Challenges of Green Economy in Armenia

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Susanna Aghajanyan ◽  
Gagik Aghajanyan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Complete Elimination ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Harmful Emissions

The economy ecologization process should take into account the development needs of each nation by developing effective systems of production and consumption. That is why in the system of measures ensuring the transition to a “green” economy, overcoming poverty and expanding the livelihoods of the most vulnerable sections of society should be a priority. At the same time, the convergence of economic and environmental policies, where prospects for economic growth are at the forefront, avoiding stress on nature resulting in unpredictable and qualitative implications for natural resources is important. Today, with resource constraints and harmful emissions, the main problem lies in the complete elimination of reliance on economic growth materials and energy resource use, which involves the identification of opportunities to increase the efficiency of the material sectors of the economy.

scholarly journals The Green Economy Perspective of Batu City: Calculating Depletion in the Tourism Sector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasyim Ibnu Abbas ◽  
Hadi Sumarsono ◽  
Farida Rahmawati ◽  
Inayati Nuraini Dwiputri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Conservation Of Natural Resources

The concept of sustainable development has begun to be developed, namely in line with current needs and without endangering future generations. In addition to focusing on environmental issues, this concept covers economic development, environmental protection and social development. However, this concept still tends to focus on short- term economic development. With the limitation of the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN) and the resources we have, it is not surprising that policymakers prefer shortcuts. As a result, the quality of economic growth has deteriorated. One of the efforts to harmonize the needs of economic growth and conservation of natural resources is the concept of a Green Economy. This article discusses how to calculate economic development as seen from the amount of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from a Green Economy perspective. Batu City, as a tourism city that relies on natural conditions and its environment, needs to analyze its economic development from a Green Economy perspective in order to be sustainable. This article aimed to analyze the depletion of natural resources of the sub-sector “Provision of Accommodation and Food – Beverage” which supports tourism in Batu City. The results showed that in 2015-2019, natural resource depletion increased every year. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Green Economy, Depletion, Natural Resources

scholarly journals Linking economic growth pathways and environmental sustainability by understanding development as alternate social–ecological regimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (38) ◽  
pp. 9533-9538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme S. Cumming ◽  
Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Populations

Scientists understand how global ecological degradation is occurring but not why it seems to be so difficult to reverse. We used national-level data and a mathematical model to provide an empirical test of the hypothesis that national economies display two distinct economic regimes that are maintained by self-reinforcing feedbacks between natural resources and society. Our results not only support previous findings that two distinct groups exist, but also show that countries move toward one of these two different equilibrium points because of their different patterns of natural resource use and responses to population growth. At the less economically developed equilibrium point maintained by “green-loop” feedbacks, human populations depend more directly on ecosystems for income. At the more economically developed equilibrium point maintained by “red-loop” feedbacks, nonecosystem services (e.g., technology, manufacturing, services) generate the majority of national gross domestic product (GDP), but increasing consumption of natural resources means that environmental impacts are higher and are often exported (via cross-scale feedbacks) to other countries. Feedbacks between income and population growth are pushing countries farther from sustainability. Our analysis shows that economic growth alone cannot lead to environmental sustainability and that current trajectories of resource use cannot be sustained without breaking feedback loops in national and international economies.

scholarly journals GREEN GROWTH: THE SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH MODEL

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Luan Nguyen Van
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Economic Growth Model

The transition of the economic growth model towards a green and sustainableone is a process that requires a reasonable and efficient combination of growth factors. The Vietnam’s economic growth in the period of 2001-2013 created an impression of the economic growth in the economic transition period. The economic growth in the last decade has been mainly in breadth and relied on investment capital and labor expansions. The growth has also relied on natural resources which exacerbated the environmental pollution. This requires Vietnam to change the economic growth model towards a green and sustainable ones. Green growth and green economic development are towards a low-carbon economy, enriching natural resources, reducing emission and increasing greenhouse gases absorption which are an inevitable tendency in the socio-economic development. The green economy enhances the living quality, social equality and significantly reduces the environmental risks and ecological scarcity. This is a new economic model which has a low emission level, uses natural resources efficiently and towards a social equality.

