Reclaiming the Green Continent

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Pablo Iannone
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Freedoms

This essay examines Latin American technological development and its connections with regional economic development, ecological deterioration, political freedoms’ fluctuations, and globalization processes—understood as the spreading interconnectedness of business, science, technology, politics, and culture through large regions or the entirety of the world. The essay investigates how policy and decision issues resulting from Latin American technological development and its correlates can be plausibly addressed and argues for several theses, most notably, that in dealing with the issues, national legislation and international treaties have attained and are likely to attain their purposes only to a limited extent and in a mixed manner; that less legislation-dependent procedures evidence greater effectiveness and political feasibility; and that some globalization processes help fuel the environmental issues, while others help facilitate their resolution. The essay provides some concrete examples of how the issues can be soundly addressed.

Reclaiming the Green Continent

2012 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
A.Pablo Iannone
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Freedoms

This essay examines Latin American technological development and its connections with regional economic development, ecological deterioration, political freedoms’ fluctuations, and globalization processes—understood as the spreading interconnectedness of business, science, technology, politics, and culture through large regions or the entirety of the world. The essay investigates how policy and decision issues resulting from Latin American technological development and its correlates can be plausibly addressed and argues for several theses, most notably, that in dealing with the issues, national legislation and international treaties have attained and are likely to attain their purposes only to a limited extent and in a mixed manner; that less legislation-dependent procedures evidence greater effectiveness and political feasibility; and that some globalization processes help fuel the environmental issues, while others help facilitate their resolution. The essay provides some concrete examples of how the issues can be soundly addressed.

The Environmental Protection Consciousness and Countermeasures

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1509-1512
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Pin Lv
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Environmental Concepts ◽  
Environment Sustainability ◽  
Development And Environment

There are various signs indicating that the Earth's natural environment is changing toward unfavorable direction for species, which is highly suspected to be connected with human activities. In the last century, people all over the world have realized the severity of environmental issues. In the long history, Chinese ancient had already development good rules and methods to reach balance between economic development and environment sustainability. This paper will discuss how environmental concepts forms and which methods could be applied in the future.

scholarly journals The Role of Education in Economic Development: A Comparison of South Korea and Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargiza Sakmurzaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
National Budget ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Economy

Education plays a big role in the economic development of the country. No country can achieve sustainable economic development without educated human capital. Education helps people to understand themselves and world. It improves the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and society. Education is a very important in raising productivity of people and promotes technological development. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the role of education in the economic development by comparing South Korea and Kyrgyzstan which are represents developed and developing countries of the world. South Korea, for example, is a highly industrialized and developed country which educational system is in the list of the best 10 systems in the world. In opposite, Kyrgyzstan is an agricultural country which economy is dominated by minerals extraction, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. As a result of the research it can be concluded that education is a compulsory and one of the major tools for development of one country. A developing country with a small economy such as Kyrgyzstan should take an example from South Korea and allocate much money from the national budget for the education. So, it is important for Kyrgyzstan to implement educational policy of developed countries within the framework of national policy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Renewable Energy Consumption on Sustainable Economic Development: Evidence from Emerging and Developing Economies

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun Ahmed ◽  
Koji Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean

The objective of the paper is to figure out the nexus between renewable energy consumption and sustainable economic development for emerging and developing countries. In this paper, a panel of 30 emerging and developing countries is selected using the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank, Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index (RECAI) by Ernst and Young, and a random selection method based on the current trend of renewable energy consumption for five different regions of the world i.e., Asia, South-Asia, Latin America, Africa and the Caribbean. To achieve the objective, robust panel econometric models such as the Pesaran cross-section dependence (CD) test, second generation panel unit root test, e.g., cross-sectional augmented IPS test (CIPS) proposed by Pesran (2007), panel co-integration test, fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) are applied to check the cross-sectional dependence, heterogeneity and long-term relationship among variables. The panel is strongly balanced and the findings suggest a significant long-run relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth for selected South Asian, Asian and most of the African countries (Ghana, Tunisia, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Cameroon). But for the Latin American and the Caribbean countries, economic growth depends on non-renewable energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption in the selected countries of these two regions are still at the initial stage. In case of the renewable energy consumption and CO 2 emissions nexus, for selected South Asian, Asian, Latin American and African countries both GDP and non-renewable energy consumption cause the increase of CO 2 emissions. For the Caribbean countries only non-renewable energy consumption causes the increase of CO 2 emissions. An important finding regarding renewable energy consumption-economic growth nexus indicates the existence of bi-directional causality. This supports the existence of a feedback hypothesis for the emerging and developing economies. In the case of renewable energy consumption- CO 2 emissions nexus, there exists unidirectional causality. This supports the existence of the conservation hypothesis, where CO 2 emissions necessitates the renewable energy consumptions. Based on the findings, the study proposes possible policy options. The countries, who have passed the take-off stage of renewable energy consumption, can take advanced policy initiatives e.g., feed-in tariff, renewable portfolio standard and green certificate for long-term economic development. Other countries can undertake subsidy, low interest loan and market development to facilitate the renewable energy investments.

