scholarly journals Strandings of cetaceans on the Espírito Santo coast, southeast Brazil, 1975–2015

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 129-152
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe S. P. Mayorga ◽  
Ralph E. T. Vanstreels ◽  
Renata C. C. Bhering ◽  
Natália Mamede ◽  
Luiz M. B. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Sperm Whale ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Physeter Macrocephalus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Coastal Habitat ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Doce River

Espírito Santo state is located on the eastern margin of Brazil, in a transitional tropical-subtropical area (18°S–21°S) dominated by oligotrophic waters. With the exception of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), the cetacean community of Espírito Santo has been understudied. In addition to the chronic impacts from fisheries, marine pollution, urban development, and coastal habitat degradation, in November 2015 the cetacean communities of Espírito Santo were challenged by the greatest environmental disaster in Brazil’s history. The Mariana dam disaster caused 60 million cubic meters of mining waste to be washed into the Doce River, which ultimately flowed to the coastal waters of Espírito Santo, with a high concentration of heavy metals. This study reviews and updates information on cetacean strandings in the state of Espírito Santo (excluding humpback whales) prior to this disaster. From 1975 to September 2015, there were 461 recorded cetacean strandings, representing 20 species. An average 1.18 strandings per 100 km per month were recorded since a state-wide daily beach survey program was implemented in October 2010, contrasting with the 0.14 strandings per 100 km per month in previous years. Six species comprised the majority (94.7%) of stranding events: Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis), Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), and melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra). Oceanic cetaceans stranded most frequently on the southern portion of Espírito Santo, where the continental platform is narrower, whereas the strandings of coastal cetaceans such as Guiana dolphins and Franciscanas were concentrated near estuaries, especially the Doce River. This is particularly concerning in face of the Mariana dam disaster, which drastically altered the estuarine and coastal environment associated with the Doce River.

Landscape evolution during the late Quaternary at the Doce River mouth, Espírito Santo State, Southeastern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Cancela Lisboa Cohen ◽  
Marlon Carlos França ◽  
Dilce de Fátima Rossetti ◽  
Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda ◽  
Paulo César Fonseca Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Doce River

scholarly journals A new species of Leiostracus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Orthalicoidea) from Espírito Santo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo B. Salvador ◽  
Daniel C. Cavallari
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Frankfurt Am Main ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
River Region ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Doce River ◽  
A New Species

A remarkable new species of pulmonate land snail was found in the collection of the Senckenberg Forschungninstitut und Naturmuseum Frankfurt (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and is described here as Leiostracus faerie sp. nov. It can be easily identified by its small and translucent shell with fine axial light brown bands and its protoconch sculpture. It was collected in the Rio Doce ("Doce River") region in Espírito Santo, Brazil, an area known for a high diversity and endemicity of land snails. This discovery shows how little this fauna is known and reinforces the importance of museum collections in the study of biodiversity and conservation.

scholarly journals Opportunistic Development and Environmental Disaster Threat Franciscana Dolphins in the Southeast of Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 194008291984788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Carnelli Frizzera Pinheiro ◽  
Hudson Tercio Pinheiro ◽  
João Batista Teixeira ◽  
Agnaldo Silva Martins ◽  
Marta Jussara Cremer
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Coastal Habitat ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessments ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Franciscana Dolphin

The Franciscana dolphin ( Pontoporia blainvillei), a small cetacean endemic to southwestern Atlantic coastal waters, is the most endangered marine mammal species in the south Atlantic. In the Espírito Santo State, in southeastern Brazil, the Franciscana dolphin distribution overlaps regions suppressed and threatened by an intensive industrial and port development in the coastal zone. Moreover, most of Franciscana’s home range was recently impacted by the collapse of a dam that released millions of iron mining waste into the Atlantic Ocean. Considering the restricted coastal habitat of the species, these impacts can be considered an immediate threat, increasing the probability of local extinction of the species. This research calls attention to the necessity for improvement in the regional Environmental Impact Assessments, Conservation Action Plans, and to the development of an effective zoning for ports and conservation areas in the region. These actions could increase conservation efforts and mitigate the current and expected impacts on the Franciscana population in the Espírito Santo State.

scholarly journals AQUATIC MACROPHYTES DIVERSITY IN THE LOWER DOCE RIVER BASIN, ESPÍRITO SANTO, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Álvaro Nepomuceno ◽  
◽  
Renara Nichio-Amaral ◽  
Victor Santos Miranda ◽  
Brenno Gardiman Sossai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Lotic Environments ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Nmds Analysis ◽  
Doce River ◽  
New Occurrences

Macrophytes are plant organisms that live partially or totally submerged in water, being fixed and free. The Doce River is one of the main rivers in southeastern Brazil and, in 2015, it was hit by ore tailings from the Fundão dam burst in Mariana, Minas Gerais. This work aims to provide a floristic survey of macrophytes in the lower Doce River basin and to compare the species composition between lentic and lotic environments. Expeditions were carried out monthly from October 2018 to September 2019, in five stations in lotic and six in lentic environments. A total of 105 species belonging to 33 families of vascular plants were recorded, among them 14 are new occurrences for Espírito Santo state. Richest families were Poaceae (23 spp.) and Cyperaceae (22 spp.). Amphibious/emerging plants were the most representative (46 spp.). NMDS analysis revealed that the composition of the lotic and lentic environments are different.

