scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Shear Strength Parallel to Fiber of Different Local Bamboo Species in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8164
Author(s):  
Brian E. Bautista ◽  
Lessandro E. O. Garciano ◽  
Luis F. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Average Shear Strength ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris

There are limited published studies related to the mechanical properties of bamboo species in the Philippines. In this study, the shear strength properties of some economically viable bamboo species in the Philippines were properly characterized based on 220 shear test results. The rationales of selecting this mechanical property are the following: (1) Shear strength, parallel to the fiber, has the highest variability among the mechanical properties; and (2) Shear is one of the governing forces on joint connections, and such connections are the points of failure on bamboo structures when subjected to extreme loading conditions. ISO 22157-1 (2017) test protocol for shear was used for all tests. The results showed that Bambusa blumeana has the highest average shear strength, followed by Gigantochloa apus, Dendrocalamus asper, Bambusa philippinensis, and Bambusa vulgaris. However, comparative analysis, using One-way ANOVA, showed that shear strength values among these bamboo species have significant differences statistically. A linear regression model is also established to estimate the shear strength of bamboo from the physical properties. Characteristic shear strength is also determined using ISO 12122-1 (2014) for future design reference.

Mechanical Properties of Bentonite-Sand Mixtures Under Triaxial Stress Condition

1994 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Umedera ◽  
A. Fujiwara ◽  
N. Yasufuku ◽  
M. Hyodo ◽  
H. Murata
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Optimum Water Content ◽  
Triaxial Compression Tests ◽  
Optimum Water

AbstractA series of triaxial compression tests is being conducted under the drained condition on bentonite and sand mixtures, known as buffer, in saturated and optimum water content states to clarify the mechanical properties of the buffer.It was found that the mechanical properties of bentonite and sand mixtures are strongly influenced by water and bentonite contents: shear strength in a saturated state is less than that in an optimum water content state; shear strength decreases rapidly with increasing bentonite content. Strength properties are much dependent on confining pressure.

Impregnation of Bambusa Vulgaris with Polymeric Resins

2012 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sobrinho ◽  
Sandro Marden Torres ◽  
Normando Perazzo Barbosa ◽  
Sandra Reyes Ortiz ◽  
Khosrow Ghavami
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Viscous Fluid ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Bamboo Species ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymeric Resins ◽  
External Face ◽  
Insect Attack

There are more than one thousand of bamboo species around the world, but in some areas the most common is the Bambusa vulgaris. Comparing with other species used in construction, it is more susceptible to insect attack and its strength is slower. This work shows some studies made using culms of this bamboo with the aim to improve its durability and mechanical properties by impregnation of polymeric resins into their vases. Some information about Bambusa vulgaris microstructure is done. The percentage of vases, fibers and parenchyma was measured using an optical microscope. The absorption of this species in liquids with different viscosities was determined. Using an equipment to force the liquid into the vases, time of penetration of fluids with different viscosity was measured. Results show that the fluids penetrate most easily in the internal vases, where the diameter is greater than that close to external face of the culms and confirm that it is possible to fill the bamboo vases with viscous fluid as oil or polymeric resins. The attack of insect was eliminated when a impregnation with a resin made by 80 % de styrene + 20 % de metilmetacriyate was applied to Bambusa vulgaris culms.

Stiffness and strength properties of five paperboards and their moisture dependency

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
GUSTAV MARIN ◽  
MIKAEL NYGARDS ◽  
SOREN OSTLUND
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Moisture Ratio ◽  
Machine Direction ◽  
Product Series

Five commercial multiply folding boxboards made on the same paperboard machine have been analyzed. The paperboards were from the same product series but had different grammage (235, 255, 270, 315, 340 g/m2) and different bending stiffness. The paperboards are normally used to make packages, and because the bending stiffness and grammage varies, the performance of the packages will differ. Finite element simulations can be used to predict these differences, but for this to occur, the stiffness and strength properties need to be deter-mined. For efficient determination of the three-dimensional properties in the machine direction (MD), cross direction (CD), and Z direction (ZD), it is proposed that the paperboard should be characterized using in-plane tension, ZD-tension, shear strength profiles, and two-point bending. The proposed setups have been used to determine stiff-ness and strength properties at different relative humidity (20,% 50%, 70%, and 90% RH), and the mechanical proper-ties have been evaluated as a function of moisture ratio. There was a linear relation between mechanical properties and moisture ratio for each paperboard. When the data was normalized with respect to the standard climate (50% RH) and plotted as a function of moisture ratio, it was shown that the normalized mechanical properties for all paperboards coincided along one single line and could therefore be expressed as a linear function of moisture ratio and two constants. Consequently, it is possible to obtain the mechanical properties of a paperboard by knowing the structural prop-erties for the preferred level of RH and the mechanical property for the standard climate (50% RH and 23°C).

Effect of Al Thin Film on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Diffusion-Bonded LY12/TC4 Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Qiang Guo Luo ◽  
Xue Shu Hu ◽  
Qiang Shen ◽  
Lian Meng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Interfacial Microstructure ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Average Shear Strength ◽  
Tc4 Alloy ◽  
Thin Interlayer ◽  
Al Thin Film

LY12/TC4 joints have wide applications in many industrial areas such as aerospace, nuclear and chemical industries. In the present study, TC4 alloy and LY12 alloy with and without aluminum thin film was produced under low temperature of 380 oC. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. The addition of the Al thin interlayer had largely improved the interfacial microstructure and shear strength of the joints. The average shear strength of LY12/Al/TC4 joints was 64.3 MPa which was 2.5 times larger than the LY12/TC4 joints’ strength. The shear fracture mainly occurred on the interface of LY12 and TC4 from the XRD result of fracture surfaces.

