Consumption Patterns and Cultural Values in Europe

2013 ◽  
pp. 211-257
Author(s):  
Agnes Neulinger ◽  
Tino Bech-Larsen ◽  
Jacob Rosendahl ◽  
Audur Hermannsdóttir ◽  
Regina Karveliene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Main Research

The chapter focuses on cultural differences in consumption across Europe and describes general attitudes towards consumption and brands, the significance of shopping, and how these are linked to the motives of consumption of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. These topics have been analysed using the Hofstede dimensions, and the evaluation also considers regional differences within the European Union. The main objective of this research is to attempt to understand consumption patterns and national cultural dimensions, general consumption values, and what their connections are to alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinking patterns. The main research question is how cultural styles influence consumption styles within Europe. This analysis concluded that some European societies are more adaptable to cross-cultural influence than others in relation to beverage consumption. The authors’ findings suggest that the cultural dimensions identified by Hofstede supported the understanding of cultural differences related to purchasing, brands and beverage consumption both at national and individual levels. However, there is an overlap between some countries in their drinking behaviour, which supports the claim that existing cultural patterns cannot fully explain the new beverage trends, especially in alcohol consumption. This indicates the necessity of a shift toward new dimensions with regard to beverage consumption and/or eventually consumer behaviour.

Cultural localisation as a strategy to preserve the persuasive function in the translation of tourism websites from French into English

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-152
Author(s):  
Sally Elizabeth Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Global Marketing ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Wine Tourism ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Tourism Websites

Abstract Tourist promotional texts function like advertising texts in that they aim to “persuade, lure, woo, and seduce” (Dann 1996). In the context of global marketing, tourists can be considered consumers who seek to escape from ordinary life carrying their culturally embedded mindsets with them. Although cultural differences have been widely discussed in the literature on tourism translation, few studies have focused on the deeper level ‘out-of-awareness’ culture through which tourists travelling abroad interpret what they see. This paper investigates cultural localisation as a strategy to adapt the source text of a French wine tourism website to the hidden cultural values of British tourists in order to preserve the persuasive function of the target text. Using Hall’s anthropological iceberg model and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions as the framework, a small sample of French source texts and their English translations are compared to demonstrate the link between the stylistic features of tourism language and the psychological motivations of tourists, highlighting the interplay between all levels of the cultural iceberg. The findings suggest that culturally localised tourism websites are more likely to succeed as instruments of persuasion, with ego-targeting discussed as an effective strategy when adapting the text to appeal to the British market.

Antecedents of attitudes toward the website

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Miguel Alcántara-Pilar ◽  
Salvador Del Barrio-García
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Web

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the moderating role of the cultural dimensions of long-term orientation (LTO) and individualism (IND) on the relationships between satisfaction online, message involvement (MI) and perceived usefulness (PU) of the web site on attitude toward the web site. Design/methodology/approach – The authors chose a between-subjects experimental design, using culture (Spanish vs British) as the independent variable. Two versions of a web site for a fictitious tourist destination were created – one written in Spanish and the other in English. The sample comprised 491 users. Findings – The findings indicate that the LTO dimension moderates the relationship between satisfaction online and PU on attitude toward the web site. The relationships between MI and attitude toward the web site could not be confirmed. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this study is the comparison of only two cultures, Spain vs the UK. Practical implications – The key implication is that if marketers and web site designers can better understand how national cultural differences moderate the attitude formation and change process among tourists, this will enable them to market their destinations and services more effectively. National cultural differences explain the differences found in the effect of satisfaction and PU on attitude toward the web site. Originality/value – This study is one of the few analyzing the moderating effect of LTO and IND on three antecedents of attitude toward the web site. The original cultural values established by Hofstede (2001) were tested among the present sample to establish the extent to which they remain true today. To create an authentic browsing scenario for the experiment, a web site was specially designed for a fictitious tourist destination, with its own domain name (buyada.org). Subjects were invited to browse the site freely while carrying out the task assigned to them. This approach contributed added value to the research by simulating the real behavior of tourists who are faced with a range of choices when putting together a tourism package for a given destination.

IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN MANAGEMENT IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES BASED IN SLOVAKIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 570-574
Author(s):  
Elena Delgadová ◽  
Monika Gullerová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
S Model ◽  
Research Analysis

: In 2004, Slovakia became a full-fledged member of the European Union. Since then, Slovakia has been one of the attractive investment locations for multinational companies in the region of Central Europe for its skilled and educated labor force. Managers who want to succeed in running multinational companies in culturally diverse settings must have the intercultural competence, i.e. the capability of thinking and acting in interculturally appropriate ways. The lack of intercultural competence skills in managers may result not only in miscommunication but can also be detrimental to the financial and economic success of organizations. The purpose of the paper was to identify cultural differences in management in German, Korean and French multinational companies operating in Slovakia. In the paper, the methods of questionnaire, literature research, analysis, synthesis were utilized. 160 respondents participated in the research on establishing cultural differences in management based on Hofstede’s model of cultural dimensions.

scholarly journals Cultural Value Dimensions and Ethnicity within Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Ketter ◽  
Michael C. Arfsten
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Post Hoc

<p>The study compared the cultural values along the seven World Values Survey dimensions. Subjects were 811 males, age 18 to 35, proportionately representing the 11 largest ethnic groups in Kenya. The study extended research in cultural differences between ethnic identities within a country, supplemental to cultural differences between countries. Significant differences are found between the Kenyan ethnic groups on the dimensions of masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, indulgence vs. restraint, and long-term orientation. Post-hoc analyses differentiated between individual ethnic groups on the cultural dimensions. Implications for management are presented to acknowledge ethnic differences in world orientation based on cultural dimension differences of ethnicities within Kenya.</p><p><span style="font-size: 10px;"> </span></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals An Analysis on Cultural Values of The Love Eterne and Titanic: Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Love Stories ◽  
Hofstede’S Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

The Love Eterne in China and Titanic in the United States are both very classic love movies in history. The background of the two love stories do have something in common, but due to the characters’ different choices, the end is entirely different. This paper attempts to make a comparison between Chinese value orientation and American ones based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, so as to find out the cultural differences between the two countries.

scholarly journals Hatay’daki Suriyeli Mültecilerin Girişimcilik Alanındaki Deneyimleri ve Mekânsal Faktörler

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Olgu Karan ◽  
Bilge Çakır ◽  
Erhan Kurtarır
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Small Business Owners ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Depth Interviews

Bu yazı, Türkiye’de yeni yeni gelişen göçmen küçük işletme sahipleri yazınına, Hatay’ın Samandağ, Defne, Kırıkhan, Reyhanlı ve Antakya ilçelerinde yapılan alan çalışmasını Bourdieu’nun alan kuramını işlemselleştirerek katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır.  Araştırmanın temel sorusu, farklı ilçelerin demografik ve sosyo–kültürel yapısının Suriyeli mültecilerin küçük işletme deneyimlerini nasıl etkilediğidir. Saha çalışması, saha gözlemleri, 30 küçük işletmecinin yanı sıra Hatay’ın ilçelerinde bulunan Esnaf ve Sanatkârlar Odası ile Antakya Ticaret Odası’ndan 4 yetkiliyle yapılan derinlemesine mülakatlardan oluşmaktadır. Bugüne kadar birçok çalışmada elde edilen bulguların, alanın ve ilçelerin yapısını hesaba katmadığı, sadece Suriyeli mültecilerin girişimcilik stratejilerine, özelliklerine, oluşturdukları ve sahip oldukları sermaye türlerine odaklandığı görülmüştür. Bu tür araştırmaların bütünlüklü ve ilişkisel bir araştırma ortaya koyamayıp, girişimcilerin alanla ilişkili olarak karşılaştıkları zorlukları ve bunların üstesinden gelmek için geliştirdikleri stratejileri ve adaptasyon süreci farklılıklarını anlamaktan uzak kaldığı da bir gerçektir. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’deki Suriyeli esnaflar yazınında oluşan kolaycılığa kaçan genellemeci, farklı yerel etkenlere bağlı olarak oluşan dinamikleri, deneyimleri ve “entegrasyon” stratejilerini gözden kaçıran eğilimler bu çalışmada eleştirilmektedir. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH Syrian Refugees Entrepreneurial Experiences and Spatial Factors in Hatay, Turkey This study aims to contribute to the emerging scholarship on Syrian Refugee entrepreneurship in Turkey by utilising Bourdieusian field theory. The main research question of the paper is as follows: How demographic and socio-cultural structures of different districts of Hatay impact on the experiences of Syrian Refugee entrepreneurship in Hatay, Turkey? The research employs field observations and 34 in-depth interviews with 30 small business owners from Syrian refugees in various trades and 4 key persons from trade associations in the districts of Hatay province such as Samandağ, Defne, Antakya, Kırıkhan and Reyhanlı. The research illustrates those demographic, economic and socio-cultural differences within the districts of Hatay province lead to differentiated entry possibilities, barriers, and strategies for Syrian refugees in small business ownership.