Periphytic algal flora of the lower Doce river basin after ore tailings flow, Espírito Santo State, Brazil: Sampling design and methods

Hoehnea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéfano Zorzal-Almeida ◽  
Karoline Barros de Souza ◽  
Lucineide Maria Santana ◽  
Bianka Gerhardt Endlich ◽  
Bruna Fadul-Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Sampling Design ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Aquatic Biodiversity ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Lotic Environments ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Doce River

ABSTRACT The present work aims to describe the sampling design and the methods used in the series “Periphytic algal flora of the Lower Doce River basin (Espírito Santo State, Brazil) after ore tailings flow”. This series will present the biodiversity of periphytic algae registered during the Aquatic Biodiversity Monitoring Program, Environmental Area I, carried out in the Lower Doce River basin three years after the passage of the ore tailings from Fundão dam (Mariana, Minas Gerais). Samples from the periphytic community were collected monthly, between October/2018 and February/2020, at five sampling stations in lotic environments and seven in lentic environments of the basin. These samples were fixed and the taxa will be identified and described, following specific methods. These taxa will be presented in sequential fascicles, split according to their taxonomic and morphological classification. More than 900 taxa have been recorded in this survey. This is the first taxonomic study about inland algae carried out in the Lower Doce River basin.

scholarly journals Artisanal and Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Eastern Caribbean): History, Catch Characteristics, and Needs for Research and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Fielding ◽  
Jeremy J. Kiszka
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Sperm Whale ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Physeter Macrocephalus ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
Caribbean History ◽  
Abundance Estimates ◽  
Formal Policy ◽  
Eastern Caribbean ◽  
Pilot Whales

Whaling has been a contentious international environmental issue for decades and carries complex ecological and socioeconomic implications. In Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG), a small archipelagic nation located in the Eastern Caribbean, present-day whaling traces its origin to local interaction with American-based whalers during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. When American whaling in the region ceased, local shore-based whaling arose to fill the niche and to exploit the remaining, though diminished, stocks of large whales, as well as stocks of small cetaceans that the American whalers had not targeted as heavily. After a period of expansion throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, which saw shore-whaling operations established on at least 11 islands in the region, Eastern Caribbean whaling experienced a period of attrition, during which most local whaling operations ceased. Two operations, both based in SVG, continue regularly today. This paper reviews the past and present status of whaling activities in SVG from the literature and using recent data collected from 2007 to 2017 through logbook data, interview surveys, and ethnographic observations. Small cetacean captures have been documented since 1949, and at least 15 species of odontocetes have been captured (primarily delphinids). From 1949 to 2017, a total of 13,856 small cetacean captures has been recorded, including 5,896 short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus), 109 killer whales (Orcinus orca), and 7,851 other small cetaceans. Small cetacean catch records are largely incomplete and total catch estimates could not be attempted. Reliable abundance estimates do not exist. Consistent records for the take of large whales are only available for the period 1986–2020, during which 45 humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and 2 Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni) were taken. Additionally, 8 sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) captures were reported from 1967 and 1974. We also review whaling practices, existing national policy on whaling, management techniques outside of formal policy regimes, research needs, and future management perspectives. Future monitoring and management of whaling activities in SVG are strongly needed to assess the sustainability of small cetacean exploitation.

scholarly journals Fragilidade ambiental emergente da bacia hidrográfica do rio Santa Maria do Doce – ES, Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1253
Author(s):  
Rubyana Dos Santos Vieira ◽  
Elvis Pantaleão Ferreira ◽  
Fernando Cartaxo Rolim Neto ◽  
Ednaldo Miranda De Oliveira ◽  
Salatiel Ewen Braga
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Doce River

