The Type of Roofs in Environmental Conditions with Different Shape and Suggested Suitable Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golzar Younesi ◽  
Sahereh Mehrabian ◽  
Farzan Rasoulzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
Main Function ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used

Roofs from the fifth skin of buildings and define the character of the architecture. Their main function is sometimes to provide protection against the sun and wind, and sometimes to channel, collect and store rain water. Each climate required a different type of roof to its specific need protection of human life. The choice of one type of roof another depends fundamentally on the client brief, on the implications of the environment, on the climatic conditions and on the resources available or current technology. For a roof with certain quality characteristics there may be different technological and budgetary solutions. The roof must be conceived constructively, rationalized and adapted to the variable conditions of its environment. In this paper, we review the different types of roof, the materials used and their auxiliary elements.

scholarly journals DESIGN OF SPECIALIZED SURGICAL SCREW INSERTED IN PLATE TYPE CERVICAL IMPLANT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Krasimira Dimova ◽  
Georgi Todorov ◽  
Yavor Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Virtual Tools ◽  
Injured Area ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Plate Type

In the field of Implantology the screws are an important part because they transfer the loads that occur in the bones. Surgical screws are similar to those in Mechanical Engineering, but the materials should have specific characteristics like biocompatibility, strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. The main function of the surgical screw is to create pressure between two bones which is necessary in order to heal the injured bones. The surgical screw transforms all forces of the movements to pressure and distributes the pressure on the bone’s surfaces. Surgical screws can help in the setting of implants into an injured area. It also ensures static position of the injured bones. The research aims to analyse how the surgical screw type affects the bone of the patient with the help of the Finite Elements Method (FEM). Based on the results from the analysis of the surgical screw a new specialized surgical screw was designed with complex geometry to withstand the occurring loads and also be able to transfer them to the bone tissue. In additional, a comparison analysis between two different types of surgical screws was conducted. This paper shows how a surgical screw could be optimized in order to improve its function with the help of virtual tools. Finally, the materials used are biocompatible and often used for such screws and surgical implant analysis, the challenge was to recreate the bone tissue properties and to used them in the FEM analysis.

scholarly journals Using niche models of indicator species to predict the distribution of xerophytic shrub dune communities

Web Ecology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Chefaoui ◽  
S. Chozas ◽  
O. Correia ◽  
A. M. C. Santos ◽  
J. Hortal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Characteristic Species ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dune Plant ◽  
Threatened Habitat ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Dune plant assemblages are affected by severe conditions, which makes them excellent models for studying the effects of species interactions and environmental conditions on community structure. We evaluate the relationship between the structure of dune communities, local environmental conditions and the suitability of climatic conditions for their characteristic species. Using data from an extensive survey of xerophytic inland sand dune scrub communities from Portugal – one of the most threatened habitat types of Europe – we identify the main gradients of vegetation composition, the different types of communities and their indicator shrub species. Then, we model the geographical responses of these species to the environment. Soil organic matter, isothermality and the habitat suitability for Stauracanthus genistoides defined the distribution of three shrub communities in the study area.

scholarly journals Study of Air Movement and Temperature Distribution in a Greenhouse Used as a Dryer

2020 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 01046
Author(s):  
Soumaïla TIGAMPO ◽  
Vincent SAMBOU ◽  
Younouss DIEYE ◽  
Pape Moussa TOURE ◽  
Séckou BODIAN
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Greenhouse Climate ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
And Control

Sun-drying is the oldest way to preserve, store and also to enhance the value of our agricultural production. Nowadays, several types of dryers have been developed but the greenhouse is an ideal solution for drying in our tropical countries because the sun is abundant. But the control of the greenhouse climate depends on several factors, namely the external climatic conditions but also the type of materials used in the greenhouse. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, tested under the climatic conditions of Dakar. It is in this context of sustainable development that this work, whose objective is to contribute to the improvement of drying conditions for agricultural products, is carried out and to achieve this, the distribution of temperatures and speeds in the greenhouse must be determined. For the three-dimensional CFD simulation, we added a discrete radiation model to solve the radiation transfer equation and the Solar Load Model which gives the position of the sun and its radiation. The simulated air temperatures give an average of 52.8°C with average air velocities that are around 0.114 m/s in the closed greenhouse and the results found can be used to improve the design and control of the greenhouse climate.

