Utilization of Prosopis Juliflora Root Powder as a Self Curing Agent

2019 ◽  
pp. 342-345
Author(s):  
Pradeesh V ◽  
Karthikeyan S ◽  
Prabakaran D
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Fresh Concrete ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Water Holding

Curing plays a chief function in the improving the strength of concrete. The function of a self-curing agent is to save the water and to reduce the water evaporation from the concrete, and hence they increase the water retention capacity of concrete compared to the conventionally cured concrete. Prosopisjuliflora root powder is used as admixtures for self-curing concrete in this study. Prosopisjuliflora (SeemaiKaruvelam in Tamil) grows tremendously and spreads due to its mechanism to overcome adverse conditions of like drought and salt. With deep penetrating roots, it can draw water from deeper layers. Their root has high water holding capacity, so powder made from it can be used as admixture for self-curing concrete. This project involves the experimental investigation of self-curing of concrete by using Prosopisjuliflora root powder. Tests on fresh concrete and hardened concrete were conducted. From the results, we have concluded that adding prosopisjuliflora root powder as a self-curing agent in the concrete mix at various percentages, the addition of 0.75% of prosopisjuliflora root powder by the weight of cement attains the 28 days compressive strength of a conventional M25 grade concrete in 7 days.

Properties and Management of Allophanic Soils

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. R. Juo ◽  
Kathrin Franzluebbers
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
High Soil

Allophanic soils are dark-colored young soils derived mainly from volcanic ash. These soils typically have a low bulk density (< 0.9 Mg/m3), a high water retention capacity (100% by weight at field capacity), and contain predominantly allophanes, imogolite, halloysite, and amorphous Al silicates in the clay fraction. These soils are found in small, restricted areas with volcanic activity. Worldwide, there are about 120 million ha of allophanic soils, which is about 1% of the Earth's ice-free land surface. In tropical regions, allophanic soils are among the most productive and intensively used agricultural soils. They occur in the Philippines, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Caribbean and South Pacific islands, East Africa, Central America, and the Andean rim of South America. Allophanic soils are primarily Andisols and andic Inceptisols, Entisols, Mollisols, and Alfisols according to the Soil Taxonomy classification. Allophanic soils generally have a dark-colored surface soil, slippery or greasy consistency, a predominantly crumb and granular structure, and a low bulk density ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 Mg/m3. Although allophanic soils are apparently well-drained, they still have a very high water content many days after rain. When the soil is pressed between fingers, it gives a plastic, greasy, but non-sticky sensation of a silty or loamy texture. When dry, the soil loses its greasiness and becomes friable and powdery. The low bulk density of allophanic soils is closely related to the high soil porosity. For example, moderately weathered allophanic soils typically have a total porosity of 78%, with macro-, meso-, and micropores occupying 13%, 33%, and 32%, respectively. Water retained in the mesopores is readily available for plant uptake. Water retained in the micropores is held strongly by soil particles and is not readily available for plant use. The macropores provide soil aeration and facilitate water infiltration. The high water retention capacity is also associated with the high soil porosity. In allophanic soils formed under a humid climate, especially those containing large amounts of allophane, the moisture content at field capacity can be as high as 300%, calculated on a weight basis. Such extremely high values of water content seem misleading.

scholarly journals Testing of experimental samples of nanofibrillar cellulose in the production of lightweight coated paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
E.T. Tyurin ◽  
◽  
A.A. Zuikov ◽  
A.I. Bondarev ◽  
L.P. Gulyanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Paper Coatings ◽  
Nanofibrillar Cellulose ◽  
Coating Composition

The influence of nanofibrillar cellulose samples on the coating compositions water retention is considered. It was shown that gels of nanofibrillar cellulose and coating compositions based on them are distinguished by a high water-retention capacity during centrifugation (50.8% and 31.0% versus 17.7% with NaCMC). A preliminary assessment of the printing and technical properties of light weight coated paper (LWC) using nanofibrillar cellulose in the coating composition has been carried out. The technical characteristics of nanofibrillar cellulose have been determined, formulations of lightweight paper coatings have been developed for high-speed modern equipment.

