scholarly journals STUDY OF THE USE FEATURES OF THE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS FOR THE HEAVY METALS DETERMINATION IN SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
P. Kozub ◽  
S. Vambol ◽  
S. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Concentration Dependences ◽  
Xrd Method

Under conditions of intense anthropogenic impact on ecosystems, due to the ingress of heavy metals into the environment, the ecosystems' protective properties have significantly decreased. Now the search for accurate, simple and affordable methods for heavy metals determining in soil is an urgent task, since reducing the time to accurately determine the content of these toxic elements will facilitate the rapid application of effective methods to improve the soils' condition. The work purpose is to study the features of the heavy metals determination in soil by the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method and to develop recommendations for conducting an accurate soil analysis for the heavy metals content. As test pollutants, salts of transition and post-transition metals were used: FeSO4·7H2O, Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, ZnSO4, SrCl2, PbCl2, CoCl2. To determine the elements' concentrations, a Sprut-K energy dispersive spectrometer (Ukrrentgen JSC, Kharkov) with an X-123 SDD detector from Amptek (USA) was used. It was found that the lower concentration of most heavy metals, which must be determined, reaches 0.01 mg/L. During the XRD method' sensitivity study, the results as pulses' number for each of the studied metals were obtained. It was found that even at a higher concentration, the pulses number is much smaller in the presence of adhesive tape on top, which indicates that it is not completely transparent, and it is desirable to produce samples for analysis open to the sensor. In addition, it was found that the heavy metals' pulses number during heat treatment of the soil decreases. The concentration dependences' study showed that the dependence of the concentration of the metal is not linear, but can be very well described by the quadratic binomial for all the studied metals. The study originality lies in the development of recommendations for the samples preparation for the heavy metals determination in soil. The practical value lies in the development of recommendations for the determination of heavy metals in soil by the XRD method, which can be successfully applied in real conditions.

Evaluation of the Elemental Composition of Hemerocallis as a Bioindicator of the Ecological State of the Urbanized Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
L.L. Sedelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Novosibirsk Oblast ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
First Time

As a result, the study using the method of x-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation (SRX RF), for the first time obtained reliable data on the content of 20 elements in the above-ground (leaves) and underground (rhizome) plant organs Hemerocallis hybrida (sort Regal Air) growing in an urban environment in the Novosibirsk oblast. It is shown that the maximum concentration of most elements falls on the organs of plants that live in a man-made environment. The high content of heavy metals – lead, zinc, iron, manganese, copper – in the leaves was noted. The increased concentration of chemical elements in the organs of plants Hemerocallis hybrida, which suggests that they are bioindicators of the ecological state of industrial transport zones.

scholarly journals A high-efficiency Klebsiella variicola H12-CMC-FeS@biochar for chromium removal from aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Runlan Yu ◽  
Meilian Man ◽  
Zhaojing Yu ◽  
Xueling Wu ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Chemical Materials

AbstractIn polluted groundwater, surface water, and industrial sites, chromium is found as one of the most common heavy metals, and one of the 20 main pollutants in China, which poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health. Combining biological and chemical materials to treat groundwater contaminated by heavy metals is a promising restoration technology. In this research, Klebsiella variicola H12 (abbreviated as K. variicola) was found to have Cr(VI) reduction ability. A high-efficiency Klebsiella variicola H12-carboxymethyl cellulose (abbreviated as CMC)-FeS@biochar system was established for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM–EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated that CMC-FeS was successfully loaded onto the surface of biochar, and K. variicola H12 grew well in the presence of CMC-FeS@biochar with microbial biomass up to 4.8 × 108 cells mL−1. Cr(VI) removal rate of CMC-FeS@biochar system, K. variicola H12 system and K. variicola H12 + CMC-FeS@biochar system were 61.8%, 82.2% and 96.6% respectively. This study demonstrated K. variicola H12-CMC-FeS@biochar system have potential value for efficient removal of Cr(VI) from Cr(VI)-polluted groundwater.

scholarly journals New data on brown coal occurrences in the Yamutarida and Dyuntaturku-yamu river basin in the northern part of the Yenisei-khatanga trough

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
A. N. Zhuravlév ◽  
I. E. Stukalova
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Trace Element Composition ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Petrographic Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Characteristic Lines ◽  
Northern Russia

Background. New information was obtained on brown coal occurrences in the northern part of the Yenisei-Khatanga trough (Lake Taimyr area). This region continues to attract the attention of geologists and oil producers due to its established oil and gas potential.Aim. To study the lithological features of rocks and material-petrographic composition of coals from a new promising area of the Yenisei-Khatanga trough in northern Russia.Materials and methods. A set of geological, lithological, and petrographic research methods was used to study a series of samples of coals and host rocks. Measurements were carried out on a QDI-302 Craic Spectrophotometer microscope with a 50× objective lens according to the standard methodology ISO 7404-5 in reflected polarised light using a Spinel standard (Ro = 0.426%) in oil immersion. X-ray fluorescence analysis was performed using a Respect device with an energy dispersive spectrometer without vacuum, having an X-ray tube with a silver anode (registration of elements only from K to U). Anode voltage — 30 kV. Current — 0.3 mA. Exposure time (τ) — 300 s. Y axis — intensity of characteristic lines, rel. unitsResults. The lithological features of the studied samples were elucidated, and the material-petrographic composition of the coals was studied. In the spore-pollen assemblage from the studied deposits, the dominant associations were determined by the predominance of two-bag pollen of Disaccites (Pinaceae) conifers. On this basis, the age of the Begichevskaya Formation rocks was established as belonging to the Albian and Cenomanian stages of the Lower-Middle Cretaceous.Conclusion. The degree of variability of coals was estimated; their grades (technological groups) and the trace element composition of ash were determined. The reflection values of vitrinites were measured in order to clarify the stage of changes in brown coals and obtain the quantitative characteristics of their quality. The reflection values of vitrinites (Ro) are from 0.32 to 0.52%, which corresponds to the stages of brown coal changes, technological groups 1B—3B.

Development of an online X-ray fluorescence analysis system for heavy metals measurement in cement raw meal

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Qing ◽  
Zhang XinLei ◽  
Zhang Yan ◽  
Jia WenBao ◽  
Ling YongSheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analysis System

Adaptation of the Egs4 Monte Carlo Fode for the Design of a Polarized Source for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Platinum and Other Heavy Metals In Vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Lewis ◽  
G. Lewis ◽  
C.A. Oggt
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Main Research Interest ◽  
Kinetics Of

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) has become a well established technique for the measurement of trace levels of toxic heavy metals in vivo, including cadmium, platinum, mercury and lead (Mattsson et al.. 1987). The clinical motivation for the measurement of platinum (Pt) is the need to investigate the kinetics of Pt-based cancer chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin and paraplatin. Currently the main research interest in Swansea lies in the study of the uptake and distribution of Pt administered during chemotherapy of patients with tumours in the head and neck region.

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