Arrangement of Archives of Cloud Computing Based and Utilization of Microsoft Access

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Lusy Tunik Muharlisiani ◽  
Henny Sukrisno ◽  
Emmy Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Shofiya Syidada ◽  
Dina Chamidah
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Administrative Management ◽  
Microsoft Access

Service at the “Kelurahan” is a very important part in determining the success of development, especially in public service. The problem faced is the lack of skill level of the “Kelurahan” apparatus with the more dynamic demands of the community and the archive management system is still conventional and manual that is writing the identity of the archive into the book agenda, expedition, control card, and borrowed archive card, so it takes a more practical electronic system, effective and efficient so required to develop themselves in order to improve public services. Conventional administration and archive management must be transformed into cloud-based computing (digital), for which archiving managers should always be responsive and follow these developments and wherever possible in order to utilize for archival activities, with greater access expected archives are evidence at once able to talk about historical facts and events and be able to give meaning and benefit to human life, so archives that were only visible and readable at archival centers can now be accessed online, and even their services have led to automated service systems. Using Microsoft Access which its main function is to handle the process of data manipulation and manufacture of a system, this system is built so that the bias runs on Cloud which means Cloud itself is a paradigm in which information is permanently stored on servers on the internet and stored. The purpose of this program is the implementation of administrative management that has been based cloud computing (digital) and is expected to be a solution in managing the archive so that if it has been designed and programmed, it can be stored in the computer and benefi- cial to the “Kelurahan” apparatus and add in the field of management archives in the form of improving the quality of service to the community, can facilitate and scientific publications.

scholarly journals Biopolymeric Materials Used as Nonviral Vectors: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Jailson de Araújo Santos ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Liarte ◽  
Alessandra Braga Ribeiro ◽  
Marcia dos Santos Rizzo ◽  
Marcília Pinheiro da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Nonviral Vectors ◽  
Cationic Polymers ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used

Bacterial transformation and gene transfection can be understood as being the results of introducing specific genetic material into cells, resulting in gene expression, and adding a new genetic trait to the host cell. Many studies have been carried out to investigate different types of lipids and cationic polymers as promising nonviral vectors for DNA transfer. The present study aimed to carry out a systematic review on the use of biopolymeric materials as nonviral vectors. The methodology was carried out based on searches of scientific articles and applications for patents published or deposited from 2006 to 2020 in different databases for patents (EPO, USPTO, and INPI) and articles (Scopus, Web of Science, and Scielo). The results showed that there are some deposits of patents regarding the use of chitosan as a gene carrier. The 16 analyzed articles allowed us to infer that the use of biopolymers as nonviral vectors is limited due to the low diversity of biopolymers used for these purposes. It was also observed that the use of different materials as nonviral vectors is based on chemical structure modifications of the material, mainly by the addition of cationic groups. Thus, the use of biopolymers as nonviral vectors is still limited to only a few polysaccharide types, emphasizing the need for further studies involving the use of different biopolymers in processes of gene transfer.

scholarly journals Reproductive traits and floral visitors of Aechmea distichantha plants growing in different habitats of a South American xerophytic forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo M. Freire ◽  
Ignacio M. Barberis ◽  
José L. Vesprini
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
South American ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Carpenter Bee ◽  
Carpenter Bees ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Floral Visitors ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Aechmea distichantha, a widely-distributed facultative epiphytic bromeliad species, is present from rainforests to xerophytic forests. At its southernmost distribution (Humid Chaco) it grows in the understory and forest edges. This animal-pollinated bromeliad shows high phenotypic plasticity on its vegetative traits, but there is no information about plasticity on its reproductive traits. Infructescences from shade plants were heavier, had longer rachis, more spikelets, higher number of fruits/spikelet and higher number of seeds/fruit than those from sun plants, but they presented similar number of open flowers. The number of visitation events was similar in both habitats, but more flowers were visited in the sun than in the shade. Flowers were visited by seven species (six insects and one hummingbird). In the sun, the carpenter bee was the most frequent visitor and visited almost all flowers, whereas in the shade different species of visitors attained similar proportion of visits and number of visited flowers. Despite visitation events were similar in both habitats, plants growing in the shade set more seeds/fruit than plants growing in the sun. The higher proportion of visits accomplished by carpenter bees compared to hummingbirds is probably a consequence of the climatic conditions in the austral location of these populations.

