Treatment Methods Conditioned by the Gravity of Drug-Induced Gingival Hyperplasias

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2618-2622
Author(s):  
Alina Mihaela Calin ◽  
Mihaela Debita ◽  
Raluca Dragomir ◽  
Ovidiu Mihail Stefanescu ◽  
Cristian Budacu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Systemic Medication ◽  
Bacterial Plaque

The first drug discovered to be involved in the development of gingival hyperplasia is phenytoin, which is indicated in the treatment of epileptic patients. The other drugs are calcium channel blockers with vasodilating effect. The most important one is Nifedipine, while Ciclosporin A, which is used as an immunosuppressant in the prevention of transplant rejection, causes gingival hyperplasia as a secondary effect. Gingival hyperplasia can reach an impressive volume, completely covering the dental crown and affecting the masticatory and physiognomic functions. The elucidation of the mechanism, by which drug-induced gingival hyperplasia occurs, favoring factors and the choice of conservative or surgical treatment methods, emphasizing the prophylactic treatment. The study batch was subject to intraoral and extraoral clinical examinations and the data were included in the dental treatment sheet of each patient, 11 patients aged over 60 years, who came to the Clinic ... in the period 2014-2016. The diagnosis was based on the anamnesis, the clinical aspect of the lesions and the histopathological examination. After the surgical excision of the hyperplasia affected area, recurrence was prevented by dispensarizing the patients and controlling the bacterial plaque through rigorous oral hygiene. Treatment depends on the severity of the lesions, as well as on the physionomic and masticatory functions. Conservative etiological therapy is attempted, by removing the bacterial plaque and local irritant factors, by reducing the dose of drugs, or by changing the systemic medication.

Phenobarbital-induced Gingival Hyperplasia

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardeshir Lafzi ◽  
Ramin Mostofi Zadeh Farahani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mohajjel Shoja
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Cyclosporine Therapy ◽  
Collagenous Fibers

Abstract Aim The aim of this article is to present a case of a phenobarbital-induced gingival hyperplasia (GH), discuss possible etiological mechanisms of drug-induced GH, and to present a concise review of the literature. Background GH is a well-known complication associated with anticonvulsant phenytoin, antihypertensive calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressant cyclosporine therapy. Sodium valproate and primidone has very rarely been found to cause GH. Report An extremely rare case of phenobarbital-induced GH in a 28-year-old male patient who had received this drug for three years is presented. The histological examination of the lesion revealed a hyperplastic epithelium, epithelial acanthosis, and elongated rete ridges as well as obviously enhanced dense collagenous fibers and proliferation of fibroblasts. Summary Phenobarbital-induced GH is a rare clinical entity which necessitates meticulous evaluation. However, it seems to show a benign behavior with reference to recurrence after surgical excision. Citation Lafzi A, Farahani RMZ, Shoja MAM. Phenobarbital-induced Gingival Hyperplasia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 September; (8)6:050-056.

Amlodipine Induced Gum Hypertrophy – A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryanarayana Challa Reddy ◽  
Naresh Midha ◽  
Vivek Chhabra ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Gopal Krishna Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth

Background: DIGO or drug-induced gingival overgrowth occurs as a side effect of certain drugs. Until now, the etiology of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is not clearly understood. Among the calcium channel blockers, nifedipine has been shown to be most frequently associated with drug-induced gingival hyperplasia. Amlodipine is a comparatively newer calcium channel blocker that witha longer duration of action and lesser side effects as compared to nifedipine. There are only certain case reports of amlodipine-induced gum hyperplasia. Case presentation: We report a case of amlodipine-induced gum hyperplasia in a 66-year-old hypertensive patient taking amlodipine at a dose of 5 mg once a day. There was significant regression of gum hypertrophy after substitution of amlodipine by Losartan. Conclusion: Amlodipine is one of the commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs, and gingival hyperplasia is one overlooked side effect in patients taking amlodipine. Awareness of this potential side effect of amlodipine may be helpful to reduce the anxiety of patients and the cost of diagnostic procedures.

scholarly journals Drug-Induced Gingival Overgrowth: A Pilot Study on the Effect of Diphenylhydantoin and Gabapentin on Human Gingival Fibroblasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8229
Author(s):  
Dorina Lauritano ◽  
Giulia Moreo ◽  
Luisa Limongelli ◽  
Elena Tregambi ◽  
Annalisa Palmieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Deposition