Innovative green roof with high water retention and durability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Cornelius Buch-Hanser ◽  
Guangli Du ◽  
David John Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Concrete Element ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Roof System

<p>Given the rapid increase in urban populations, combined with the effects of climate change, cities are struggling to provide green spaces to address liveability as well as adaptability to new challenges. Water retention and bio-diversity are the main advantages of green roofs. There are, however, limitations to green roofs that impede their acceptance and proliferation. There is for example uncertainty on how much water they retain during major storm events. In terms of building technology, green roofs today aren’t robust, and the risk for leakage through the roof membrane is disproportionally high when compared to the cost. A newly developed innovative green roof system with high water retention capacity and high durability will be presented. The patented prefabricated technology incorporate insulation and membrane into a single concrete element, ensuring improved robustness, quickened building times and a long term durable product. Initial indications for pricing indicate that the system is price-neutral when compared with green roofs as they are built today. The optimized structural performance obtain same loadbearing capacity, as existing systems, in spite of the relatively increased space created for water reservoir, without compromising the insulation capacity, hence the new green roof system further contribute to increased sustainability.</p>

scholarly journals Time Dependent Influence of Rotating Magnetic Field on Bacterial Cellulose

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Fijałkowski ◽  
Rafał Rakoczy ◽  
Anna Żywicka ◽  
Radosław Drozd ◽  
Beata Zielińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Rotating Magnetic Field ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Holding

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of rotating magnetic field (RMF) on the morphology, physicochemical properties, and the water holding capacity of bacterial cellulose (BC) synthetized by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. The cultures of G. xylinus were exposed to RMF of frequency that equals 50 Hz and magnetic induction 34 mT for 3, 5, and 7 days during cultivation at 28°C in the customized RMF exposure system. It was revealed that BC exposed for 3 days to RMF exhibited the highest water retention capacity as compared to the samples exposed for 5 and 7 days. The observation was confirmed for both the control and RMF exposed BC. It was proved that the BC exposed samples showed up to 26% higher water retention capacity as compared to the control samples. These samples also required the highest temperature to release the water molecules. Such findings agreed with the observation via SEM examination which revealed that the structure of BC synthesized for 7 days was more compacted than the sample exposed to RMF for 3 days. Furthermore, the analysis of 2D correlation of Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated the impact of RMF exposure on the dynamics of BC microfibers crystallinity formation.

scholarly journals Differentiation of eiincorns by water retention capacity

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Hao Fu ◽  
V.S. Lyutenko ◽  
V.V. Zhmurko ◽  
R. L. Bohuslavskyi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Einkorn Wheat ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Method Of Principal Components ◽  
Triticum Boeoticum ◽  
Water Holding

Aim. On the basis of multivariate analysis, to differentiate einkorn wheat accessions by the water-holding capacity of leaves and ears and the parameters of these organs at the level of species and genotypes. Methods. The water-holding capacity was assessed by the moisture-yielding coefficient which was determined by the method of N.N. Kozhushko (Kozhushko, 1988). Differentiation of einkorn samples was carried out by the method of principal components in the interpretation of A.V. Korosov (Korosov, 1996). Results. Triticum monococcum UA0300113, Syria, and UA0300282, Hungary were characterized by the lowest specific moisture-yielding coefficients: for the second and flag leaves, respectively, (mg / cm2) 10.9, 7.0 and 11.4, 10.7; ears – the same samples as well as Triticum boeoticum UA0300401, Ukraine-Crimea: (mg / cm) 29.6, 28.2, 25.4. With an increase in the size of the lamina, there is a tendency to a decrease in its specific moisture yield. The samples of eincorn are differentiated into 4 clusters corresponding to the species. Conclusions. T. monococcum UA0300113, Syria, and UA0300282, Hungary are relatively drought tolerant. The complex of features characterizing leaf and spike size in combination with the moisture-yielding coefficients processed by the method of principal components makes it possible to differentiate einkorn oaccessions by species and genotype. Keywords: einkorns, moisture yield, drought resistance, leaf, ear.

scholarly journals Study of drought tolerance of hybrid material of home plum in southern Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
A. A. Kochubey ◽  
R. Sh. Zaremuk
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Hybrid Forms

Relevance. The aim of the research was to determine the physiological characteristics of the manifestation of resistance to stress factors (drought) of new hybrid forms of domestic plum and the allocation of the most drought-resistant in the environmental conditions of southern gardening.Methods. The article presents the results of drought tolerance studies of six promising hybrid forms of home plum (17–1-55, 17–1-69, 17–2-64, 17–2-78, 17–2-81, 17–3-79), concentrated in the genetic collection of SKFNTSVV. The main indicators characterizing the varieties and hybrids of home plum were determined as drought tolerant — the water content of the leaves and the water holding capacity of the leaves under conditions of summer moisture deficiency.Results. The water content of leaf tissue of hybrid forms in the hottest period (second — third decade of July) was heterogeneous. The highest water content in tissues was observed in hybrid seedlings 17–2-64 (63.1%) and 17–2-81 (59.6%). The smallest value was observed in the hybrid 17–3-79 and amounted to 49.7%. According to the data obtained, it was concluded that the studied hybrid forms do not differ in high water content, with the exception of hybrid 17–2-64, in which the water content can be characterized as above average. It was found that the water retention capacity of most hybrid forms is average. The total water content after withering in the studied hybrids was more than 80%. The greatest decrease in the amount of water in the leaves was observed in hybrids 17–1-55 (18.9%), 17–2-64 (18.5%), 17–3-79 (18.4%); the smallest — in hybrids 17–1-69 (13.3%), 17–2-78 (13.6%), which indicates a highwater retention capacity of the last two hybrids. With a general assessment of the hybrid fund of home plum, it was found that most hybrids studied have low hydration of leaf tissue and average water retention capacity. Based on this, two drought-resistant hybrid forms were identified: 17–1-69 and 17–2-78, which, despite the low water content, are distinguished by good water-holding ability in comparison with other hybrids and, as a consequence, the conservation of leaf turgor.