The Era of Environmental Derangement: Witnessing Climate Crisis in Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nupur Pancholi ◽  
◽  
Sanjit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
Human Interventions ◽  
Human World ◽  
Climate Crisis

Drawing on Amitav Ghosh’s novel Gun Island (2019) together with his nonfictional The Great Derangement (2016), the article strives to present that while advancing endless desires, human-centric culture and the idea of ‘good life’ drive climate change and environmental deterioration. It seeks to enumerate the devastating consequences of changing climatic conditions and degenerating ecosystems and their cumulative impacts on the humankind and non-human world. It aims to locate how human life at the margins has been affected by these cataclysmic consequences through analysing Ghosh’s Gun Island. It attempts to show that human interventions had significantly fuelled the global climate crisis in the seventeenth century, decoding the myth of Bonduki Sadagar that Ghosh identifies in Gun Island.

Endless skies and open seas – how birds and fish navigate

Neuroforum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Spiecker ◽  
Bo Leberecht ◽  
Corinna Langebrake ◽  
Malien Laurien ◽  
Shambhavi Rajendra Apte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Seasonal Migrations ◽  
Research Questions

Abstract Every year, billions of animals leave their home range and start seasonal migrations in order to find more favorable resources and to escape harsh environmental conditions. These round trips often span thousands of kilometers. To successfully navigate along their route, animals rely on various external references. While landmarks and celestial cues like stars or the sun are easy to imagine as guidance on these journeys, using the geomagnetic field for orientation is more elusive. The geomagnetic field is an omnipresent cue, which can be sensed and relied upon by many animals, even when visual cues are sparse. How magnetic fields can be perceived seems to vary between birds and fish. While birds seem to use a mechanism based on the quantum mechanical properties of electron spins, fish may have evolved a compass similar in its function to the technical devises developed by humans. How these mechanisms work precisely and how they are integrated are research questions addressed in SFB 1372.

scholarly journals Germination Ecology of Catchfly (Silene conoidea) Seeds of Different Colors

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. TANVEER ◽  
M.M. JAVAID ◽  
R.N. ABBAS ◽  
H.H. ALI ◽  
M.Q. NAZIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Seed Polymorphism ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Annual Herb

ABSTRACT Catchfly (Silene conoidea), an annual herb, is usually recognized as an emerging weed species in Eurasia and North America. The presence of somatic seed polymorphism might aid in the adaptation of this weed in different climatic conditions. We conducted laboratory and greenhouse experiments to study the seed polymorphism and influence of various environmental factors like temperature, salt stress, osmotic stress and burial depth on the germination and emergence characteristics of catchfly. Optimum germination of seeds of all colors was recorded at a temperature of 15 oC. Germination of catchfly seeds of all colors followed decreasing trend as NaCl concentration increased from 50 mM to 200 mM. Seed germination was maximum (87-96%) at 0 MPa but gradually decreased to 40% as osmotic stress increases up to -0.4 MPa and completely inhibited at 0.6 MPa of all seed colors. A slight increase (from 60 to 95%) in the germination of seeds of black and dark brown colors was observed when seeding depth increased from 0 to 2 cm but decreased when seeding depth increased from 2 to 4 cm in seeds of all colors. There was no emergence of catchfly at seeding depth of 6 cm or greater. Our results concluded that catchfly seeds have the potential to germinate and emerge in various environmental conditions, but germination/emergence percentage of seeds of all colors will be different in different environmental conditions. Soil amendments including deep ploughing may aid for the successful management of this weed in cultivated areas.

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