Room-Temperature Electrical Conductivity Property of TiN/O′-Sialon Multiphase Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2072-2075
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Xiang Xin Xue ◽  
Jun Bin Wu ◽  
Pei Ning Duan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Conductivity Property ◽  
Electro Discharge Machining ◽  
Titania Slag ◽  
Granular Morphology ◽  
Lower Size ◽  
Multiphase Ceramics

Electroconductive TiN/O′-Sialon multiphase ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering from TiN/O′-Sialon powders as the chief raw material which were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction nitridation method using high titania slag, silicon fume and bauxite chalmette. Phase compositions and were analyzed. The effect of microstructure and TiO2content in initial raw materials on electrical conductivity were studied by SEM and TEM. The electro-discharge machining (EDM) of the materials was carried out. The results show that the sintered samples consist of O′-Sialon and TiN. O′-Sialon grains exhibit equiaxied morphology and the particle sizes are about 1-3μm. TiN grains exhibit fine granular morphology and most of grains have lower size than 0.5μm. The minimum amount of TiO2in initial raw materials is 25wt% for the formation of electroconductive network in the multiphase ceramics, of which the electrical resistivity is 1.8×10-2Ω·cm and meets the requirement of electrical discharge machining.

Characterization and Mechanical Properties of TiN/O′-Sialon Ceramics Prepared from High Titania Slag

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1353-1357
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Xiang Xin Xue ◽  
Pei Ning Duan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Densification Behavior ◽  
Flexure Strength ◽  
Titania Slag ◽  
Granular Morphology ◽  
Lower Size

TiN/O′-Sialon ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering using high titania slag, silicon fume and bauxite chalmette as the starting materials. Phase compositions and microstructure were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The effect of TiO2 content in the staring materials on densification behavior and mechanical properties was studied. The results showed that the sintered samples consisted of O′-Sialon and TiN. O′-Sialon exhibited equiaxied morphology and the particle sizes were about 1-3μm. TiN showed fine granular morphology and most of the particle have lower size than 0.5μm. For the samples sintered at 1500°C using raw materials containing 30wt%TiO2, bulk density, hardness and flexure strength are 3.1g/cm3, 9.2GPa and 169MPa, respectively.

Room-Temperature Electrical Conductivity Property of Si3N4/TiN Composite Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Hui Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Kang ◽  
Qing Lu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
Composite Ceramics ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Conductivity Property ◽  
Iron Ore Tailing

Room-temperature electrical conductivity property of Si3N4/TiN composite ceramics fabricated by Si3N4 powders from iron ore tailing and high titanium slag was investigated. Si3N4/TiN composite ceramics were machined by electrical discharge machining. The results show that the minimum amount of TiO2 in initial raw materials is about 20wt% for the formation of electroconductive network in the composites, of which the electric resistivity is 4.25×10-2•cm. The electric resistivity decreases slightly with increasing the sintering temperature. Surface roughness enhances significantly with the speed of the electrical discharge machining rising.

DETERMINATION OF PROPRIETIES OF RAW MATERIALS TESTING INTELLIGENT MACHINES

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
Elena Pop ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Intelligent Machines

In this piece of work I managed to determine the equation of electrical conductivity of copper wire according to the sulphur, tin and nickel within the raw material. I tested the validity of this equation by comparing the results with the values resulting from the chemical analysis of the already determined wire. Thus, this equation can be used in determining the conductivity of copper wire that is going to be achieved from the raw material (copper cathodes) whose chemical structure is already known.

