Experimental Study on the Pressure Characteristics of Gasoline Vapor Explosion under Weak Restrictions

2013 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Liang ◽  
Dong Hai He ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Shu Liu ◽  
Jian Zhong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Initial Radius ◽  
Vapor Explosion ◽  
Explosion Pressure ◽  
Gasoline Vapor ◽  
Explosion Center ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

In this paper, the pressure characteristics of gasoline vapor explosion under weak restrictions was investigated experimentally. The experimental studies have shown that explosion pressure maximized when Rs/R0 was in the range of 1.5~2.0, and when Rs/R0 > 1.5, pressure was proportional to the 2.45 power of the initial radius, and attenuated with the extended distances from the explosion center according to the rule of negative exponent.

Study on the Explosion Characteristic Parameters of Gasoline Vapor Inerted by CO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1393-1397
Author(s):  
Yang Du ◽  
Jian Jun Liang ◽  
Shu Liu ◽  
Xin Sheng Jiang ◽  
Hai Bing Qian
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Vapor Explosion ◽  
Concentration Variation ◽  
Explosion Pressure ◽  
Gasoline Vapor ◽  
Pressure Peak

This paper studied the characteristics parameters of gasoline vapor explosion through experiments in aφ0.48m * 28.69m long straight pipeline inerted by CO2. By changing the CO2, O2and gasoline vapor concentration, variation laws of gasoline vapor explosion characteristic parameters were explored and analyzed in this paper. Studies have shown that the decrease of oxygen concentration could not only reduce the explosion range, but also change the explosion pressure peak and peak times significantly.

Experimental Visualization Study on the Explosion Process of Gasoline Vapor in Narrowly-Confined Space

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 2108-2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Liang ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Yi Hong Ou ◽  
Xin Sheng Jiang ◽  
Hai Bing Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Vapor Explosion ◽  
Gasoline Vapor ◽  
Explosion Process

In this paper, experimental study on gasoline vapor explosion was conducted with data acquisition technology of high-speed camera. In the experiments, the flame behaviors and the flow field movements were shot by the high-speed camera, the space pressure were recorded by high-speed dynamic tester, and the explosion process were analyzed refinedly and intuitively. Studies have shown that according to variations of flame behaviors and pressure characteristics, process of gasoline vapor explosion can be divided into four stages: the ignition stage, the development stage, the intensification stage and the plume stage.

scholarly journals Gasoline Vapor Explosion Modes in Confined Space under Weak Constraint Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 770 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
Jianjun Liang ◽  
Shimao Wang ◽  
Shu Liu ◽  
Peili Zhang ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confined Space ◽  
Vapor Explosion ◽  
Gasoline Vapor

Results of an experimental study of hydrogel drainage containing ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
I.I. Khusnitdinov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Glaucoma Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Studies

Purpose. Еxperimental substantiation of the effectiveness of biocompatible biodegradable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid and chitosan succinate as a carrier of ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations. Material and methods. Hydrogel drainage (HD) was obtained immediately before surgery. A solution of ranibizumab (0.23 ml) was mixed with a solution of hyaluronic acid dialdehyde (0.5 ml), then a solution of chitosan succinate (0.5 ml) was added. Experimental studies were performed in 12 (12 eyes) healthy rabbits. The first group consisted of 6 eyes – 0.187 ml of ranibizumab per 1 ml of gel. In the control group, HD was used intraoperatively without the addition of ranibizumab (6 eyes). Morphological studies were performed on 7th, 21st, and 42nd days. Results. In experimental studies in vitro and in vivo, it was proved that ranibizumab, administered as a part of 0.1 ml of hydrogel drainage in the antiglaucoma surgery area is released within 3 weeks and suppresses vascularization, scarring of the operating area, and preserves the intrascleral cavity. The optimal concentration of ranibizumab was selected-0.02 ml in 0.1 ml of gel. Conclusion. The safety and effectiveness of the use of hydrogel drainage with ranibizumab based on hyaluronic acid dialdehyde and chitosan succinate in anti-glaucoma operations has been proven. Key words: experimental research, hydrogel drainage, ranibizumab, glaucoma surgery.

Deaf and Hard-of-hearing Users Evaluating Designs for Highlighting Key Words in Educational Lecture Videos

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sushant Kafle ◽  
Becca Dingman ◽  
Matt Huenerfauth
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Educational Videos

There are style guidelines for authors who highlight important words in static text, e.g., bolded words in student textbooks, yet little research has investigated highlighting in dynamic texts, e.g., captions during educational videos for Deaf or Hard of Hearing (DHH) users. In our experimental study, DHH participants subjectively compared design parameters for caption highlighting, including: decoration (underlining vs. italicizing vs. boldfacing), granularity (sentence level vs. word level), and whether to highlight only the first occurrence of a repeating keyword. In partial contrast to recommendations in prior research, which had not been based on experimental studies with DHH users, we found that DHH participants preferred boldface, word-level highlighting in captions. Our empirical results provide guidance for the design of keyword highlighting during captioned videos for DHH users, especially in educational video genres.

