Kang ◽  
ZhiLi Liu ◽  
DaFang Zhuang ◽  
JianJun Pan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Sandy Desertification

scholarly journals Simplified climate modelling to size economic boundaries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Anderl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Translational Energy ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Public Demand

The broader public demand reproducibility of scientific results particularly related to hot societal topics. The present work applies the 80:20-rule to climate change, concentrating on the essentials from the readily observable and identifying the inherent relationships in their potential simplicity. Observations on 400 Mio. years of paleoclimate are found to well constrain the compound universal climate role of CO 2. Combined with observations on the industrial-era atmospheric CO 2 and ocean heat evolvement, climate risk assessment and projections on the economic boundaries are performed. Independently in conjunction with energy budget studies, simple models are presented for the fundamental natural processes related to: (i) water vapor and CO 2 effect on temperature; (ii) transient and equilibrium climate; (iii) heating from the V/R-T (vibrational/rotational to translational) energy transfer; (iv) Earth emissivity changing with surface temperature; (v) water vapor for Earths energy balance maintenance; (vi) rainfall pattern altering with temperature; (vii) natures reaction on the anthropogenic energy consumption. In conclusion, realistic estimates point at precluding positive economic growth for the foreseeable future if temperatures are to be given a reasonable chance to become sustainably contained within sensible limits.

The role of international trade in managing food security risks from climate change

Food Security ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uris Lantz C. Baldos ◽  
Thomas W. Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Security Risks

scholarly journals Energy efficiency, resilience to future climates and long-term sustainability: the role of the built environment

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1914) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
The Uk

Just under half of all energy consumption in the UK today takes place indoors, and over a quarter within our homes. The challenges associated with energy security, climate change and sustainable consumption will be overcome or lost in our existing buildings. A background analysis, and the scale of the engineering challenge for the next three to four decades, is described in this paper.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document