scholarly journals Predictors of Perceived Salt Intake and Actual Salt Intake in Romania. Implications for public policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3622-3626
Author(s):  
Corina Ilinca ◽  
Marian Preda ◽  
Stefania Matei ◽  
Stephen J. Cutler ◽  
Oana Tautu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Major Discrepancy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender

Salt intake is one of the important predictors of hypertension, a widespread chronic disease among adults. Much remains to be known about its causes, especially in the Romanian context, where there is a scarcity of analyses on this particular topic. Its predictors are relevant for public policy in order to evaluate what strategy should be adopted given actual levels of salt intake and the way people think about their levels of salt intake. Our analyses focus on actual and perceived salt intake. Data for this analysis come from the SEPHAR project, gathered in 2016 (wave 3), a nationally representative sample of Romanians. After noting a major discrepancy between perceived and actual levels of salt intake, we used two regressions with actual and perceived salt intake as dependent variables and three types of factors as independent variables: socio-demographic (age, gender, region, type of locality, education), lifestyle (fat diet, alcohol consumption, active lifestyle, and smoking) and related diseases (obesity and diabetes). Results show Romanians have similar levels of salt intake perceptions independently of the characteristics considered, except fat diet and diabetes, and similar levels of actual salt intake except age and gender, even though previous research shows that there are differences between individuals across these characteristics when it comes to considering hypertension as a dependent variable. We conclude by noting policy interventions regarding salt intake based on the results of this research, especially the need to update the current Romanian TV campaign to reduce salt intake or similar campaigns from other countries.

scholarly journals Predictors of Perceived Salt Intake and Actual Salt Intake in Romania. Implications for public policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3622-3626
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Major Discrepancy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender

Salt intake is one of the important predictors of hypertension, a widespread chronic disease among adults. Much remains to be known about its causes, especially in the Romanian context, where there is a scarcity of analyses on this particular topic. Its predictors are relevant for public policy in order to evaluate what strategy should be adopted given actual levels of salt intake and the way people think about their levels of salt intake. Our analyses focus on actual and perceived salt intake. Data for this analysis come from the SEPHAR project, gathered in 2016 (wave 3), a nationally representative sample of Romanians. After noting a major discrepancy between perceived and actual levels of salt intake, we used two regressions with actual and perceived salt intake as dependent variables and three types of factors as independent variables: socio-demographic (age, gender, region, type of locality, education), lifestyle (fat diet, alcohol consumption, active lifestyle, and smoking) and related diseases (obesity and diabetes). Results show Romanians have similar levels of salt intake perceptions independently of the characteristics considered, except fat diet and diabetes, and similar levels of actual salt intake except age and gender, even though previous research shows that there are differences between individuals across these characteristics when it comes to considering hypertension as a dependent variable. We conclude by noting policy interventions regarding salt intake based on the results of this research, especially the need to update the current Romanian TV campaign to reduce salt intake or similar campaigns from other countries. Keywords: Salt intake perceptions, actual salt intake, public policy, SEPHAR, regression

scholarly journals Autistic traits and gender modulate emotion changes before and during the COVID-19 outbreak: a preliminary evidence based on quasi-experimental design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xudong Zhao ◽  
Binglei Zhao ◽  
Wenrui Li ◽  
Yang Cai ◽  
Wendian Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show an enhanced response to stressors, and gender plays an important role in stress response. Thus, autistic traits (ATs) in the general population and gender may regulate the emotion changes before and during the outbreak of COVID-19. The present study addressed this issue through a participants between quasi-experimental design, in which the epidemic status (before, during), gender (male, female), and AT groups (high ATs, low ATs) were independent variables, and positive and negative emotions were dependent variables. We used generalized linear models to estimate the effects of the independent variables and their interactions on emotions. The results showed that the COVID-19 outbreak reduced positive emotions and increased fear and anger. Furthermore, compared with before the COVID-19 outbreak, individuals with high ATs and females experienced stronger anger and fear than individuals with low ATs and males during the epidemic. The present study revealed the emotional impacts of COVID-19 and greater emotional susceptibility to COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with high ATs and females. Our findings provide prospective evidence for understanding the ASD/ATs-related enhanced response to pathogen threat-related stressors and have implications for COVID-19 crisis interventions.