scholarly journals Effect of drying temperature on quality of β-glucan in white oat grains

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro da Conceição Oliveira ◽  
Maurício Oliveira ◽  
Volnei Luiz Meneghetti ◽  
Simone Mazzutti ◽  
Luciane Maria Colla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Harvest Moisture ◽  
Water Holding

Oats have received attention because of their nutritional characteristics, especially their high-quality content of β-glucan. The drying process reduces water content; therefore they can be preserved for long periods. However, high-temperature drying process may affect the physical, chemical, and functional properties of the grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different drying temperatures on β-glucan quality in oat grains. Grains of oats (Avena sativa, L.), cultivar Albasul, harvested at harvest moisture content of 23% were submitted to stationary drying at air temperatures of 25, 50, 75, and 100 ºC until they reached 13% moisture content. The β-glucan content was determined in samples of oat grains and extraction was performed using water as solvent at 90 ºC. The β-glucan extract was evaluated for water holding capacity, water retention capacity, capacity of displacement, and gelation properties. Stationary of oat grains at air temperatures above 25 ºC decreased the water holding capacity, whereas the content of β-glucan and the water retention capacity of β-glucan extract was affected at temperatures above 50 ºC. Physical changes such as increased gelation capacity of the β-glucan extract occurred following drying at air temperature over 75 ºC.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Compressive Strength, Water Retention And Water Absorption of self-curing Concrete With Different Curing Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01118
Author(s):  
S.P.Raju. V ◽  
Martha Saikumar ◽  
T. Srinivas ◽  
G.V.D.N. SaiVamsi ◽  
A. Vijaya Srinivas Srikar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Curing Agents

Curing of concrete is maintaining satisfactory moisture content in concrete during its early stages in order to develop the desired properties. « However good curing is not always practical in many cases, therefore the need to develop self-curing agents attracted several researchers ». « The concept of several self-curing agents is to reduce water evaporation from concrete and hence increase the water retention capacity of concrete compared to conventional concrete, the use of self-curing agent is very important from the point view that water resources are getting valuable every day ». This project summarizes various aspects of self-curing of concrete which can be of valuable assistance in adopting good construction practices at site. M25 grade concrete cube specimens prepared based on the standards and availability of materials without and with 30% of flyash and quarry dust replaced as cement and fine aggregate and cubes cured by covering them with a external self-curing compound BONDIT CURE WB, air dried and normal water. These specimens are then tested after 7,14 and 28 days to obtain the compressive strength in three different conditions. The compressive strength of concrete cubes is calculated and compressive strength of self-curing concrete is compared with the different conditions. At the end of curing period of 7,14 and 28 days the amount of water retained in self cured concrete cubes is calculated and compared with the air dried cubes. Water absorption test is conducted on air dried concrete and self cured concrete cubes and the amount of water is absorbed is calculate and compared.

scholarly journals Aspecto nutricional do biocarvão na produção de mudas de rúcula em condições semiáridas

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Joabe Freitas Crispim ◽  
Jailma Suerda Silva de Lima ◽  
Jessika Kaliane Barbosa da Silva ◽  
Antônio Gideilson Correia da Silva ◽  
Gabriel Kariel Ferreira Ferdandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
High Water ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
R Software ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Neck Diameter

The biochar obtained from pyrolysis of vegetable biomass gives the plant a good nutritional supply and has a high water retention capacity, however there are still few studies evaluating its use in the production of leafy vegetable seedlings. With that, the objective of this work was to determine proportions of biochar in sand that allow better development of rocket seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid (UFERSA). The experimental design used was completely randomized with six treatments (0; 10; 20; 30; 40; 50% of biochar) and ten replications. The evaluated characteristics were: Twinning; Number of leaves per plant; Root length; Plant height; Neck diameter; Fresh and dry mass of plants and water content in the plant. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The procedure for adjusting the response curves was performed using the R software. The 50% biochar proportion is recommended in the production of arugula seedlings as it provides better development in the plants, promoting significant improvements in all the characteristics analyzed, except germination and number of leaves per plant.

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