Corrosion Behavior of X52 Steel in High Pressure CO2 Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Hafiz Mustafa ◽  
Bamban Ariwahjoedi ◽  
M.C. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Co2 Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
High Pressure Co2 ◽  
X52 Steel ◽  
Co2 Environment

Research in high pressure CO2 environment is important in oil and gas industry due to potential development of high pressure CO2 gas fields. Current understanding limits the use of carbon steel pipeline material in this high pressure CO2 environment due to excessive corrosion rates predicted by corrosion prediction software. The aim of this work is to elucidate the corrosion behavior of X52 steel in high pressure CO2 environment. Electrochemical methods of linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques were employed to study the CO2 corrosion mechanism at high pressures of 10-60 bar at ambient temperature. Surface morphology and chemical composition of corrosion film was studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results obtained showed that the corrosion rates at high pressures were significantly influenced by CO2 pressure. However FeCO3 and F3C were the main component of the corrosion product film.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Investigation of Corrosion of X80 Steel under Elastic and Plastic Tensile Stress in CO2 Environment

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wu ◽  
Hailong Yin ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Jia Kang ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Co2 Corrosion ◽  
X80 Pipeline Steel ◽  
X80 Steel ◽  
Co2 Environment

An investigation into the electrochemical corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel under different elastic and plastic tensile stress in a CO2-saturated NaCl solution has been carried out by using open-circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and surface analysis techniques. The results show that the corrosion rate of X80 steel first increases and then slightly decreases with the increase of elastic tensile stress, whereas the corrosion rate sharply increases with the increase of plastic tensile stress. Both elastic and plastic tensile stress can enhance steel corrosion by improving the electrochemical activity of both anodic and cathodic reactions. Moreover, compared with elastic tensile stress, plastic tensile stress has a more significant effect. Furthermore, electrochemical reactions for CO2 corrosion and mechanoelectrochemical effect are used to reasonably explain the corrosion behavior of stressed X80 steel in CO2 environment.

scholarly journals Annealing of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy at High Pressures: Evolution of Microstructure and the Corrosion Behavior

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2076
Author(s):  
Chuanjun Suo ◽  
Pan Ma ◽  
Yandong Jia ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Xuerong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Extrusion Direction ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Cu Alloy ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Annealing Pressure ◽  
Corrosion Pits ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

Extruded Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy samples with grains aligned parallel to the extrusion direction were subjected to high-pressure annealing. The effects of annealing pressure on the microstructure, hardness, and corrosion properties (evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) were investigated. Phase analysis showed the presence of MgZn2 and α-Al phases, the MgZn2 phase dissolved into the matrix, and its amount decreased with the increasing annealing pressure. The recrystallization was inhibited, and the grains were refined, leading to an increase in the Vickers hardness with increasing the annealing pressure. The corrosion resistance was improved after high-pressure treatment, and a stable passivation layer was observed. Meanwhile, the number of corrosion pits and the width of corrosion cracks decreased in the high-pressure annealed samples.

scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Al in Ethanol–Gasoline Blends

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5544
Author(s):  
Alfredo Brito-Franco ◽  
Jorge Uruchurtu ◽  
Isai Rosales-Cadena ◽  
Roy Lopez-Sesenes ◽  
Sergio Alonso Serna-Barquera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Electrochemical Noise ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The corrosion behavior of pure aluminum (Al) in 20 v/v% ethanol–gasoline blends has been studied using electrochemical techniques. Ethanol was obtained from different fruits including sugar cane, oranges, apples, or mangos, whereas other techniques included lineal polarization resistance, electrochemical noise, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for 90 days. Results have shown that corrosion rates for Al in all the blends were higher than that obtained in gasoline. In addition, the highest corrosion rate was obtained in the blend containing ethanol obtained from sugar cane. The corrosion process was under charge transfer control in all blends; however, for some exposure times, it was under the adsorption/desorption control of an intermediate compound. Al was susceptible to a localized, plotting type of corrosion in all blends, but they were bigger in size and in number in the blend containing ethanol obtained from sugar cane.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Behavior of Conventional and Rheo-High-Pressure Die Cast Low Silicon Aluminum Alloys in NaCl Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3254 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1339-1353
Author(s):  
Maryam Eslami ◽  
Flavio Deflorian ◽  
Caterina Zanella
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Die Cast ◽  
Polarization Test