Analysis of Course Type, Gender, and Personal Incentives to Exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel E. Finkenberg ◽  
James M. Dinucci ◽  
Sandra L. McCune ◽  
E. Donice McCune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Canonical Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Effects

206 women and 88 men enrolled in classes requiring different amounts of physical activity were administered the Personal Incentives for Exercise Questionnaire A two-way multivariate analysis of variance, with course type and gender as the categorical independent variables and 10 subscale scores representing incentives to exercise as the multivariate dependent variables, was completed. Canonical discriminant analysis was used to identify which of the incentives is most useful in discriminating among participants in active and less active classes or between men and women. For main effects, analysis indicated an over-all significant difference for both course type and gender. Men scored higher than women on activity and on competition, for example, while women scored higher on appearance and weight management.

The Effects of Glove Frictional Characteristics and Load on Grasp Force and Grasp Control

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (13) ◽  
pp. 702-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bronkema-Orr ◽  
Ram R. Bishu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Friction ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Hand Dynamometer ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Grasp Force ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Effects

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of varying levels of glove surface friction, glove type, and various loads lifted on submaximal holding performance. The independent variables were glove type, friction level, load lifted, trial, and gender. Ten males and ten females performed two trials of lifting a device similar to a standard hand dynamometer under each of these conditions. All the main effects were significant at the 0.0001 level for the dependent variables of stable force and peak force. The results indicate that the surface friction of a glove affects the amount of force with which the subject feels he needs to grasp an object. In addition, the amount of force exerted per pound lifted decreased with increasing weights, perhaps indicating over exertion at the lighter levels of the weight lifted, or under exertion at the higher levels of load.

scholarly journals Public Opinion on Involvement of Youngsters in Drug Abuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3359-3361
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Public ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

This study uses a functional overview to examine the reasons why young people consume drugs. Drug conception were found to differ by age and gender. Targeting substances that are concluded to fulfil similar problems and addressing issues treating the substitution of one substance for another may also strengthen education and prevention efforts. Drug abuse has been a topic of interest to many professionals in the area of physical health and mental health. This research paper is to analyse the difference between the helpline for drug abuser’s and gender and to find the association between major reason for drug abuse and age of the respondents. It examines research in India regarding drug abuse among youngsters and related disorders. The objective of the study is to understand the involvement of youngsters in drug abuse and to analyse the difference between the helpline for drug abuser’s and the gender. For the purpose of this study is descriptive research is used to portray accurately the public opinion on involvement of youngsters in drug abuse. Convenient sampling method is used to collect the samples. 1640 samples-sample size. Independent variables are gender, age, marital status, Educational qualification, occupation, and monthly income. The dependent variables are helpline for drug abuser, reason for drug abuse, emotional problems, accidents, brain damage, risky sex, and diseases. Independent sample t test, chi square, and ANOVA are the research tools used in this research. It was found that drug abuse is increasing in todays scenario. It is better to create awareness and helplines regarding drug abuse and its recovery.This study uses a functional overview to examine the reasons why young people consume drugs. Drug conception were found to differ by age and gender. Targeting substances that are concluded to fulfil similar problems and addressing issues treating the substitution of one substance for another may also strengthen education and prevention efforts. Drug abuse has been a topic of interest to many professionals in the area of physical health and mental health. This research paper is to analyse the difference between the helpline for drug abuser’s and gender and to find the association between major reason for drug abuse and age of the respondents. It examines research in India regarding drug abuse among youngsters and related disorders. The objective of the study is to understand the involvement of youngsters in drug abuse and to analyse the difference between the helpline for drug abuser’s and the gender. For the purpose of this study is descriptive research is used to portray accurately the public opinion on involvement of youngsters in drug abuse. Convenient sampling method is used to collect the samples. 1640 samples-sample size. Independent variables are gender, age, marital status, Educational qualification, occupation, and monthly income. The dependent variables are helpline for drug abuser, reason for drug abuse, emotional problems, accidents, brain damage, risky sex, and diseases. Independent sample t test, chi square, and ANOVA are the research tools used in this research. It was found that drug abuse is increasing in todays scenario. It is better to create awareness and helplines regarding drug abuse and its recovery.

scholarly journals Public Perception on Group Behaviour in an Organisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7804-7806
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Task Management ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Group Behaviour ◽  
Communication Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Group is an arrangement of individuals who have similar interests or aims , who organise themselves to work or act together .Behaviour is the manner in which an animal or an individual behaves in response to a particular circumstances or stimulus. . Group behaviour tends to follow the norms of the organisations and rules which are that the employees are expected to be disciplined, follow the orders and work towards the requirements and necessities of the organisation rather than their own whims and fancies. Group behaviour is emanated by the cause that is contributed by group effectiveness. Many researches were conducted and it is held that people moving in groups are more effective and learn more than in individual. For this research, an empirical study was carried out. The data was collected from 1850 respondents. Several statistical tools were used for the research such as chi-square, independent sample t test and ANOVA. The dependent variables are Comfortableness to work, Helping the teammates and aspects of group behaviour. The independent variables are age, gender and educational qualifications. The result of the study were that there is significant difference between Comfortableness to work and gender , there is significant association between Helping the teammates and age and there is significant difference in the mean scores level of agreeability towards the aspect of group behaviour such as communication , task management ,tolerance, work allotment and involvement among the educational Qualification groups.