The Twentieth Century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Schoppa
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World

The twentieth century was studded with extraordinary achievements in medicine, science, technology, and space. Yet, this century was the most violent in history, killing an estimated 30 million people in cold-blooded genocides and, in wars, an estimated 187 million. There was not a single year in the hundred-year span when there were no significant wars. In each chapter I have chosen several men and women, many not well-known, on whom I focus a bit more than other historical actors. They reflect the spirit of their times, though their approaches and contributions are distinctively nuanced. Existing in a climate primed for war and violence, they, like everyone else, had to decide where their source of political identity lay and, when a decision was necessary, where their political allegiance would fall: To their own lives as individuals in a specific locality? Or to a particular nation? Or to the larger global community? Given that this allegiance has been much discussed during the last half of the century up through today, to what geographical level do we see world citizens committing their allegiance? That answer will be a key determinant of the future. This chronological narrative also traces other crucial twentieth-century developments: women and their professional and social roles, goals, successes, and setbacks; the powerful forces of race and ethnicity; the role of identity; environmental issues, including atomic energy and the sustainability of natural resources; the causes and changing nature of wars around the world; and the historical roles of contingency and memory.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
LOLA NAZAROVNA KHALIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
The World

This article shows that an innovative and digital economy is one of the important factors in increasing the country's competitiveness and prosperity in the international arena. The economic development of Uzbekistan in the context of the globalization of the world economy and technological development is difficult to imagine without the rapid growth of the digital economy.

Western Sanctions and Russian Economy

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
V. Zagashvili
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World

The article considers in details the economic sanctions imposed in 2014-2015 against Russian Federation by the governments of USA, EU and some other nations. First of all, the author gives a theoretical and historic background of the problem, in particular, classification of the main types of economic sanctions applied in the world, the issues of their legitimacy and effectiveness, as well as the concrete experiences of the recent decades. On this basis an in-depth analysis of their immediate impact on the Russian economy and its future development is elaborated. Particular attention is paid to the influence of sanctions on the investment situation in the Russian economy. It is concluded that the current sanctions contributed to an increase of the inflation rate, deteriorated the investment prospects and stimulated capital outflow. They promoted depreciation of Ruble and reduction of the Russian international reserves, worsened the conditions for servicing the external debt. Along with sanctions, a strong effect on the state of the Russian economy was produced by the drop in international oil prices. These two factors accelerated the onset of economic recession in this country. However, it is stated that the fundamental factors of ongoing recession lie not in the cooling of political relations with Western governments or in the volatility of market prices but in an unsatisfactory institutional structure of the domestic economy. Respectively, the economic prospects of Russia for the nearest year are evaluated by the author as unfavorable. Further extension of sanctions will lead to further worsening of Russia’s investment attractiveness, braking down of the structural adjustments and technological development. It will also narrow opportunities for the Russian companies in their efforts to establish cooperative relations with the leading foreign counterparts and to integrate into the global value-added chains (VACs). Since the role of transnational production in the world economy is on the increase, the extent of participation in VACs will define the position of the country in the world market. Continuing difficulties in this area will deteriorate long-term prospects of the economic development of Russia. Generally, it is stated that even though the recent sanctions have not played a decisive role in the current recession their influence is quite notable. Most importantly, they brought to surface the fundamental structural problems that hold back a steady economic development of Russia. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14-28-00097 “The optimization of Russian foreign investment ties in the context of deteriorating relations with the EU”).

Diplomacy of science, technology and innovation Report of the Spanish Foreign Ministry and a brochure on its official page

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Thaer Tahir Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

In a rapidly changing world where new global challenges are striking their wings all over the world, it is recognized in the modern world that CTI is one of the engines of social and economic development and the drive for globalization. It will be more effective in the future. One of the solutions to these changes lies in science, technology and innovation. Science, technology and innovation are an engine for the task of economic development, but at the same time pose new challenges, as they contribute to the restructuring of the present world in the foreseeable future. In the same context, science, technology and innovation have a growing size in all areas of modern society, and this is manifest in the current international relations and the international presence of a country and its image in the world. The ability to bring about scientific and technological developments, innovation or attract talent are fundamental aspects of soft power and public diplomacy, and represent a framework for the state.

Emergent Vulnerability in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment in Latin America: The Case of Mexico

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-385
Author(s):  
Silvana Andrea Figueroa Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
World Order ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Cheap Labor ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Initiatives

AbstractOver recent decades, Latin America has seen its position in the world order erode. Its share of total world exports has significantly declined. A broad opening to foreign investment has economically depressed many local initiatives, and the region’s economic growth is now largely dependent upon foreign capital. Nevertheless, an incipient trend has become established that reflects a change in preference for foreign capital destinations, shaped by the degree to which a science-technology base is present. This draws attention to the fact that tax facilities, proximity to markets, and cheap labor are insufficient factors to guarantee the cycle of capital, since what stands out is the outgoing transfer of the innovation activity itself. Latin American governments have done little to build an attractive science-technology platform that could allow our countries to join these rapidly growing chains of commodity production. This ultimately suggests that greater exclusion is to be expected. In this article, the case of Mexico is highlighted as an example of these trends.

The Dependency Model of Latin American Underdevelopment: Three Basic Fallacies

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
The World ◽  
Dependency Model

This article attempts to examine the set of propositions loosely known as the dependency model of Latin American underdevelopment. The dependency model attributes such underdevelopment to the economic expansion of highly developed capitalist countries, particularly the United States. The model was first elaborated by Latin American economists and has subsequently acquired numerous adherents in the United States, especially among younger political scientists.The basic premise of the dependency model is that the economic development of Latin America has been determined and limited by the needs of the dominant economies in the world capitalist market. Because they are thus conditioned and limited, the Latin American economies are described as “dependent.”

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