Electrophoretic Deposition Performance of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Implant Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Nuzul Ficky Nuswantoro ◽  
Dian Juliadmi ◽  
Hidayatul Fajri ◽  
Menkher Manjas ◽  
Netti Suharti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Coating Time

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is potentially used as a coating material for titanium alloys to improve their bioactivity and then enhancing the osseointegration characteristic of metal implants for orthopedic application. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD), one of the coating methods that is widely applied for coating metal because of its simplicity and relatively low cost, is chosen for coating metal implants. HA coating layer quality can be controlled by adjusting applied voltages and coating time of the EPD process. However, the optimum voltage and exposing time has not yet been known for new type titanium implant such as Ti-12Cr and TNTZ. This work is, therefore, focusing on the effect of applied voltage and coating time on the mass growth, HA coating thickness, and surface coverage that can be produced on the surfaces of both alloys, and also on the conventional titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V, for comparison. The result of this work showed that there is a significant influence of the titanium alloy type on the HA layer performances. However, it is necessary to choose a suitable voltage and to expose time for producing a sufficient coating layer that meets the standard of orthopedic implants.

scholarly journals A Review on Diffusion Bonding between Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steels

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-feng Mo ◽  
Ting-feng Song ◽  
Yong-jian Fang ◽  
Xiao-song Jiang ◽  
Charles Q. Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Diffusion Bonding ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Voids Growth

High-quality joints between titanium alloys and stainless steels have found applications for nuclear, petrochemical, cryogenic, and aerospace industries due to their relatively low cost, lightweight, high corrosion resistance, and appreciable mechanical properties. This article reviews diffusion bonding between titanium alloys and stainless steels with or without interlayers. For diffusion bonding of a titanium alloy and a stainless steel without an interlayer, the optimized temperature is in the range of 800–950°C for a period of 60–120 min. Sound joint can be obtained, but brittle FeTi and Fe-Cr-Ti phases are formed at the interface. The development process of a joint mainly includes three steps: matching surface closure, growth of brittle intermetallic compounds, and formation of the Kirkendall voids. Growth kinetics of interfacial phases needs further clarification in terms of growth velocity of the reacting layer, moving speed of the phase interface, and the order for a new phase appears. The influence of Cu, Ni (or nickel alloy), and Ag interlayers on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints is systematically summarized. The content of FeTi and Fe-Cr-Ti phases at the interface can be declined significantly by the addition of an interlayer. Application of multi-interlayer well prevents the formation of intermetallic phases by forming solid solution at the interface, and parameters can be predicted by using a parabolic diffusion law. The selection of multi-interlayer was done based on two principles: no formation of brittle intermetallic phases and transitional physical properties between titanium alloy and stainless steel.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Strategies for Titanium Implant Polymeric Coatings: The Why and How

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Cometa ◽  
Maria Addolorata Bonifacio ◽  
Monica Mattioli-Belmonte ◽  
Luigia Sabbatini ◽  
Elvira De Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Polymeric Coatings ◽  
Biological Compatibility ◽  
Cell Coating ◽  
Infection Processes ◽  
The Ideal

Among the several strategies aimed at polymeric coatings deposition on titanium (Ti) and its alloys, metals commonly used in orthopaedic and orthodontic prosthesis, electrochemical approaches have gained growing interest, thanks to their high versatility. In this review, we will present two main electrochemical procedures to obtain stable, low cost and reliable polymeric coatings: electrochemical polymerization and electrophoretic deposition. Distinction should be made between bioinert films—having mainly the purpose of hindering corrosive processes of the underlying metal—and bioactive films—capable of improving biological compatibility, avoiding inflammation or implant-associated infection processes, and so forth. However, very often, these two objectives have been pursued and achieved contemporaneously. Indeed, the ideal coating is a system in which anti-corrosion, anti-infection and osseointegration can be obtained simultaneously. The ultimate goal of all these coatings is the better control of properties and processes occurring at the titanium interface, with a special emphasis on the cell-coating interactions. Finally, advantages and drawbacks of these electrochemical strategies have been highlighted in the concluding remarks.

scholarly journals Dip-Coating of Calcium Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Alloy (ti-6ai-4v) and Stainless Steel (316L) Substrates

1999 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mavis ◽  
A. C. Tas
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Calcium Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Orthopaedic Implants ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Sample Characterization

AbstractTitanium alloy (Ti-6AI-4V) and stainless steel (316L) are two of the most commonly used materials in the manufacture of orthopaedic implants. To achieve better biocompatibility with bone, metal implants made of 316L or Ti-6Al-4V are often coated with calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics. This paper is to describe a new dipping solution recipe used for HA coating. Sample characterization was performed by SEM and XRD.