Kinetics of hypso anhydrites dissolution in water. Experimental studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
A. L. Lebedev ◽  
I. V. Avilina
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Riccati Equation ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Common Ion ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Ion Effect ◽  
Kinetics Of Dissolution ◽  
Kinetics Of

Experimental study of kinetics of dissolution of hypso anhydrites at 25 ᵒC made it possible to formulate model of the process in the form of a balance equation for the kinetics of dissolution of gypsum, anhydrite (first and second orders, respectively) and kinetics of precipitation of gypsum (second order). The processing of the experimental data were carried out on the basis of the solution of the Riccati equation. When taking into account the common-ion effect on the solubility of gypsum and anhydrite, the calculated values turned out to be more comparable with the experimental ones.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Chaotic Jerk Circuit Application for Chaos Shift Keying

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
F. Capligins ◽  
A. Litvinenko ◽  
A. Aboltins ◽  
E. Austrums ◽  
A. Rusins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chaotic Synchronization ◽  
Channel Noise ◽  
Error Feedback ◽  
Shift Keying ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Chaos Shift Keying ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents a study of the chaotic jerk circuit (CJC) employment capabilities for digital communications. The concept of coherent chaos shift keying (CSK) communication system with controlled error feedback chaotic synchronization is proposed for a specific CJC in two modifications. The stability of chaotic synchronization between the two CJCs was evaluated in terms of voltage drop at the input of the slave circuit and the impact of channel noise using simulations and experimental studies.

scholarly journals Iron reduction from concentrates of hydrometallurgical dressing

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 728-735
Author(s):  
I. A. Rybenko ◽  
O. I. Nokhrina ◽  
I. D. Rozhikhina ◽  
M. A. Golodova ◽  
I. E. Khodosov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Software Complex

The article presents results of theoretical and experimental studies of the processes of iron solid-phase reduction from an iron-containing concentrate obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical dressing of ferromanganese and polymetallic manganese-containing ores with coals of grades D (long-flame) and 2B (brown). The method of thermodynamic modeling using TERRA software complex was used to study the reducing properties of hydrocarbons by calculating equilibrium compositions in the temperature range of 373 - 1873 K. The authors obtained the dependences of compositions and volume of the gas phase formed as a result of the release of volatile components during heating on the temperature for the coals of the grades under consideration. As a result of thermodynamic modeling, the optimal temperatures and consumption are determined, which ensure the complete iron reduction from an iron-containing concentrate. The results of experimental studies were obtained by modern research methods using laboratory and analytical equipment, as well as methods of statistical processing. Results of the coals analysis carried out using the Setaram LabSys Evo thermal analyzer showed that the process of thermal decomposition of coals of the studied grades proceeds according to general laws. The process of thermal decomposition of long-flame coal proceeds less intensively than of brown coal. The results of an experimental study of the processes of thermal decomposition of reducing agents have shown that volumes of the gas phases, formed when coals are heated to a temperature of 1173 K in an argon atmosphere, practically coincide with the calculated values. As a result of thermodynamic modeling and experimental study, the optimal consumption of D and 2B grades of coal is determined at a temperature of 1473 K. The best reducing agent with a minimum specific consumption is long-flame coal of D grade. When determining the optimal amount of reducing agent in charge mixtures during the study of metallization processes, it was found that with an excess of reducing agent, it is possible to achieve almost complete extraction (98 - 99 %) of iron from the concentrate.

scholarly journals Experimental study of the stratification of polydisperse emulsions in a cell with heated walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 2057 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
V I Valiullina ◽  
A I Mullayanov ◽  
A A Musin ◽  
L A Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Thermal Convection ◽  
Dispersion Medium ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Convective Flows ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

Abstract Experimental studies of the gravitational deposition of a polydisperse water-in-oil emulsion under heat influence are carried out. When the rate of thermal convection exceeds the rate of precipitation, partial delamination of the emulsion is found to occur. The viscosity of the dispersion medium decreases with increasing temperature, which contributes to an increase in the deposition rate of water droplets in the emulsion. In the presence of a temperature difference, convective flows occur in the liquid, while the drops of the emulsion coagulate and form larger agglomerates that settle faster to the bottom of the cell.

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