Fabrication of Electroconductive Si3N4–TiN Ceramic from Iron Ore Tailing

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1067-1070
Author(s):  
Shu Hui Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Kang ◽  
Qing Lü ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xiao Jie Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Flexure Strength ◽  
Titanium Slag ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Iron Ore Tailing ◽  
Granular Morphology

Electroconductive Si3N4–TiN ceramic was fabricated by pressureless sintering from the chief materials containing high titanium slag and Si3N4powder synthesized by carbonthermal reduction nitridation method using iron ore tailing as raw materials. Phase constitutes and microstructure were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The densification, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Si3N4–TiN ceramic were also measured. Results show that the sintered samples mainly consist of Si3N4and TiN. Si3N4exhibits rod morphology and the grain sizes are about 1-3mm.TiN shows fine granular morphology with most of grain size being lower than 0.5mm. The electroconductive Si3N4–TiN ceramic has optimal properties when it is sintered at 1550°C for 2h using initial raw materials containing 20wt% TiO2. The sintered sample’s bulk density, hardness, flexure strength and room electrical resistivity are 2.79 g·cm-3, 8.23GPa, 66 MPa and 7.1×10-2W·cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Peat as a Raw Material for Plant Nutrients and Humic Substances

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6354
Author(s):  
Rasa Paleckiene ◽  
Raminta Navikaite ◽  
Rasa Slinksiene
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The ever-increasing intensity of agriculture is causing irreversible qualitative changes in the soil. Soil conservation and improvement is a priority of EU agro-environmental policy. However, this is also one of the most difficult challenges for agriculture. Various ways for sustainable agriculture have been proposed. One way to provide arable soil with humic substances is through the use of humic extracts. The aim of this work is to create a humic product for soil improvement from local raw materials, i.e., Lithuanian peat. Lithuanian peat samples from various peatlands with a different degree of humification were studied. The chemical composition of peat was determined using various methods (chemical analysis, AAS, XRD, SEM), and the optimal conditions for obtaining peat extracts were established. After examination of the chemical composition and properties of the peat extracts produced using 0.5 N KOH, it was determined that the sample with the highest degree of humification, (H8) Ezerelio JCS “Klasmann-Deilmann” (EKD), contained: 0.7% N; 0.1% P2O5; 25.87% humic acids and 0.76% fulvic acids. It had a density of 1015 kg·m−3, dynamic viscosity of 1.490 mPa·s, electrical conductivity of 33.3 mS·cm−1 and pH of 12.9.

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MASSES: IMPROVEMENT BY COMPLEX MATERIAL ACTIVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-351
Author(s):  
A. S. Mavlyanov ◽  
E. K. Sardarbekova
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Masses

Introduction. The objective of the research is to study the effect of the complex activation of the alumina raw material on the rheological properties of the ceramic mass. In addition, the authors investigate solutions for the application of optimal coagulation structures based on loams and ash together with plastic certificates.Materials and methods. The authors used the local forest like reserves of clay loams at the BashKarasu, ash fields of the Bishkek Central Heating Centre (BTEC) and plasticizer (sodium naphthenate obtained from alkaline chemical production wastes) as fibrous materials. Moreover, the authors defined technological properties of raw materials within standard laboratory methodology in accordance with current GOSTs.Results. The researchers tested plastic durability on variously prepared masses for the choice of optimal structures. The paper demonstrated the plastic durability of complexly activated compounds comparing with non-activated and mechanically activated compounds. The sensitivity coefficient increased the amount of clay loams by mechanically and complexly activated, which predetermined the possibility of intensifying the process of drying samples based on complexly activated masses.Discussion and conclusions. However, mechanical activation of clay material reduces the period of relaxation and increases the elasticity coefficient of ceramic masses by 1.8–3.4 times, meanwhile decreases elasticity, viscosity and the conventional power during molding, which generally worsens the molding properties of the masses. Сomplex activation of ash-clay material decreases the period of relaxation and provides an increase in elasticity, plasticity of ceramic masses by 46–47%, reduction in viscosity by 1.5–2 times, conventional power on molding by 37–122% in comparison with MA clay loams. Ceramic masses based on spacecraft alumina raw materials belong to the SMT with improved rheological properties; products based on them pass through the mouthpiece for 5–7 seconds.