scholarly journals Trends in green transformation economic policy: experience of leading countries and russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Inobbat Alieva ◽  
Saltanat Omurova ◽  
Dmitry Kuznetsov ◽  
Inga Pankina ◽  
Irina Shchepkova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Rational Use

Given the demand for green economic growth and sustainable development, many economic practices demonstrate different rates and characteristics of the transition to a green economy, which in one way or another are determined by the initial socio-economic factors and the economic policy implemented by the state. Stimulating green growth and increasing the well-being of society through the rational use of natural resources, natural capital and ecosystems require the elaboration and development of alternative measures for ensuring the rational use of natural resources, the development of environmental innovations and human capital. An equally important factor contributing to green growth is the formation of a state policy of green economic growth, as well as tools and mechanisms for its implementation. The conceptual foundations of a supranational green growth policy have already been developed and the methodological basis has been elaborated. The study of the experience and best practices of green growth in different countries allows us to identify certain shortcomings that require a deeper study and revision of state regulation documents. In addition, the post-Covid economy requires a separate consideration from the point of view of both the relevance of the policy of green growth and the measures and tools for its implementation. Thus, the study of modern trends and principles of the implementation of the state policy of green growth is a topical area of research that requires critical rethinking for the introduction of more constructive measures for reaching the set goals and objectives.

Factors of the circular economy development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-447
Author(s):  
S.V. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Consumption Waste

Subject. Today the circular economy is viewed as a new model of economic growth that allows overcoming resource constraints. Despite the general understanding that environmental problems are the main incentive for the transition to circular models of production and consumption, the underlying factors in the development of this economic model have not been fully studied in modern literature. Are circular production models available only to technologically highly developed rich countries, or, conversely, poverty and a total lack of resources are the best incentive for the development of a circular economy? Objectives. I study the influence of such factors as the general economic and innovative development of the country, as well as the State's innovating activity to form and develop circular models of economic growth. Methods. The research was carried out with methods of econometric modeling. Eurostat data were used as an underlying source of information. Results. The study showed that the high level of the national economic development positively influences the resource efficiency of an economy, but more advanced countries produce more waste in the consumption sector. Production and consumption waste recycling demonstrates better trends in less economically developed countries. Countries with substantial innovation expenditures tend to have more robust municipal and industrial waste recycling technologies, as well as a more effective use of secondary materials. The development of an e-waste recycling system is essentially dependent on government incentives for innovation in this area. Conclusions. The findings can be used for outlining national federal and regional programs for the development of production and consumption waste recycling mechanisms in Russia. Social entrepreneurship and business initiative may appear one of the priority mechanisms spurring the circular economy in Russia through traditional patterns of resource-saving consumer behavior.

scholarly journals Ecotourism, environmental preservation and conflicts over natural resources

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 185-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kent
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Southern Bahia ◽  
User Groups

Ecotourism has profound social impacts through the transformations it generates in the distribution of access to natural resources. At the heart of this transformation stands the paradox of ecotourism: it exploits natural environments while at the same time depending on their preservation. As a result, ecotourism has increasingly become articulated with environmental policies, in particular the creation of protected areas. Such policies have privileged those environments that are of interest to the ecotourism industry. They have also served to restrict competing forms of resource use. Local populations in particular have seen their access to natural resources diminished. This paper explores interest conflicts between local and external user groups in an ecotourism destination in Southern Bahia. Its focus is on strategies through which external groups related to ecotourism and environmental preservation have sought to appropriate control over natural resources.

The circular ecological economy - a beneficial environment in light of the use of natural resources in the Republic of Moldova

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesea Cojocaru ◽  
Zorina Siscan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Republic