ANALISA PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN KOMPETENSI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PT HUTAMA KARYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Wardhana, MM.
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Correlational Approach ◽  
Survey Research Methods ◽  
The Relationship

This study entitled "Analysis of Effect of Climate Organization and Competence Againt Employee PT. Hutama Karya ". The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the relationship between the free variable that organizational climate (X1) and competence (X2) with the dependent variable is employee performance (Y), either partially or simultaneously, This study used survey research methods with the correlational approach and predictive, which aims for the relationship and influence between independent and dependent variables. The sampling technique can be done randomly (simple random sampling) of 852 employees, which is considered to resprentatif is 89 people. And to solve problems, to analyze and examine the relationship and influence between the independent variables on the dependent variable used models kausalistik through regression analysis with SPSS 14.0

PENGARUH PERSONAL BACKGROUND, POLITICAL BACKGROUND DAN PENGEATAHUAN DEWAN TENTANG ANGGARAN TERHADAP PERAN DPRD DALAM PENGAWASAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesi Mutia Basri ◽  
Rosliana Rosliana
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Activity Dependent

This research aim to examine the influence of personal background, political background, and council budget knowledge towards the role of DPRD on region financial control. This research is motivated by the fact that individual background will effect to individual behavior on political activity. Dependent variables in this research are personal background, political background, and council budges knowledge towards the role of DPRD on region financial control Independent variables are the role of DPRD on region financial control in planning, implementing, and responsibility steps. The data in this research consist of primary data that taken from questionnaires distributed directly to respondents. The collected are from 34 Respondents that members of DPRD at Pekanbaru. Hypothesis of this research are examine by using Multivariate Analysis of Variances (MANOVA). The result of this research HI personal background political background and budget knowledge have significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in planning steps.H2 personal background, politico I background and budget knowledge have no significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in Implementing steps. H3 personal background political background and budget knowledge have no significant influence toward the role of DPRD on region financial control in Controlling steps.

scholarly journals Weight Feedback-Based Harmonic MDG-Ensemble Model for Prediction of Traffic Accident Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5072
Author(s):  
Byung-Kook Koo ◽  
Ji-Won Baek ◽  
Kyung-Yong Chung
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Weighted Voting ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Accident Severity ◽  
Harmonic Average ◽  
Bagging Method

Traffic accidents are emerging as a serious social problem in modern society but if the severity of an accident is quickly grasped, countermeasures can be organized efficiently. To solve this problem, the method proposed in this paper derives the MDG (Mean Decrease Gini) coefficient between variables to assess the severity of traffic accidents. Single models are designed to use coefficient, independent variables to determine and predict accident severity. The generated single models are fused using a weighted-voting-based bagging method ensemble to consider various characteristics and avoid overfitting. The variables used for predicting accidents are classified as dependent or independent and the variables that affect the severity of traffic accidents are predicted using the characteristics of causal relationships. Independent variables are classified as categorical and numerical variables. For this reason, a problem arises when the variation among dependent variables is imbalanced. Therefore, a harmonic average is applied to the weights to maintain the variables’ balance and determine the average rate of change. Through this, it is possible to establish objective criteria for determining the severity of traffic accidents, thereby improving reliability.

Corruption, Opportunity Networks, and Gender

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Wiesehomeier ◽  
Tània Verge
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Given the gender stereotype that women are more ethical than men, people should assess female politicians as being less corruptible. Yet information about access to networks suggests that opportunities to engage in unethical behavior may counter this perception. Using a conjoint analysis in a nationally representative survey in Spain, a country shaken by corruption scandals, we asked respondents to identify the more corruptible politician between two hypothetical local councilors by imagining an investor willing to offer a bribe to advance business interests. Results indicate that female politicians do symbolically stand for honesty. However, this assessment is offset by embeddedness cues signaling a woman politician’s access to opportunity networks. We discuss our findings in light of instrumentalist arguments for an increase of women in politics as a means to combat corruption.

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