scholarly journals Conflict Resolution in Virtual Locations

2011 ◽  
pp. 33-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Andrade ◽  
Paulo Novais ◽  
Davide Carneiro ◽  
José Neves
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electronic Format ◽  
New Developments ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
On Line

The growing use of telematic ways of communication and of the new developments of Artificial Intelligence, brought along new ways of doing business, now in an electronic format, and requiring a new legal approach. Thus, there is an obvious need for legal changes and adaptations, not only concerning a new approach of traditional legal institutes, but also concerning a need for new developments in procedural means. Transactions are now undertaken in fractions of seconds, through the telematic networks, requiring more efficient ways for solving conflicts; on the other hand, the fact that we must now consider commercial transactions totally undertaken within an electronic environment (“online transactions”) leads to an obligation of rethinking the ways of solving disputes, that will inevitably arise from electronic commerce. Chapter 3 discusses a whole new evolution towards a growing use not only alternative dispute resolution, but also, towards the so-called on-line dispute resolution.

scholarly journals Businesses Blogging and the Effects of Non-Compliance

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Duryana Binti Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
On Line ◽  
Primary Medium

Presently, business blogging is gaining increasing on-line popularity. Some bloggers or business owners engage in this form of business for limited periods to test the marketability of their products, while others rely on it as the primary medium for marketing their products and services. Given that commerce is being conducted via blogs, some exploit this medium for fraudulent purposes. In Malaysia, there are legal rules and regulations governing online transactions or electronic commerce. However, to date these have not been updated to include specific provisions for business blogging. The legal issues that arise are whether owners of such commercial blogs should comply with the existing legal framework governing online transactions or electronic commerce and are thus liable to consumers under consumer laws. This paper discusses the above issues by examining the application of existing laws on business blogging and the effects of non-compliance.

Nonmanipulable Collective Decision-Making for Games

2012 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Rob LeGrand ◽  
Timothy Roden ◽  
Ron K. Cytron
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Game Development ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Game Players

This chapter explores a new approach that may be used in game development to help human players and/or non-player characters make collective decisions. The chapter describes how previous work can be applied to allow game players to form a consensus from a simple range of possible outcomes in such a way that no player can manipulate it at the expense of the other players. Then, the text extends that result and shows how nonmanipulable consensus can be found in higher-dimensional outcome spaces. The results may be useful when developing artificial intelligence for non-player characters or constructing frameworks to aid cooperation among human players.

scholarly journals Modelling other agents through evolutionary behaviours

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Zeng ◽  
Qiang Ran ◽  
Biyang Ma ◽  
Yinghui Pan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Evolutionary Computation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Quality ◽  
Genetic Operators ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Research ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

AbstractModelling other agents is a challenging topic in artificial intelligence research particularly when a subject agent needs to optimise its own decisions by predicting their behaviours under uncertainty. Existing research often leads to a monotonic set of behaviours for other agents so that a subject agent can not cope with unexpected decisions from the other agents. It requires creative ideas about developing diversity of behaviours so as to improve the subject agent’s decision quality. In this paper, we resort to evolutionary computation approaches to generate a new set of behaviours for other agents and solve the complicated agents’ behaviour search and evaluation issues. The new approach starts with the initial behaviours that are ascribed to the other agents and expands the behaviours by using a number of genetic operators in the behaviour evolution. This is the first time that evolutionary techniques are used to modelling other agents in a general multiagent decision framework. We examine the new methods in two well-studied problem domains and provide experimental results in support.

Fuzzy-Possibilistic Classification: Resolution of Initialization Problem

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Houria Boudouda ◽  
◽  
Mohamed Nemissi ◽  
Hamid Seridi ◽  
Herman Akdag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Possibility Theory ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Noise Effect ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Expert ◽  
The One ◽  
Membership Matrix

The methods of automatic classification resulting from the artificial intelligence are generally the consequences of a formalism based on an artificial reasoning quasi similar to that of the human expert. All the approaches of automatic classification developed so far, whether in an exact or approximate context, are dissociated from each other by the membership concept of an object to a class. In this paper, we present a new approach hybrid of unsupervised automatic classification under the C-Means (means of C classes) family. This new approach, based on the fusion of fuzzy and possibility theory and initialized by a membership matrix, allows on the one hand to solve simultaneously the problem of overlapping and coincidence, to reduce the noise effect and on the other hand to accelerate the classification process. The model validation is carried out by the FCM (Fuzzy C-Means), the PCM (Possibilistic C-Means)and the FPCM (Fuzzy-Possibilistic C-Means) for two cases of initialization by using Iris, Textured image and Tight human data basis.

scholarly journals Universal standards for the concept of trust in online dispute resolution systems in e-commerce disputes

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Abedi ◽  
John Zeleznikow ◽  
Emilia Bellucci
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Online Dispute Resolution ◽  
Gathering Data

Abstract The need for an appropriate jurisdiction for electronic commerce disputes has led to the well-established mechanism for solving disputes through the internet known as the Online Dispute Resolution (ODR). Currently, there is no universal agreement about the concept of trust in ODR systems, although this issue has been widely discussed in the field of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). The current study aimed to develop a set of standards to enhance trust and confidence in using ODR systems. In this study, we have adopted a new approach in the ODR field, and no similar research has been conducted. This study used a quantitative (online survey) and mainly qualitative approach (interview) for gathering data. After analysing data, this research identified three elements as standards to measure trust in ODR systems including knowledge, expectations of fairness and code of ethics. Finally, our findings provide several practical and methodological implications.