Introduction. The administration of several classes of drugs can lead to the onset of gingival overgrowth: anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers. Among the anticonvulsants, the main drug associated with gingival overgrowth is diphenylhydantoin. Materials and Methods. In this study, we compared the effects of diphenylhydantoin and gabapentin on 57 genes belonging to the “Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Molecule” pathway, present in human fibroblasts of healthy volunteers. Results. Both molecules induce the same gene expression profile in fibroblasts as well as a significant upregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix deposition like COL4A1, ITGA7, and LAMB3. The two treatments also induced a significant downregulation of genes involved in the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteases like MMP11, MMP15, MMP16, MMP24, and transmembrane receptor ITGB4. Conclusions. Data recorded in our study confirmed the hypothesis of a direct action of these drugs at the periodontium level, inducing an increase in matrix production, a reduction in its degradation, and consequently resulting in gingival hyperplasia.

scholarly journals Piloleiomyoma Presented by Multiple Cutaneous Nodules: a Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
Lala Cahangirova ◽  
Jamal Musayev
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Punch Biopsy ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Rare Benign Tumor ◽  
Adrenergic Blockers

Abstract Introduction. Piloleiomyoma is a rare benign tumor which is caused by erector pili muscle and makes up 5% of all leiomyomas. They can be solitary and multiple. Multiple lesions still pose challenges for clinicians since their treatment option is very limited. Case report. We report a case of a 25-year-old male patient who had painful papules and nodules on the neck and chest for three years. Multiple red-brown papules and nodules in the skin of regio mammaria dextra and regio submandibularis on the left were seen on physical examination. Histopathological examination of punch bi-were seen on physical examination. Histopathological examination of punch biopsy sample revealed well-circumscribed nodule composed of spindle cells. The case was reported as cutaneous leiomyoma (piloleiomyoma). The patient was given 5 mg/day amlodipin and kept under control. Conclusion. The ideal treatment option for piloleiomyoma is surgical excision, but the problem with that treatment is that the lesions have tendency to recur. Medicamentous therapy plays a limited role; however, calcium-channel blockers and α-adrenergic blockers may help in palliating or eliminating associated pain through inhibition of smooth muscle contraction.

scholarly journals Laser Therapy In Drug Induced Gingival Hyperplasia- A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Bacterial Burden ◽  
Drug Induced

Gingival excess is related with various components including innate infections, hormonal unsettling influences, helpless oral cleanliness condition, aggravation, neoplastic conditions, and unfavorable medication responses including anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants. This can have an inconvenient impact on the personal satisfaction and furthermore on high oral bacterial burden brought about by plaqueretentive regions. Different treatment modalities incorporate both careful (gingivectomy, periodontal fold, electrosurgery, and laser extraction) and nonsurgical methodologies. This case report reveals the treatment of drug induced gingival hyperplasia with laser

scholarly journals A rare case of accelerated gingival overgrowth with high dose amlodipine therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Rakesh B M ◽  
Sahithi Sharma ◽  
Chandana K H
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Gingival Overgrowth

Introduction: Gingival overgrowth represents an over-exuberant response to a variety of local and systemic conditions. Certain anticonvulsants, immunosuppressive drugs, and a number of calcium channel blockers have been shown to produce similar gingival overgrowth in susceptible patients. Case report: We report a case of accelerated drug-induced gingival overgrowth in a 60-year-old hypertensive patient taking amlodipine at a dose of 10 mg. Conclusions: Among the calcium channel blockers, nifedipine is most frequently associated with gingival overgrowth.  Whereas, there is limited evidence of amlodipine-induced gingival hyperplasia.

scholarly journals Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma of the Mandible: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abelardo Loya-Solis ◽  
Karla Judith González-Colunga ◽  
Cynthia M. Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Natalie Sofía Ramírez-Ochoa ◽  
Luis Ceceñas-Falcón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Odontogenic Epithelium ◽  
Left Mandible ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
One Year

Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is an uncommon odontogenic tumor composed of a benign epithelial component and a malignant ectomesenchymal component most frequently seen in the third and fourth decades of life. It mainly presents as a painful maxillary or mandibular swelling. Radiographs show a radiolucent mass with ill-defined borders. Radical surgical excision and long-term follow-up are the suggested treatment. We report the case of a 22-year-old female with a 2-month history of an asymptomatic swelling in her left mandible. Examination revealed an exophytic growth measuring3×3 cm extending from the mandibular left first premolar to the second molar. The patient underwent a left hemimandibular resection. Histopathological examination revealed a biphasic tumor composed of inconspicuous islands of benign odontogenic epithelium and an abundant malignant mesenchymal component with marked cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromatism, and moderate mitotic figures with clear margins; one year after the surgical procedure, the patient is clinically and radiologically disease-free.

scholarly journals A Case of Incidental Schwannoma Mimicking Necrotic Metastatic Lymph Node from Bladder Cancer

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hyouk Choi ◽  
Koo-Han Yoo ◽  
Dong-Gi Lee ◽  
Gyeong-Eun Min ◽  
Gou-Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Metastatic Lymph Node ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Cystic Tumor ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography ◽  
Retroperitoneal Schwannoma

Background and Objectives: Retroperitoneal schwannoma is a very rare case of schwannoma which commonly occurs in the other part of the body. However, it is difficult to distinguish schwannoma from other tumors before pathological examination because they do not show specific characteristics on imaging study such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance image (MRI). Case summary: A 60-year-old male showed a retroperitoneal cystic tumor which is found incidentally during evaluation of coexisted bladder tumor. Neurogenic tumor was suspicious for the retroperitoneal tumor through pre-operative imaging study. Finally, a schwannoma was diagnosed by immunohistochemical examination after complete surgical excision laparoscopically. Conclusion: As imaging technology is developed, there may be more chances to differentiate schwannoma from other neoplasm. However, still surgical resection and histopathological examination is feasible for diagnosis of schwannoma.

scholarly journals Vulvar Lipoma: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 647-649
Author(s):  
Ahmed Reda ◽  
Ihab Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Vulvar Mass

AbstractThe present study is a case report of vulvar lipoma. The vulva is a rare site for the development of lipomas, and the aim of the study is to determine if the current imaging modalities can diagnose lipomas correctly. A 43-year-old patient presented with a painless, slowly progressive, oval, mobile and non-tender right vulvar mass compressing the vagina and totally covering the introitus. Both the ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams suggested the diagnosis of lipoma. Surgical excision was performed, and the histopathological examination of the mass confirmed a lipoma.

scholarly journals Drug-Induced Heart Failure (Part 2: Mechanisms of Development, Clinical Signs, Differential Diagnosis, Risk Factors, Treatment and Prevention)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
O. D. Ostroumova ◽  
I. V. Goloborodova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Developing Heart

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome caused by an impaired pumping function of the heart muscle, etiologically associated with cardiovascular disease and, in the vast majority of cases, requiring complex therapeutic regimens and simultaneous prescription of several drugs. To date, we know several classes of drugs (including those used for heart failure) which can induce development/progression of heart failure in both patients with left ventricular dysfunction, and in patients who do not have cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to analyse and systematize data on development mechanisms, as well as methods of prevention and treatment of drug-induced heart failure when using diff erent groups of drugs. It has been established that drug-induced heart failure is most often associated with the use of calcium channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine), beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic drugs (disopyramide, fl ecainide, propafenone, amiodarone, ibutilide, dofetilide, dronedarone), anthracyclines (doxorubicin) and other antitumor drugs (trastuzumab, bevacizumab, infl iximab), hypoglycemic drugs (thiazolidinediones, saxagliptin, alogliptin), and nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drugs, including selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. The study revealed various mechanisms of heart failure development following drug treatment. In some patients, heart failure development is associated with the cardiotoxic eff ect of a particular drug, in others with adverse eff ects on hemodynamics. Much depends on risks of developing heart failure, including specifi c risks attributable to groups of drugs and individual drugs. The identifi cation of drugs that can contribute to the development/ progression of heart failure, and possible clinical manifestations of drug-induced heart failure, as well as provision of timely information to physicians, and engagement of clinical pharmacologists with the aim of optimizing treatment of patients can facilitate timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of drug-induced heart failure. 

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