Studies on Bacillus SVTH6 Isolated from Leachate of Banaskantha District in Gujarat, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Sunita J. Varjani
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Sugar Utilization ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Growth Optimization ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Industrial development in context with metal mining industries has received increasing importance now-a-days due to increased metal demand. With the concern of environment mining activities should be ecofriendly and economical. Bioleaching a biohydrometallurgical dissolution process, in which bacteria are used to leach out metals from ore. In bioleaching indigenous microbes either acidophilic, autotrophic, heterotrophic, or mixotrophic play important role. Bacteria of genera Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum, Sulfolobus, Sulfobacillus, Delftia sp., Oxalobacter sp., Bacillus sp. and Ferribacter sp. have been isolated from mining environment. In the study presented here thiosulphate utilizing Bacillus SVTH6 is used which was isolated from leachate sample of mining site. The organism was studied for thiosulphate utilization; cultural, morphological, cellular and biochemical characteristics; sugar utilization profile as well as antibiotic susceptibility. Growth optimization study of Bacillus SVTH6 at static and shaking condition as well as different pH and NaCl concentration(s) will be disussed in detail.

Surface Water Quality Assessment from a Mining Area. Case study, Groapa Burlacu lake, Targu Ocna, Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3678-3680
Author(s):  
Alina Cochiorca ◽  
Narcis Barsan ◽  
Florin Marian Nedeff ◽  
Ion Sandu ◽  
Emilian Florin Mosnegutu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Water Ph

This paper presents a study on assessment of water quality. According to a study, mining activities have a significant impact on water quality (lakes, surface water and groundwater), which has become a major problem globally. Due to mining and exploitation processes, lakes can be formed around these mines. Also, these lakes have been formed around the world and are steadily increasing. The purpose of this study is to watch the quality of water from the area around mining activities. This study refers to the, Groapa Burlacu lake around the mining exploitation Targu Ocna, Romania. This lake was formed on the northern bottle of the massive salt, strongly affected by the underground activities. Sampling for the determination the concentrations of Cl- and NaCl from the studied area was made at different depths (0 m, -5 m, -10 m, -15 m, -20 m, -25 m, -30 m, -35 m -40 m). Besides these concentrations, physical parameters of the water (pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen and temperature) were also measured. To determine the physical parameters in the monitored area, sampling was done from four different points of the area and then put together for analysis. These parameters were measured on site using portable equipment. The data on the analyzed concentrations indicate that at depths of less than 5.0 m, the NaCl concentration values are more than 250 g/L.

scholarly journals Use of Spilopelia senegalensis as a Biomonitor of Heavy Metal Contamination from Mining Activities in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia)

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Almalki ◽  
Jamaan Ajarem ◽  
Ahmed A. Allam ◽  
Hamed A. El-Serehy ◽  
Saleh N. Maodaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Arsenic Copper

Environmental pollution with heavy metals (HMs) is of serious ecological and public health concern worldwide. Mining is one of the main sources of HMs and can impact the environment, species diversity, and human health. This study assessed the value of Spilopelia senegalensis as a biomonitor of environmental contamination with metal(loid)s caused by mining activities. S. senegalensis was collected from a gold mining site and a reference site, and metal(loid)s and biochemical parameters were determined. Lead, cadmium, mercury, vanadium, arsenic, copper, zinc, and iron were significantly increased in the liver, kidney, and lung of S. senegalensis from the mining site. Serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and urea were significantly elevated in S. senegalensis from the mining site. Lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide were increased, whereas glutathione and antioxidant enzymes were diminished in the liver and kidney of S. senegalensis from the mining site. In addition, multiple histological alterations were observed in the liver, kidney, and lung of S. senegalensis. In conclusion, mining activities provoke the accumulation of metal(loid)s, oxidative stress, and tissue injury in S. senegalensis. Therefore, S. senegalensis is a valuable biomonitor of environmental pollution caused by mining activities and could be utilized in epidemiological avian studies of human health.

Activities of Musan Mine observed by Sentinel-1 Coherence Imagery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihyun Moon ◽  
Heejeong Seo ◽  
Hoonyol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Site

<p>Musan mine in North Korea is the largest open-pit iron mine in Asia with the proved reserves of about 2.06 billion tons and more than 9 square kilometers. Open-pit mining is one of the surface mining technique extracting minerals from the surface. Vegetation is rarely distributed at the mining site because the topsoil is removed and the ore is mined directly from the surface. Therefore, it is effective to observe surface displacement at the mining site using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology. InSAR coherence detects random surface change that measures the activity or stability of the interferometric phase of InSAR data. High coherence will be maintained on the surface where there is no movement and only surface scattering. On the other hand, the surface where there is a lot of movement and volumetric scattering has low coherence value. Therefore, using 12-days InSAR coherence images from Sentinel-1 satellites, for example, it is possible to analyze how active the open-pit mine is during the 12 days. Sentinel-1A satellite images were acquired from June 11, 2015 to May 24, 2016, followed by Sentine-1B satellite images from September 27, 2016 to April 21, 2019. A total of 102 SAR images were downloaded from European Space Agency (ESA) portal. There is a gap between May 24 and September 27, 2016 due to the transition of the data acquisition plan. Over 100 12-days coherence data were obtained by applying InSAR. Stable spots and target spots were selected through average and standard deviation of the entire coherence time series data. Coherence values include not only the mining activity but also the effects of perpendicular baseline, temporal baseline, and weather. Therefore, NDAI (Normalized Difference Activity Index) was newly defined to remove the noise and only the coherence value due to the influence of the mining activity was extracted. The degree of activities can be observed by the time series coherence and NDAI images. This study needs other references related to mining activities in order to analyze the mining activities in more detail. This method can be applied to other open-pit mine.</p>

scholarly journals Deformation Monitoring in an Alpine Mining Area in the Tianshan Mountains Based on SBAS-InSAR Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Qingsong Du ◽  
Guoyu Li ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Mingtang Chai ◽  
Dun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mining Area ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Tianshan Mountains ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Maximum Settlement ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Sbas Insar

