Research on the Layered Microstructure of Shankbone

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xin Yan Wu ◽  
Xiang He Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Analytical Result ◽  
Parallel Distribution

Bone is a kind of biomaterial in nature. It behaves favorable strength, stiffness and fracture toughness which are closely related to its fine microstructure. SEM observation on a shankbone shows that the bone is a kind of natural bioceramic composite consisted of hydroxyapatite layers and collagen matrix. The observation also shows that the hydroxyapatite layers consist of many hydroxyapatite sheets and are arranged in a parallel distribution. The fracture toughness of the bone is analyzed based on the representative model of the microstructure of the bone and the idea of maximum pullout force. The analytical result shows that the long and thin shape as well as the parallel distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets improves the maximum pullout force of the sheets and the fracture toughness of the bone.

Hydroxyapatite-Sheet Microstructure of Shinbone

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 441-444
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Shi Tao Sun ◽  
Xiang He Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Analytical Result ◽  
Parallel Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bone is a kind of biomaterial in nature. It behaves favorable strength, stiffness and fracture toughness which are closely related to its fine microstructures. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation on a shinbone shows that the bone is a kind of natural bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite layers and collagen matrix. The hydroxyapatite layers are arranged in a parallel distribution and consist of many hydroxyapatite sheets. The fracture toughness of the bone was analyzed based on the representative model of the microstructure in the bone and the idea of maximum pullout energy. The analytical result shows that the long and thin shape as well as the parallel distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets increase the maximum pullout energy of the sheets and enhance the fracture toughness of the bone.

Enhanced Mechanism of Fracture Toughness in Cannon Bone

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 1651-1653
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
X. Peng ◽  
S. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Parallel Distribution

As a typical biological material, bone possesses high fracture strength and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its exquisite microstructure. SEM observation of a cannon bone shows that the bone is a kind of layered bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite sheets and collagen matrix. The hydroxyapatite sheets are of long and thin shape, distributing in parallel. The fracture toughness of the bone is analyzed with the representative model of the hydroxyapatite sheets and the concept of maximum pullout energy. It is shown that the lathy shape as well as the parallel distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets increases the pullout energy and endows the bone with high fracture toughness.

Research of the Herringbone Microstructure of Rufescens’s Shell

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 905-908
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Jing Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Representative Model

Molluscan shell is strong, stiff, tough and shows an erose fracture surface when it is broken. In this research, the SEM observation on a Rufescens’s shell shows that the shell consists of aragonite layers and collagen matrix. Each aragonite layer is parallel to the surface of the shell and consists of many thin aragonite sheets. These aragonite sheets are perpendicular to the layer where they are located. The observation also shows that the direction of the sheets in different layer is various and a kind of herringbone distribution is found. The maximum pullout force of the herringbone distribution is analyzed based on its representative model, and it shows that the herringbone distribution can markedly increase the pullout force of the distribution and improve the fracture toughness of the shell.

Research on the Curving Aragonite Sheets in Clam’s Shell

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 475-478
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Shi Tao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Clam Shell ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Molluscan Shell ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Analytical Result

Molluscan shell possesses excellent strength, stiffness and fracture toughness that are closely related to its exquisite microstructure. SEM observation of a clam’ shell showed that the shell is a kind of bioceramic composite consisting of aragonite and protein layers parallel with the surface of the shell. The observation also showed that the aragonite layers are composed of long and thin aragonite sheets. Many aragonite sheets are of curving shape at the center of the shell. The higher fracture toughness of the shell was analyzed based on the representative model of the curving aragonite sheets and the concept of the maximum pullout force that is related to the fracture toughness of the shell. The analytical result showed that the maximum pullout force of the curving aragonite sheet is larger than that of straight aragonite sheets, which may effectively enhance the fracture toughness of the shell.

Toughness Analysis of Cannon Bone Based on Microstructural Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1066-1069
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Shi Tao Sun ◽  
Xiang He Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Microstructural Model ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Parallel Distribution

As a typical biological material, bone possesses high fracture strength and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its exquisite microstructure. SEM observation of a cannon bone shows that the bone is a kind of layered bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite sheets and collagen matrix. The hydroxyapatite sheets are of long and thin shape, distributing in parallel. The fracture toughness of the bone is analyzed with the representative model of the hydroxyapatite sheets and the concept of maximum pullout energy. It is shown that the lathy shape as well as the parallel distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets increases the pullout energy and endows the bone with high fracture toughness.