<p>The welfare of the Republic of Moldova much depends on the use of its natural resources. However, the pace at which the natural resources are exploited exceeds the ability of the environment to regenerate them. Land resources are the main natural wealth of the country. The conservation and increase of effective fertility of the soils becomes the basic task of the owners of agricultural lands. The methods of the conventional agriculture do not work anymore to make the sector competitive at regional and global markets. New concepts and technologies of Green and Circular economy are of more perspective. They also are more effective under the continuous unbalanced extraction of natural resources which causes environmental damage.</p><p>The case of Moldova reflects the global trends. Some international studies have shown that the global consumption of materials per capita has doubled, while the consumption of primary energy has tripled in the last hundred years. In other words, each of us consumes three times as much energy and twice as much material as our predecessors consumed in 1900. Moreover, nowadays there are 7.2 billion consumers compared to 1.6 billion in 1900.</p><p>At the same time, the requirements for quality standards in Green economy are very high and rigid as well as  “the annual financing demand to green the global economy has been estimated to be in range 1.05 USD to 2.59 USD trillion” (UNEP, 2011). That is why the Circular ecological economy is seen as more viable solution for world, regional and national economies. ”Ecological economy” generally refers to an economy in which all the choices regarding production and consumption are made taking into account the welfare of the society and the global health of the environment. ”Circular economy” implies a system of production and consumption that generates as little loss as possible.</p><p>The EU Circular economy Package and CE Stakeholder Platform are a good start for regional economy as well as that of Republic of Moldova as its Associate Member. The beneficial solution for improving the environment of the country consists in redesigning products, production and consumption processes by minimizing waste and transforming that unused part into a resource.</p>

Norman Uphoff, Milton J. Esman and Anirudh Krishna. Reasons for Success: Learning from Instructive Experiences in Rural Development. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1998. Paperback. Indian Rs 250.00. 233 pages.

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
Afia Malik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Neoclassical Model ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Small Holders

Given the demographic realities in the developing world, it is not possible to solve the problems of poverty in these countries following the neoclassical model of economic growth. Since the majority of people are ruralites in these countries, the focus should be on rural development directly rather than on waiting for the benefits to trickle down to the rural poor. What is needed is to improve the quality of life and productivity of the small-holders or landless whose livelihood is based on natural resources which are depleting and require urgent attention. More options should be available for the rural people in their own area.

STATE SUPPORT FOR «GREEN» INVESTMENTS AND MARKET «GREEN» FINANCING: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
L.S. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
State Support ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Government ◽  
Green Investments

The present study reveals the trends and features of the current state of financing the foreign countries’ transition to a new «green» economic growth model. To summarize the contemporary experience of countries’ integration into public administration practice the approaches and standards in the field of «green» investments financing.The subject of the study is the set of measures implemented by countries to develop sources of finance for «green» economy projects.Tasks: 1) to consider the principal directions of the «green» investments state policy support, its purpose, and the tools used; 2) to identify the market’s role in the «green» economy financing; 3) to clarify the main issues constraining private investments in «green» projects. The countries’ approach to «green» economic growth financing is examined in the present paper by means of common methods of scientific knowledge.There reviewed the arguments justifying the government support for «green» investments. There revealed the problems constraining the market «green» financing development and speculations about their origins. The study concludes that the countries’ economic policies are aimed at improving the existing model’s efficiency, not at the transition to the new «green» economy model. Thus, through the state support tools, there being generated strong signals signifying the creation of favorable market conditions for the functioning of a new economy sector – the sector of «green» technologies.

scholarly journals Decoupling Analysis between Economic Growth and Air Pollution in Key Regions of Air Pollution Control in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6600
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lipeng Hou ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Lina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
No2 Pollution

The Chinese government has implemented a number of environmental policies to promote the continuous improvement of air quality while considering economic development. Scientific assessment of the impact of environmental policies on the relationship between air pollution and economic growth can provide a scientific basis for promoting the coordinated development of these two factors. This paper uses the Tapio decoupling theory to analyze the relationship between regional economic growth and air pollution in key regions of air pollution control in China—namely, the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and surrounding areas (BTHS), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD)—based on data of GDP and the concentrations of SO2, PM10, and NO2 for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019. The results show that the SO2, PM10, and NO2 pollution in the key regions show strong and weak decoupling. The findings additionally indicate that government policies have played a significant role in improving the decoupling between air pollution and economic development. The decoupling between economic growth and SO2 and PM10 pollution in the BTHS, YRD, and PRD is better than that in other regions, while the decoupling between economic growth and NO2 pollution has not improved significantly in these regions. To improve the relationship between economic growth and air pollution, we suggest that the governments of China and other developing countries should further optimize and adjust the structure of industry, energy, and transportation; apply more stringent targets and measures in areas of serious air pollution; and strengthen mobile vehicle pollution control.

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