The fragile habitat of alpine mining areas can be greatly affected by surface disturbances caused by mining activities, particularly open-pit mining activities, which greatly affect the periglacial environment. SBAS-InSAR technology enables the processing of SAR images to obtain highly accurate surface deformation information. This paper applied SBAS-InSAR technology to obtain three years of surface subsidence information based on the 89-scene Sentinel-1A SLC products, covering a mining area (tailings and active areas) in the Tianshan Mountains and its surroundings from 25th December 2017 to 2nd January 2021. The data were adopted to analyze the characteristics of deformation in the study region and the mining areas, and the subsidence accumulation was compared with field GNSS observation results to verify its accuracy. The results showed that the study area settled significantly, with a maximum settlement rate of −44.80 mm/a and a maximum uplift rate of 28.04 mm/a. The maximum settlement and accumulation of the whole study area over the three-year period were −129.39 mm and 60.49 mm, respectively. The mining area had a settlement value of over 80 mm over the three years. Significantly, the settlement rates of the tailings and active areas were −35 mm/a and −40 mm/a, respectively. Debris accumulation in the eastern portion of the tailings and active areas near the mountain was serious, with accumulation rates of 25 mm/a and 20 mm/a, respectively, and both had accumulation amounts of around 70 mm. For mine tailing pile areas with river flows, the pile locations and environmental restoration should be appropriately adjusted at a later stage. For gravel pile areas, regular cleaning should be carried out, especially around the mining site and at the tunnel entrances and exits, and long-term deformation monitoring of these areas should be carried out to ensure safe operation of the mining site. The SBAS-InSAR measurements were able to yield deformations with high accuracies over a wide area and cost less human and financial resources than the GNSS measurement method. Furthermore, the measurement results were more macroscopic, with great application value for surface subsidence monitoring in alpine areas.

RADIATION SITUATION IN THE TERRITORIES AFFECTED BY MINING ACTIVITIES IN STEPNOGORSK AREAS, REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danara Ibrayeva ◽  
Meirat Bakhtin ◽  
Yerlan Kashkinbayev ◽  
Polat Kazymbet ◽  
Kassym Zhumadilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

Abstract The Republic of Kazakhstan has a long history of mining activities, viz., gold and uranium. Mining activities represent sources of potential naturally occurring radionuclides contamination of the environment and human health of population. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation situation of industrially modified environment in Stepnogorsk areas of Kazakhstan to understand the sources of contamination. Quite high values of ambient equivalent dose rates in air ~2.87 μSv h−1 were found in the Aqsu gold-mining site. The radon equivalent equilibrium volume activity (indoor) were in the range of 313–858 Bq m−3 in the study area buildings. The high values of activity concentration of natural radionuclides found in Aqsu soil samples were 226Ra-4060, 232Th-1170 and 40K-4080 Bq kg−1, respectively. However, our comprehensive surveys implied that the increased natural radiation background caused by the radionuclide transport from the tailing area did not have an impact, while evaluation of its potential radiation risks and remediation of the territories of the former gold mining should be needed.

scholarly journals Potentially Toxic Element Contaminations and Lead Isotopic Fingerprinting in Soils and Sediments from a Historical Gold Mining Site

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10925
Author(s):  
Lei Tang ◽  
Yiyue Zhang ◽  
Shuai Ma ◽  
Changchun Yan ◽  
Huanhuan Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Pb Isotopes ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Pb Contamination ◽  
Potentially Toxic Element ◽  
Soil Sediment ◽  
Isotopic Fingerprinting

Lead (Pb) isotopes have been widely used to identify and quantify Pb contamination in the environment. Here, the Pb isotopes, as well as the current contamination levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg, were investigated in soil and sediment from the historical gold mining area upstream of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China. The sediment had higher 206Pb/207Pb ratios (1.137 ± 0.0111) than unpolluted soil did (1.167 ± 0.0029), while the soil samples inside the mining area were much more variable (1.121 ± 0.0175). The mean concentrations (soil/sediment in mg·kg−1) of Pb (2470/42.5), Zn (181/113), Cu (199/36.7), Cr (117/68.8), Ni (40.4/28.9), Cd (0.791/0.336), As (8.52/5.10), and Hg (0.168/0.000343) characterized the soil/sediment of the studied area with mean Igeo values of the potentially toxic element (PTE) ranging from −4.71 to 9.59 for soil and from −3.39 to 2.43 for sediment. Meanwhile, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) coupled with Pearson’s correlation coefficient among PTEs indicated that the major source of the Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd contamination was likely the mining activities. Evidence from Pb isotopic fingerprinting and a binary mixing model further confirmed that Pb contamination in soil and sediment came from mixed sources that are dominated by mining activity. These results highlight the persistence of PTE contamination in the historical mining site and the usefulness of Pb isotopes combined with multivariate statistical analysis to quantify contamination from mining activities.

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