scholarly journals Olonets Metal Works as a Centre of Military Production in Russian Historiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Timofey V. Alekseev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Industry ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Organizational Experience ◽  
Production Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Production

The paper deals with the history of the Olonets metal works – one of the centres of military industry in pre-revolutionary Russia. It aimed to analyse the views of Russian researchers on the problems of military production at these plants and their role in providing the army and navy with weapons in the 18th – еarly 20th centuries. The works of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and post-Soviet periods were studied. The relevance of this research is substantiated by the need for an in-depth examination of such a phenomenon in Russian history as the military-industrial complex and its prototype represented by the military industry of pre-revolutionary Russia. The article is focused on the way Russian historiography presents the organization of military production at the Olonets metal works, their technical reconstruction in order to master the production of brand new types of weapons, as well as the role of foreign specialists and foreign technical, technological and organizational experience in this process. The study revealed some important features of the Olonets metal works operation: the use of the economy’s mobilization mechanisms for their creation, their role as a transmitter of military production experience to other Russian regions, the influence of non-economic factors on the existence of military industry enterprises, as well as the effect and significance of diffusion of innovations in military industry. It is concluded that the final period in the history of the Olonets metal works (late 19th – early 20th centuries) is poorly reflected in Russian historiography. In addition, the research points out the need for a comprehensive work on the history of military production at the Olonets metal works in general.

Military-Industrial Complex of Israel: Role of Arms Exports

2010 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
S. Belousov
Keyword(s):  
High Technology ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Arms Exports ◽  
The Military

The article covers different aspects of the Israeli military-industrial complex and military-technical cooperation with foreign countries. At the present stage, the development of Israeli military-industrial complex depends significantly on its export operations. The innovative high-technology production focus, diversification of consumers, active positions uptake abroad allows Israel to achieve a great success in the military-technical sphere and join in the top five leading world actors at the international world arms market.

The Information-Industrial Complex

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn M. Powers ◽  
Michael Jablonski
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Information ◽  
The Military

This chapter examines the emergence of an Information-Industrial Complex in the United States, tracking the rise of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the modern knowledge economy. It first outlines the origins and history of Information-Industrial Complex's antecedent, the Military-Industrial Complex, before turning to the beginnings of the Information-Industrial Complex itself. It then considers how the U.S. government has cultivated a close and codependent relationship with companies involved in information production, storage, processing, and distribution, referred to as the “information industries.” It also looks at In-Q-Tel, a corporation that would “ensure that the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) remains at the cutting edge of information technology advances and capabilities,” along with the rise of information assurance after 9/11. The chapter concludes by highlighting the commodification of digital information in the post-9/11 environment through its securitization.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas I. Faith
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Institutional History ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

This book documents the institutional history of the Chemical Warfare Service (CWS), the U.S. Army organization responsible for chemical warfare, from its origins in 1917 through Amos A. Fries's departure as CWS chief in 1929. It examines the U.S. chemical warfare program as it developed before the nation began sending soldiers to fight in France during World War I; the American Expeditionary Force's experiences with poison gas on the Western Front; the CWS's struggle to continue its chemical weapons program in a hostile political environment after the war; and CWS efforts to improve its public image as well as its reputation in the military in the first half of the 1920s. The book concludes with an assessment of the CWS's successes and failures in the second half of the 1920s. Through the story of the CWS, the book shows how the autonomy of the military-industrial complex can be limited when policymakers are confronted with pervasive, hostile public opinion.

scholarly journals The Role of a Region in the Implementation of Innovative Projects for Non-Defence High-Technology Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 477-486
Author(s):  
Iurii V. Erygin ◽  
Elena V. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
High Technology ◽  
International Markets ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The Military

The article discusses the problems of involving the innovative potential of enterprises of the military-industrial complex in the implementation of innovative projects for the non-defence high-technology production, as well as determining the role and place of the regional innovation infrastructure in their implementation. The aim of the study is to justify the role of a region in the implementation of innovative projects for the non-defence high-technology production, to determine features and formulate requirements for the development of the regional innovation infrastructure that provides support for these innovative projects based on the interaction of the regional innovation system enterprises with the military-industrial complex and infrastructure facilities at the national and international levels. As a result of the study, the authors highlighted the most important areas of interaction between the enterprises of the military-industrial complex and the region’s innovative infrastructure facilities (raising funds, promoting high-tech civilian products to national and international markets, etc.) and formulated the requirements for its formation. The results of the study can be used in managing the innovative development of the regions where high-tech enterprises of the militaryindustrial complex are located

scholarly journals Sustainable development of the Russian industrial complex in modern conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241
Author(s):  
V. F. Mihin ◽  
S. S. Chevgun
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The Military