A New Approach to the Demonstration of Oxidase-Localization Using Tannic Acid Or Catechin

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
V. Mizuhira ◽  
Y. Futaesaku
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tissue Block ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
The Cross

Previously we reported that tannic acid is a very effective fixative for proteins including polypeptides. Especially, in the cross section of microtubules, thirteen submits in A-tubule and eleven in B-tubule could be observed very clearly. An elastic fiber could be demonstrated very clearly, as an electron opaque, homogeneous fiber. However, tannic acid did not penetrate into the deep portion of the tissue-block. So we tried Catechin. This shows almost the same chemical natures as that of proteins, as tannic acid. Moreover, we thought that catechin should have two active-reaction sites, one is phenol,and the other is catechole. Catechole site should react with osmium, to make Os- black. Phenol-site should react with peroxidase existing perhydroxide.

Reading About Persons: The Effects of Conjunctions on the Mental Representation of Person Descriptions

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Krolak-Schwerdt ◽  
Margret Wintermantel ◽  
Nadine Junker ◽  
Julia Kneer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Person Memory ◽  
Causal Connections ◽  
Single Person ◽  
On Line

Three experiments investigated the processing of person descriptions that consisted of a number of statements about the characteristics of a person. In one condition, each statement referred to a single person attribute and in the other condition, causal and additive conjunctions to verbally link the statements were introduced. Evidence was found that the introduction of verbal links enhanced participants’ memory about the characteristics of the described person. On-line measures of processing showed that the comprehension of person information was strongly facilitated by the introduction of verbal links. Furthermore, the results were due to the introduction of causal connections between person attributes. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for models of person memory and representation.

DEVELOPING THE SCIENTIFIC MAGAZINE IN THE PERIOD OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duy Dung
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Publishing Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
International Scientific Journal

Characteristics of the industrial revolution 4.0 is the wide application of high-tech achievements, especially information technology, digitalization, artificial intelligence, network connections for management to create sudden changes in socio-economic development of many countries. Therefore, to reach the high-tech time, many magazines in Vietnam have changed dramatically, striving to reach the international scientific journal system of ISI, Scopus. The publication of international standard scientific journal will meet the demand of publishing research results of local scientists, on the other hand contribute to strengthening exchange, cooperation, international integration in science and technology.

MAPPING CONTEMPORARY ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE OF MUḤAMMAD SAʻĪD AL-‘ASHMĀWĪ AND MUḤAMMAD SHAḤRŪR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Yusroh Yusroh ◽  
Mohd. Zaki Abd. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Marriage And Divorce ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence

Muḥammad Saʻīd Al-‘Ashmāwī and Muḥammad Shaḥrūr are well known as contemporary Muslim thinkers. This article tries to map their contemporary ideas on Islamic jurisprudence. The main data of this research taken mainly from the works both of Al-‘Ashmāwī and Shaḥrūr. In particular, the paper tries to analyze Al-‘Ashmāwī‘s ideas on sharia, politics, hijab, marriage and divorce. On the other hand, the ideas of Shahrour on al-Qur'an, Sunnah and Fiqh, the theory of borders, pluralism, the commandment, inheritance, hijab, marriage, divorce, dowry, politics, and imamate are also critizised. After analyzing their lives and their ideas on Islamic jurisprudence, the paper found that their social, educational and practical backgrounds have affected their intellectual formations and ideas. Ashmawi is encouraged by diligence and enlightenment and is believed to be enlightened. Shahrour, however, takes a new approach in order to create the ḥudūd theory as a new way. As well as their intellectual background, Ashmawi has a good queen in Arabic, English and French as well as religion, Sharia, jurisprudence and theology. Shahrour is a good queen in Arabic, English, Russian, philosophy, philology and historical language.

A NEW APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF COORDINATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Anna Varnayeva
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Property ◽  
Mathematical Concept ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Logical Aspect ◽  
First Case

Coordinative constructions are traditionally opposed to subordinative constructions. However, this opposition comes down to denial of dependence in coordinative constructions. Thereby the parity of these two constructions does not come to light: subordinative construction can be described without coordinative one. This situation is not improved by detection of a coordinative triangle in all coordinative constructions. The article shows a new approach in the study of coordinative constructions: a coordinative construction is a system; there are not only specific relations – a coordinative triangle, – but also specific elements. Novelty of the study consists in the address to extralinguistic facts, viz. a mathematical concept of a set and its elements. There are a lot of similarities between them. A set in mathematics includes generalizing elements and the composed row in coordinative constructions; in the first case the set is not partitioned, in the second case it is partitioned. In mathematics equivalent components in coordinative constructions correspond to the set elements. A characteristic property in mathematics is homogeneity in coordinative constructions and etc. It is firstly demonstrated, that coordinative and subordinative constructions are correlative and the study of one construction is impossible without the study of the other one. Their parity is shown in coordinative constructions with elements of one set, in subordinative ones with elements of different sets. Cf.: roses and tulips –red roses. In the coordinatiму construction elements of one set are called: «flowers »; in the subordinative construction there are elements of different sets: «flowers » and «colors». It should be noted that the mathematical concept of a set relates to so called logical aspect in linguistics or thinking about reality.

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