O estudo da fragilidade ambiental emergente é uma importante ferramenta de diagnóstico, fornecendo informações mais próximos do cenário ambiental da área e, assim, auxiliar na tomada de decisões para a implantação de políticas públicas. Para intervir nas ações antrópicas em favor da sustentabilidade e da responsabilidade ambiental, é fundamental reconhecer potencialidades e fragilidades inerentes aos espaços geográficos. Para tanto, objetivou-se com este trabalho, determinar e avaliar a fragilidade ambiental emergente, na bacia hidrográfica do rio Santa Maria do Doce no estado do Espírito Santo – Brasil, mediante análise integrada dos componentes ambientais relacionada ao relevo, às características do solo e aos diferentes tipos de uso e cobertura da terra que se inter-relacionam e resultam em diferentes níveis de fragilidade ambiental. O modelo metodológico fundamentou-se em ferramentas já consolidadas pela pesquisa acadêmica, incluindo adaptações, conforme as especificidades da área de estudo, mediante a aquisição de planos de informações geográficas disponibilizados por órgãos oficiais. A pesquisa contemplou também visitas de campo, ocasião em foram realizados registros fotográficos da em pontos da área de estudo. Os produtos cartográficos obtidos mostraram-se efetivo para relacionar causas a efeitos homem natureza, perceptíveis na bacia hidrográfica do rio Santa Maria do Doce. Evidenciando aspectos ambientais que devem ser priorizados, quando se trata da preservação do ambiente e da relação harmônica do homem com a natureza. Foi possível identificar que a bacia hidrográfica, tem predomínio da classe de fragilidade ambiental média, que está relacionada em especial ao tipo de solo e uso e cobertura, indicando a existência de locais com perturbações ambientais e suscetíveis aos danos com processos erosivos, que podem promover perda de solo e assoreamento requerendo assim, maior atenção dos gestores municipais na gestão e ordenamento do territórios inseridos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Santa Maria do Doce.   Emerging environmental fragility from the Santa Maria do Doce hydrographic basin - ES, Brazil A B S T R A C TThe study of the emerging environmental fragility is an important diagnostic tool, providing information closer to the environmental scenario of the area, helping in decision-making for the implementation of public policies. In order to intervene in human actions in favor of sustainability and environmental responsibility, it is essential to recognize the potential and weaknesses inherent in geographical spaces. The present work had as objective the determination and evaluation of the emerging environmental fragility in the basin of the Santa Maria do Doce river, in the state of Espírito Santo - Brazil. An integrated analysis of the environmental components was carried out, related to the relief, the characteristics of the soil and the different types of land use and cover that are interrelated and result in different levels of environmental fragility. The methodological model was based on tools already consolidated by academic research, including adaptations, according to the specificities of the study area, through the acquisition of geographic information plans made available by official agencies. The research also included field visits, on which occasion photographic records were taken at points in the study area. The cartographic products obtained proved to be effective in relating causes to man-nature effects, perceptible in the basin of the Santa Maria do Doce River. Environmental aspects were highlighted that should be prioritized when it comes to preserving the environment and the harmonious relationship between man and nature. It was possible to identify that in the basin there is a predominance of the class of medium environmental fragility. This fragility is mainly related to the use, cover and type of soil, indicating the existence of places with environmental disturbances and susceptible to damage caused by erosive processes. Such processes can promote soil loss and siltation of drainage channels, thus requiring greater attention from municipal managers in ordering the land occupation in the basin of the Santa Maria do Doce River.Keywords: Geotechnology, natural resources, territorial ordering.

scholarly journals Bat species composition associated with restinga lagoons from the Paulo César Vinha State Park, Espírito Santo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216132
Author(s):  
Thiago Bernardi Vieira ◽  
Liriann Chrisley Nascimento Da Silva ◽  
Ludmilla Moura de Souza Aguiar ◽  
Monik Oprea ◽  
Poliana Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Biotic Community ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus

Restingas are coastal ecosystems associated with the Atlantic Forest. They are threatened by habitat degradation and forest fragmentation due to intense human occupation. Many restingas have coastal lagoons formed by bay sedimentation of bays, the presence of river estuaries, or emerging groundwater. The distance between lagoons and the ocean influences the biotic community in them. This study aimed to compare the diversity (composition, abundance and richness) of bat communities associated with three lagoons within the Paulo Cesar Vinha State Park, Espírito Santo state. Two lagoons (‘Feia’ and ‘Vermelha’ lagoons) are 2 km away from the ocean, while the third (‘Caraís’ lagoon) is just a few meters distant from the ocean. Species composition did not differ among the lagoons. Abundance of Carollia perspicillata and Glossophaga soricina was higher in the ‘Caraís’ lagoon. Abundance of Artibeus lituratus and Platyrrhinus lineatus was higher in the ‘Vermelha’ lagoon. Species with higher abundance in the ‘Vermelha’ are usually associated with urban and disturbed environments. ‘Vermelha’ lagoon is closer to human settlements and this could be a major driver of bat species abundance associated with this lagoon instead of distance from the ocean. These results may be used to guide conservations efforts in the restingas or habitats associated with restingas.

Estética freiriana no filme “O amigo do rei”, de André D`Elia: notas para se pensar um cinema crítico e libertador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Nogueira Costa ◽  
Robson Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Paulo Freire ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Official History ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Doce River ◽  
Critical Social

This work analyzes the film “The Friend of the King” (2019), by director André D`Elia. It identifies ethical and aesthetic elements for thinking in a critical cinema based on Paulo Freire’s philosophy. In dialogue with his theses, it proposes a hermeneutics that addresses the situation of the effects of the Mariana dam rupture (called “Fundão”, November, 5th, 2015). The film operates between fiction and documentary gender; reveals behind-the-scenes digging of iron ore from asset debris, testimonials from mining officials, academics and others, details of the dam rupture that dumped 40 million cubic meters of tailings from the Doce River at its mouth in Regency, Espírito Santo coast. The “toxic mud” killed human lives, their stories, dreams and drastically reduced an ability to maintain a local biodiversity. The film gives voice to the exploited / excluded of official history and reveals its power when analyzed under a Paulo Freire worldview. That justifies its affiliation with a critical social practice, whose objective is to surpass or reduce the performance by the hegemonic cultural, orchestrated by industry cultural. The film denounces crimes committed, injustices and manifestation for reparation by the victims, many of which have not yet been identified.

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