The article considers the evolution of the term «sustainable development» in the context of the United Nations (UN), identifies inaccuracies and contradictions. The paper investigates the reflection of the UN concept of sustainable development in the national legislation of Russia, reveals the high variability of the used combinations of the terms «sustainability», «development», and the lack of definitions, limiting the understanding and the possibility of application of the considered norms. It is proposed to consider people as an economic category separately from the factors of production, since such categories as labor; management, scientific, entrepreneurial, intuitive and creative abilities; goodwill – are unique characteristics of the person, due to socio-cultural, medical, biological and environmental factors. On the basis of consideration of interrelations in the system «biosphere-society-stateeconomy-industrial complex «the author's definitions of the terms» sustainable development of the militaryindustrial complex (MIC) «in the broad and narrow sense,»the mechanism of sustainable development of the MIC» are proposed. The term «sustainable development» in relation to the functioning of the military-industrial complex (MIC) is understood by us as the ability of the defense industry system to achieve its goals indefinitely, to develop integrity and improve, while having the ability to resist the external influence that prevents it. The mechanism of sustainable development of the military-industrial complex, including the algorithm of sustainable development and levels of sustainability. The absence of applicable to the military-industrial complex techniques, methods, criteria, measures and standards of sustainability of development is revealed, the system of characteristics is proposed. It is proposed to use predictive-corrective management method for sustainable development of the defense industry, as providing the highest quality. The necessity of transition to a new social paradigm of understanding the role of the economy in the considered system of interrelations.

scholarly journals Stick to the plan? Culture, interests, multidimensional threats, and Italian defence policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Ceccorulli ◽  
Fabrizio Coticchia
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
International Context ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
National Debate ◽  
The Military

The international context seems to be increasingly exposed to multidimensional and transnational challenges, ranging from irregular migration and piracy to the violation of basic human rights. Rather than excluding a potential role for the military, many European states rely on it to face a complex security scenario. What are the reasons behind this activism? Taking Italy as a case study, this article works out two main arguments (ideational factors and interests relating to the so-called military–industrial complex) and tries to intercept their weight in the national debate leading to the decision to intervene militarily (or not) in Sri Lanka (2004–05), Haiti (2010), and in the Central Mediterranean (2015–). Ultimately, this effort contributes to understanding the role of the military instrument in Italy, a state particularly exposed to the new challenges ahead, and offers tools for research to be potentially applied in other countries that make similar use of armed forces to deal with non-conventional security threats.

scholarly journals TOOL FOR FORECASTING AND OPTIMIZATION OF R&D EXPENDITURE DURING REALIZATION OF CONVERSION PROJECTS BY ENTERPRISES OF THE DEFENSE-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
S.N. Larin ◽  
N.A. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
World Community ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Military ◽  
Technical Products ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

At the present stage of socio-economic development of the world community, the dominant paradigm has been the use of high technologies, new scientific knowledge, the introduction of innovations as the leading factors in ensuring effective economic growth and national competitiveness. The article shows the growing role of enterprises of the Russian military-industrial complex in modernizing the domestic economy and implementing its transition to innovative development through the implementation of conversion projects. The necessity of developing new and effective organizational and economic mechanisms and tools for converting R&D results that are adequate to modern conditions for their practical use by enterprises producing civilian products is substantiated. A solution to the problem of optimizing R&D expenses for the enterprises of the military-industrial complex is proposed by determining the price of scientific and technical products at the stage of their development, taking into account the possibility of their use in the implementation of conversion projects

A Warning Renewed

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Paul C. Light
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Federal Spending ◽  
Full Time Equivalent ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Federal Workforce ◽  
The Military

Chapter 1 provides a broad history of Dwight D. Eisenhower’s 1961 farewell address and the author’s methodology for estimating the true size of the government-industrial complex workforce. The chapter begins with Eisenhower’s decision to deliver a nationally televised speech warning the nation of the grave threats created by the conjunction of an imperative, but immense military and armaments industry. The chapter explores the history of the speech and the president’s chosen words for characterizing the military-industrial complex. The chapter continues with a discussion of the method used for estimating the true size of the federal, contract, and grant workforces. The method converts federal spending into estimates of the full-time-equivalent contract and grant employment for use in side-by-side comparisons to the federal workforce. The chapter ends with a discussion of the data deficit surrounding the government-industrial complex and warns readers that all data have expiration dates, including the data used in the book.

The Political Culture of the Metropolitan-Military Complex

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-299
Author(s):  
Roger W. Lotchin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Military

Like many modern historians’ concepts, the notion of political culture comes to us from the social sciences, especially anthropology and political science. One assumes that political culture is a term familiar to most readers. The term metropolitan-military complex may require some explanation. I coined the phrase some years ago when undertaking a study of San Francisco politics. At the time, the inquiry was fairly conventional. Yet as I worked through the struggles over municipal services, labor and management problems, political structure, mass transit, minorities, parties, reformers, bosses, and so forth, the role of the military loomed ever larger. The longer the military was investigated, the more important that role appeared to be. Eventually, I changed the focus of my study from politics, conventionally defined, to the relationship between cities and the military. President Dwight D. Eisenhower used the term military-industrial complex in his 1961 farewell address to describe an alliance among technicians, congressmen, bureaucrats, military men, and businessmen. He did not define his words rigorously, but he left the definite impression that the military-industrial complex (MIC) was national in scope and something close to a conspiracy on behalf of greater defense spending. The president also implied that the MIC had only recently appeared. Subsequent commentators on the subject have largely followed this approach, stressing the importance of conspiracy, militarism, Washington bureaucrats, big business, and big congressmen. They have also accepted the World War II or cold war origins of the alliance as well as its national scope.

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