Energy Recovery from Scrap Tires: A Sustainable Option for Small Islands like Puerto Rico

<p>This paper presents an experimental approach on understanding and managing the environmental hazards of co-products resulted during energy recovery processes applied on scrap tires. As tire combustion faces serious problems related to harmful emissions, pyrolysis appear as a process that allow the management of toxic compounds.</p><p>Thus, for the reactions that occur during pyrolysis and combustion of tires organic matters the main intensive degradation thermal ranges have been established. The work was carried out by coupling thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of tire samples with bench scale reactor in order to identify the relationships between thermochemical behaviour and products distribution. </p>

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Archaeology of marronage in the Caribbean Antilles

Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia ◽

10.11606/issn.2448-1750.revmae.2020.164882 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Theresa Ann Singleton

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Greater Antilles ◽

Small Islands ◽

Short Term ◽

Caribbean Islands ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Preliminary Research ◽

Local Term

The archaeological study of maroons in the Caribbean Antilles presents both opportunities and challenges. On small islands, runaways had few places where they could seek refuge from slavery and elude capture for long periods of time. Consequently, such sites were occupied briefly and have been difficult to locate and identify. The Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico) had both short-term refuge sites and long-term settlements comparable to quilombos. Archaeologists have been most successful in their investigations maroons in Cuba and Jamaica. In Hispaniola, where I am working at the present, only a few cave sites and one presumed maniel (the local term for a long-term maroon settlements) have been studied. In this paper, I provide an overview of the archaeological study of maroons on the Caribbean Islands and my preliminary research to locate El Maniel de Ocoa, a major settlement of slave runaways for over a hundred years during 1500s-1660s.

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99/00746 Environmental impact of the energy recovery of scrap tires in a cement kiln

Fuel and Energy Abstracts ◽

10.1016/s0140-6701(99)93019-9 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 74

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impact ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Cement Kiln ◽

Scrap Tires

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Community evolution in Greater Antillean Anolis lizards: phylogenetic patterns and experimental tests

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1995.0092 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 349 (1327) ◽

pp. 69-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rico ◽

Habitat Use ◽

Adaptive Radiation ◽

Driving Force ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Small Islands ◽

Ecological Interactions ◽

Morphological Adaptation ◽

Community Evolution

Phytogenies can be useful not only as a means of examining evolutionary hypotheses, but also as a source of hypotheses that can be tested using extant taxa. I illustrate this approach with examples from the study of community evolution in Caribbean Anolis lizards. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that not only are Anolis communities on Jamaica and Puerto Rico convergent in structure, but they have attained their similarity by evolving through a nearly identical sequence of ancestral communities. Examination of the pattern of community evolution suggests that interspecific competition is the driving force behind anole adaptive radiation. This hypothesis can be tested by investigating whether anoles shift their habitat use in the presence of competitors and, if so, whether such shifts lead to morphological adaptation to the new habitat. These hypotheses have been tested experimentally by introducing lizards onto small islands. Preliminary results indicate the existence of ecological interactions among sympatric anoles and that shifts in habitat use are accompanied by microevolutionary changes in morphology.

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