The electrochemical behavior of a low silicon aluminum alloy cast by the conventional and rheo-high-pressure die cast processes is evaluated using polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 0.01 M, 0.05 M, 0.1 M, and 0.6 M sodium chloride solutions. Compared to the conventional high-pressure die cast process, rheocasting introduces some alterations in the microstructure including the presence of aluminum grains with different sizes, formed at different solidification stages. According to the results of the anodic polarization test, conventional cast and rheocast samples show similar breakdown potentials. However, the rheocast samples present enhanced oxygen reduction kinetics compared to the conventional cast sample. Based on scanning electron microscopy examinations, localized microgalvanic corrosion is the main corrosion mechanism for both alloys and it initiates at the interface of aluminum with iron-rich intermetallic particles which are located inside the eutectic regions. The corrosion further develops into the eutectic area. Although the rate of the cathodic reaction can be influenced by the semisolid microstructure, according to the results of anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests, the corrosion behavior is not meaningfully affected by the casting process.

Comparative Study of the Corrosion Behavior of Low-Nickel AISI 202 and Conventional AISI 304 Stainless Steels in Citric Acid Using Electrochemical Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Mulimbayan ◽  
Manolo G. Mena
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Corrosion Mechanism ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Aisi 304

Stainless steel (SS) is one of the most commonly used metallic food contact materials. It may be classified based on its microstructure whether ferritic, austenitic, martensitic, duplex or precipitation hardened. Austenitic SS, among mentioned grades, has the largest contribution to market due to its numerous industrial and domestic applications. In this study, the corrosion behavior of AISI 202 SS – a cheaper grade of stainless steel, in three different solution temperatures of citric acid was investigated using different electrochemical techniques such as open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results were compared to that obtained from conventional AISI 304 SS. OCP, polarization and impedance measurements agreed that AISI 202 SS has comparable resistance to that of AISI 304 SS in citric acid at ambient temperature and at 50 °C. At 70 °C, results of OCP measurements suggest that AISI 304 SS exhibited greater performance as indicated by more positive OCP values in the designated solution. EIS results indicate that the two alloys have identical corrosion resistance even at 70 °C as indicated by their comparable polarization resistance (Rp). The corrosion mechanism in both alloys is charge-transfer controlled as indicated by depressed semi-circular appearance of the generated Nyquist plots. The values of corrosion current densities (icorr) extracted from polarization curves indicate that the initial corrosion rates were higher in AISI 304 than AISI 202 SS suggesting that formation of more protective film may have occurred on the former alloy.

Electrochemical Study of Diffusion Bonded Joints between Micro-Duplex Stainless Steel and Ti6Al4V Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 2250-2259
Author(s):  
S.M. Bhola ◽  
S. Kundu ◽  
Brajendra Mishra ◽  
Subrata Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Uniaxial Pressure ◽  
Equilibrium Potential ◽  
Scattered Electron ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Bonded Interface

In the present study, corrosion behavior of a diffusion bonded interface formed between micro-duplex stainless steel (MDSS) and a mixed titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) formed at 900°C for 60 minutes under 4MPa uniaxial pressure in vacuum has been investigated in 1M HCl and 1 M NaOH solutions using various electrochemical measurements such as Equilibrium Potential (EP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Potentiodynamic Polarization (PD). For comparison, corrosion behavior of base metal alloys, MDSS and Ti6Al4V have also been also characterized. Bonded interface has been characterized in light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using back scattered electron. The layer wise σ phase and λ+FeTi phase mixture has been observed at the bond interface and the bond tensile strength and shear strength were ~556.4MPa and ~420.2MPa, respectively. The corrosion rates of the bonded joint are intermediate to the corrosion rates of MDSS and Ti6Al4V alloy.

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