ANALYSIS FOR POTENCY AND PRODUCTION OF GRANULE ORGANIC FERTILIZER BASED ON MANURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman L. Sahwan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Natural Organic Material ◽  
Very High

Organic materials that are generally used as raw material for organic fertilizer granules (POG) is a natural organic material that has been degrade, smooth and dry. One of the main raw materials are always used with a very high percentage of usage, is manure. Manure potential in Indonesia is very high, amounting to 113.6 million tons per year, or 64.7 million tons per year to the island of Java. From this amount, it will be generated numbers POG production potential of 17.5 million tons per year (total Indonesia) or 9.9 million tons per year for the island of Java. While the realistic POG production predictions figures made from raw manure is 2.5 million tons annually, a figure that has been unable to meet the number requirement of POG greater than 4 million tons per year. Therefore, in producing POG, it should be to maximize the using of the potential of other organic materials so that the use of manure can be saved. With the use of a small amount of manure (maximum 30% for cow manure), it would be useful also to avoid the production of POG with high Fe content.keywods: organic material, manure, granule organic fertilizer

Nutritional Value Research of Spelt Pasta with Vegetable Additives

Food Industry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Oliya Fazullina ◽  
Stanislav Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Physiologically Active Substances ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Health indicators of the population depend significantly on the food quality and nutritional value. Simple carbohydrates excess of and lack of protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and other physiologically active substances increase the risk of socially significant disease progress. The development and production of mass-consumed products with high nutritional and biological value, including affordable non-traditional raw materials use, are promising areas of the food industry development aimed at improving the nutritional status of the population. The article presents the research results on the developed Noodle products recipes from non-traditional raw materials that meet modern healthy nutrition requirements, intended for dietary treatment and dietary prevention of people with overweight / obesity. The research aimed at expanding the range of macaroni products with these characteristics. As the main raw material, a man selected whole-wheat flour – new spelt flour, and as additional raw materials – buckwheat flour, broccoli and celery powders. The researchers found that the introduction of macaroni products from buckwheat spelt, broccoli and celery powders into the recipe had a multidirectional effect, reducing or increasing various indicators of its nutritional value. The changes range did not affect the overall characteristics. The satisfaction degree of the average daily need for food substances and energy when consuming a portion of 100 g for each sample of developed Noodle products allows them to be classified as functional products that are protein and dietary fiber sources, according to the requirements of the TR CU 022/2011.

UNIDO, Industrial Processing of Natural Resources. New York: United Nations. 1981. viii + 78pp.US $ 5.00. [United Nations Publication Sales No. E. 81. 11 . B.1]

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Rashid Aziz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Manufactured Exports ◽  
Year 2000

The book under review is a concise but fairly in-depth study of the prospects for export diversification from the Less Developed Countries (henceforth labeled as LDCs) particularly to Developed Countries (henceforth labeled as OCs). Given the multiple problems faced by the LOCs in exporting to the OCs - protectionist policies with regards to manufactured exports, volatility of prices obtained for raw material exports, etc. - the study analyses the potential for following an intermediate route. The important issues in the export of semi -processed and wholly processed raw materials are discussed. 111ese issues range from the problems and potentials for the location of processing facilities in the LOCs to the formulation of appropriate policies to encourage an export of processed goods rather than raw materials. Such policies will be useful both in solving the balance of-payments problems of the LDCs and in attaining the goal of the Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Co-operation, that called for 2S percent of world industrial production to be located in the LOCs by the year 2000.

PENGARUH HARGA DAN PEMAKAIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP VOLUME PRODUKSI PADA PT. KELOLA MINA LAUT DI GRESIK

MANAJERIAL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
BAYU YRI WIDHARTO
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
T Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
F Test ◽  
Material Price

The purpose of the research was to know the affect of many factors which affected to the production volume in PT. Kelola Mina Laut Gresik. What the price of raw materials was and the used of raw materials partially and simultan eously affected on the production volume. The analysis tool which used was a model of multiple linear regression. Hypothesis testing used t test and F test, both at the significant level 5%. Based of the analysis of research on PT Kelola Mina Laut Gresik. Partially, inventory raw material price had not significant effect on the production volume, consumption of raw material inventory affected significantly of the production volume. Inventory of raw material price and the use of raw material simultan eously affect significantly to the production volume.

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