A Study on Brazing Process and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 792-795
Author(s):  
Xian Xie ◽  
Gao Feng Quan ◽  
Xiue Gu ◽  
Xing Ming Liu ◽  
Jia Le Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Resistance Furnace ◽  
Magnesium Alloy Az31 ◽  
Average Shear Strength ◽  
Average Shear ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Better Than

The brazing process of magnesium alloy AZ31 was studied, and the mechanical properties of the weld were examined, and the main factors were analyzed through brazing furnace tests in this work. Only with the protection of self-made brazing flux, a lap joint with the average shear strength of 30MPa could be obtained in an ordinary resistance furnace without inert gas protection, which is much better than that without flux in which the shear strength is lower than 10MPa.

Mechanical properties of Ficus vallis-choudae (Delile), a lesser utilized species in Nigeria

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6550-6560
Author(s):  
Lawrence Aguda ◽  
Babatunde Ajayi ◽  
Sylvester Areghan ◽  
Yetunde Olayiwola ◽  
Aina Kehinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Impact Bending ◽  
Timber Market

Declining availability of the prime economic species in the Nigerian timber market has led to the introduction of Lesser-Used Species (LUS) as alternatives. Their acceptability demands information on the technical properties of their wood. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of Ficus vallis-choudae to determine its potential for timber. Three mature Ficus vallis-choudae trees were selected and harvested from a free forest area in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Samples were collected from the base (10%), middle (50%), and top (90%) along the sampling heights of each tree, which was further partitioned into innerwood, centrewood, and outerwood across the sampling radial position. Investigations were carried out to determine the age, density, moisture content, impact strength, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, compressive strength parallel-to-grain, and shear strength parallel-to-grain. The mean impact bending strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, maximum shear strength parallel-to-grain, and maximum compression strength parallel-to-grain for Ficus vallis-choudae at 12% moisture content were 20.4 N/mm2, 85.8 N/mm2, 709 N/mm2, 10.7 N/mm2, and 33.6 N/mm2, respectively. The study found the species to be dense with high strength properties in comparison with well-known timbers used for constructional purposes.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of the gypsum composite reinforcement with wooden fibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Hošťálková ◽  
Nikola Vavřínová ◽  
Veronika Longauerová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties

The gypsum is one of the most often used materials in the civil engineering. Very often it is applied in the form of plasterboards without any reinforcement, for example, cladding boards are unusable as supporting construction. To improve the mechanical properties of plasterboards, fibrous materials such as cellulose or glass fiber are added. Reinforcement of gypsum with fibers improves in particular the flexural and shear strength. The main purpose of the research is to clarify whether natural wooden fibers could be used as the reinforced of composite gypsum building materials. Wooden fibers are used as a blown or board thermal insulation. This article presents the results of tests aimed at determining the mechanical and physical properties of gypsum composite reinforced with wooden fibers. The effect of the reinforcement on the strength properties as a compressive strength, flexural strength was verified on a series of test specimens. The results of the tests have shown that the reinforcing of gypsum composite has an impact on the mechanical-physical parameters.

scholarly journals The Determining Role of Nb Interlayer on Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti/Steel Clad Plate by Vacuum Rolling Cladding

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-ming Xie ◽  
De-han Yang ◽  
Zong-an Luo ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Ming-kun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Interfacial Microstructure ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analyzer ◽  
Average Shear Strength ◽  
Average Shear ◽  
Nb Interlayer

We elucidate here the determining role of Nb interlayer on mechanical properties of Ti/steel clad plate fabricated by vacuum rolling cladding (VRC) as a function of different heating temperatures. A critical analysis on the clad interface via electron probe micro-analyzer, X-ray diffractometer and shear testing were conducted to investigate the influence of TiC, Fe-Nb and TiFe compounds and Nb-Ti solid solution on microstructural evolution and shear properties of Ti/steel clad plate. The inter-diffusion between Ti, C and Fe was effectively restrained by adding the Nb interlayer at heating temperature of 800 °C, and average shear strength of 279 MPa was achieved. With increase of heating temperature, Nb-Ti solid solution was formed at the Ti/Nb interface, which reduced mechanical properties of clad plate at 900 °C. At 1000 °C, TiC and Nb-Fe compounds and Nb-Ti solid solution were formed at the interface, and minimum average shear strength of 152 MPa was achieved. The detailed analysis on the clad interface suggested that ideal shear strength can be obtained through the addition of Nb interlayer and selecting appropriate heating temperature.

Shear Strength Evaluation of Laminated Binderless Bamboo Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 750 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Takagi ◽  
Hirohito Matsukawa ◽  
Antonio Norio Nakagaito
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

In this paper, the interlaminar shear strength properties of laminated binderless bamboo composites is described. The binderless bamboo composites were prepared by hot-pressing of steam-exploded Moso bamboo stripes. In order to explore the effect of node section on the mechanical properties of the laminated binderless bamboo composites, the node section was flattened by shaving the nodes off. The result of our experiment clearly shows that the shear strength of the laminated binderless bamboo composites increased by flattening of the node section.

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