Microstructure and Toughness Mechanism of Tooth

2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 567-570
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Ji Luo ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Jing Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Collagen Protein ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Toughness Mechanism ◽  
Parallel Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tooth is a kind of biomaterial in nature. It behaves favorable strength, stiffness and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its fine microstructure. The observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) on a mature tooth shows that the tooth is a kind of natural bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite layers and collagen protein matrix. The observation also shows that the hydroxyapatite layers consist of long and thin hydroxyapatite sheets and that all the hydroxyapatite sheets are arranged in a kind of parallel distribution. The maximum pullout energy of the hydroxyapatite sheets, which is closely related to the fracture toughness of the tooth, is investigated based on the representative model of the parallel distribution. It shows that the long and thin shape as well as the parallel distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets increase the maximum pullout energy and enhance the fracture toughness of the tooth.

Lambdoidal Layup of Aragonite Sheets in Conch Shell

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 2532-2535
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Xin Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Conch Shell

The SEM observation on a conch’s shell shows that the shell is a kind of laminated bioceramic composite composed of aragonite layers and organic matrix. Each aragonite layer is parallel with the surface of the shell and consists of many thin aragonite sheets. These aragonite sheets are perpendicular to the layer where they are located. The observation also shows that the orientations of the sheets in different layers are different and these aragonite sheets compose various layups. A kind of lambdoidal layup is found. The maximum pullout force of the lambdoidal layup is analyzed based on its representative model. The result shows that the lambdoidal layup can markedly increase the pullout force of the layup and improve the fracture toughness of the shell.

RESEARCH ON THE NANOMETER DENDRITIC FIBERS IN DORBEETLE CUTICLE

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 573-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN CHEN ◽  
XIANG-HE PENG ◽  
JING-HONG FAN ◽  
WAN-LU WANG
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Sem Observation ◽  
Representative Model

The SEM observation on the cuticle of dorbeetle shows that the cuticle is composed of chitin fibers and protein matrix. The diameter of chitin fibers is from several to several-hundred nanometers. The observation also shows that there is a kind of dendritic fiber in the cuticle. The maximum pullout force of the dendritic fiber is analyzed based on its representative model. The analysis shows that the dendritic fibers can markedly increase the pullout force of the fibers and improve the fracture toughness of the cuticle.

Correlation between Microstructure and Toughness of Crab Carapace

2011 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Da Gang Yin ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Jing Hong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
Protein Matrix ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Collagen Protein ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Representative Model ◽  
Parallel Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Crab carapace is a kind of biomaterial in nature. It behaves favorable strength, stiffness and fracture toughness, which are closely related to its fine microstructure. The observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) on the carapace of a Cyclodorippoidea crab shows that the carapace is a kind of natural bioceramic composite consisting of calcite crystal layers and collagen protein matrix. The observation also shows that the calcite crystal layers consist further of long and thin calcite crystal sheets and that all the calcite crystal sheets are arranged in a kind of parallel distribution. The maximum pullout energy of the calcite crystal sheets, which is closely related to the fracture toughness of the carapace, is investigated based on the representative model of the parallel distribution. It shows that the long and thin shape as well as the parallel distribution of the calcite crystal sheets enhance the maximum pullout energy and ensure the high fracture toughness of the carapace.

Sheet-Layer Microstructure and Toughness Mechanism of Shinbone

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 1129-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Xiang He Peng ◽  
Xin Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
Representational Model ◽  
Natural Biomaterial ◽  
Toughness Mechanism ◽  
Parallel Distribution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Most structural materials existing in nature take the form of composite. After centuries’ evolution, these materials gain highly optimized microstructures and performances. In this work, a kind of natural biomaterial, shinbone, is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The observation result shows that the bone is a bioceramic composite consisting of hydroxyapatite layers and collagen matrix. The observation also shows that the hydroxyapatite layers are composed of hydroxyapatite sheets. The hydroxyapatite sheets are of thin and long shape and parallel distribution along the orientation of the maximum main stress of the bone. The shape and distribution of the hydroxyapatite sheets may endow the bone with favorable fracture toughness, which is analyzed and illuminated based a representational model of the hydroxyapatite sheets and the idea of maximum pullout force.

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