Ethnic-Based Cultural Differences: Study of Lithuania's Russian Minority

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Grazina Ciuladiene ◽  
Karolina Walancik ◽  
Viktorija Sevcuvianec
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Orientations

Cultural orientation is conceptualized as a moderator variable of behavior. People of different ethnic groups possess cultural orientations different from those of the majority. Assuming cultural homogene-ity across all people of a given nation-state may lead to neglecting the potentially multi-layered nature of national cultural values. Cultural differences offer guidelines to equip oneself better in personal communication (Yi 2021). This study examines the cultural value orientations of Lithuania’s Russian diaspora, who in 2015 made up of 4.8% national average. The research question was concerned with characteristics of value orientations concerning four dimensions of Hofstede’s cultural value orientation. A total of 193 respon-dents of the target group completed the adopted Yoo, Donthu, and Lenartowicz’s (2011) questionnaire CVSCALE. The study explored ethnic-based intra-country cultural differences and similarities providing a greater understanding of the societal differences in value orientations.

Influence of culture on priority-setting of high performance activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Waal ◽  
Kettie Chipeta
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bivariate Correlation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine whether there are common conceptions of high performance organizations (HPOs) among business in South Africa and Tanzania. This is important to know because their perceptions will not only influence the nature and scope of topics, syllabi and course materials used in teaching, but will also influence the priority of organizational decisions which are going to be made by the students when they are managers. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected by means of a questionnaire from a sample of 357 second and third year business students who were asked to rate the 35 items contained in the HPO Framework (Waal, 2012) on a seven-point Likert-scale. Findings – Factor analysis revealed that South African and Tanzania business students put priority on three of the original five HPO factors: continuous improvement and renewal, long-term orientation, high quality management, comprising 16 of the original 35 HPO characteristics. A bivariate correlation between the HPO factors and Hofstede’s dimensions of cultural values revealed a significant relationship between the HPO factor long-term orientation and three of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, for both cultures. Originality/value – The value of the study is that it adds to the HPO literature by focussing on cultural implications and Hofstede’s dimensions. The answer to the research question are there similarities or differences among business students from South Africa and Tanzania in their perceptions of what the priority should be in regard to strengthening specific characteristics in the HPO Framework? is affirmative: yes, there are differences in high performance priority-setting per country and these differences can be explained by cultural differences. The findings of this study thus form a basis for the understanding of the effects of national cultures on the creation of HPOs.

Cultural values and management ethics: A 10-nation study

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1267-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Ethical Attitudes ◽  
Management Ethics ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences

There is currently a lack of empirical work on cross-cultural differences in ethical attitudes towards day-to-day management decision-making in organizations. Work that currently exists in the area of management ethics also lacks cultural explanations of differences. The present study tries to overcome these deficiencies by providing a model of ethical decision-making that is based on cultural antecedents, which may explain differences in judgements of ethicality, and consequential ethical attitudes or professed behaviour. This article reports a 10-nation empirical study that focuses on ethical 'grey areas' that form part of the day-to-day decision-making in organizations across the globe. Countries were selected to represent variation along two cultural dimensions of 'collectivism-individualism', and 'uncertainty avoidance'. These dimensions were then used to explain national cultural differences in judgements of ethicality of decision items concerned with relations with external stakeholders, with the corporation and with the group. Results generally confirm that these dimensions, once elaborated to consider more recent detailed research, provide explanations for differences in ethical attitudes among national groups. This study points the way to further investigations based on cultural explanations of differences in managers' ethical attitudes and behaviour.

scholarly journals Non-elite conceptions of Europe: Europe as reference frame in English football fan discussions

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Weber ◽  
Alexander Brand ◽  
Arne Niemann ◽  
Florian Koch
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
European Identity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Political Understanding ◽  
English Premier League

Discursive approaches to Europe usually focus on elite discourses and target a narrow political understanding of Europe. Against the backdrop of rising Euroscepticism and the known elite-mass divide on issues of European identity, it seems important to shift the focus toward non-elite discourses on Europe. Given that club football is largely Europeanised (player markets, continent-wide club competitions and broadcasting of matches), we analyse how fans of the English Premier League club Manchester United discursively construct ‘Europe’ in relation to their sport. Our main research question aims at identifying how identifications of fans have been unconsciously Europeanised in the wake of an ongoing Europeanisation of the game. We explore online discourses on rivalry, competition and player transfers in club football as these areas are strongly influenced by the interplay of national and European inclinations. Preliminary results of our qualitative content analysis demonstrate that Manchester United fans, inasmuch as their club ‘goes Europe’ on a frequent basis, have developed transnational perspectives on football. Distinctions between ‘us’ and ‘them’ are not predominantly based on nationality, even though they remain complex. However, European orientations (not the European Union as such) seem to play more of a prominent role than commonly assumed.

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