Development of Hydroxyapatite Thin Film on Titanium Substrate by Electrophoretic Deposition

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Kuk You ◽  
Xian Wei Meng ◽  
Tae Yub Kwon ◽  
Yu Zhong Yang ◽  
J.L. Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Powder Concentration ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Nano Size

Electrophoretic deposition was used for HA coating on dental implants with different coating thickness. The HA coating thickness was examined in terms of applied voltage and time, and powder concentration in suspension. Nano-size HA and SiO2-CaO-P2O5-B2O3 bioglass powders were synthesized by sol-gel method. Polyvinyl alcohol (3 wt%) as a binder was resolved in ethyl alcohol, then, nano HA powder was dispersed ultrasonically in the mixture for 15 min and pH was adjusted with HNO3 for positive charging on particle. Titanium substrate was held on cathode and counter electrode was platinum. HA with 0.5 % and 0.03 % of powder concentration was deposited electrophoretically at 10~20 V for 1~20 minutes. The thickness of as-deposited HA layer decreased from nearly 80 µm (0.5 %, 20 V, 10 min) to 4~5 µm (0.03%, 10V, 1 min) as powder concentration, applied voltage and time decreased, respectively. The surface of HA coating layer deposited in lower powder concentration showed much more homogeneous and relatively dense morphology, in contrast, the surface in thick suspension became rough or porous and was easily spalled. In a co-deposition of HA and bioglass, co-deposited glass played an important role in increasing bonding strength between coating layer and substrate. It is believed that electrophoretic deposition method can be one of alternatives for relatively thin and easy HA coating.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Deposition of Antibacterial Ion-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Coatings onto 316L Stainless Steel for Biomedical and Dental Applications

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Abdul Samad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Awais
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Ha Coating ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Coatings ◽  
Dental Applications

Substitutions of ions into an apatitic lattice may result in antibacterial properties. In this study, magnesium (Mg)-, zinc (Zn)-, and silicon (Si)-substituted hydroxyapatite (HA) were synthesized using a microwave irradiation technique. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was added during the synthesis of the substituted HA as a binding agent. The synthesized Mg-, Zn-, and Si-substituted HAs were then coated onto a 316L-grade stainless-steel substrate using low-cost electrophoretic deposition (EPD), thereby avoiding exposure to high temperatures. The deposited layer thickness was measured and the structural, phase and morphological analysis were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The bacterial adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus was characterized at 30 min, 2 h and 6 h. The results showed homogeneous, uniform thickness (50–70 µm) of the substrate. FTIR and XRD showed the characteristic spectral peaks of HA, where the presence of Mg, Zn and Si changed the spectral peak intensities. The Mg–HA coating showed the least bacterial adhesion at 30 min and 2 h. In contrast, the Si–HA coating showed the least adhesion at 6 h. EPD showed an effective way to get a uniform coating on bio-grade metal implants, where ionic-substituted HA appeared as alternative coating material compared to conventional HA and showed the least bacterial adhesion.

Comparison of Functional Properties of Thin Layers on Titanium and Cobalt Implant Alloys

2010 ◽  
Vol 297-301 ◽  
pp. 1053-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Matrix Metal ◽  
Implant Alloys

The development of arthroplastics places high demands on the materials used for load-bearing elements of orthopedic implants. The most common of implant materials are titanium and cobalt alloys due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Titanium alloys have desirable properties, such as relatively low modulus, good fatigue strength, formability, machinability, superior corrosion resistance and so are frequently used for long-term implants. However, poor wear resistance limits their application for tribological systems of artificial joints. Research on improvement of titanium alloys tribological properties have been undertaken, mainly by using thin coatings. The TiN-layers are reported to be most promising in biomedical applications such. Many authors stress that application of TiN layer improve wear resistance of titanium implant alloys. Presented work is focused on comparison of effect of TiN coating on properties of TiAlV and CoCrMo implant alloys. The structure, microhardness, corrosion resistance as well as tribological properties were analysed. The research did not confirmed the good properties of titanium alloy with TiN coating. The results show that matrix metal hardness definitely affects the efficiency of TiN layers.

scholarly journals A low-cost machinability approach to accelerate titanium alloy development

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440542093786
Author(s):  
Chris Dredge ◽  
Rachid M’Saoubi ◽  
Ben Thomas ◽  
Oliver Hatt ◽  
Meurig Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Alloy Development ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Machining Properties

Machining is often the most expensive manufacturing process step when producing titanium alloy components. With a move towards higher metal removal rates to meet aircraft orders, it is important to develop rapid, low-cost methods that assess the machinability of titanium alloys and cutting tool combinations. A cost-effective, small-scale methodology has been developed and validated on the industrial scale using high-speed turning to inform on the machining characteristics of commercial and emerging titanium alloys to aid companies in future developments of new titanium alloys and cutting tool materials. The article demonstrates, using the titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V (Ti-64) and TIMETAL 407® (Ti-407), that a series of early stage, small-scale methods can identify key machinability characteristics including chip form, tool wear, cutting force and surface damage. It can be concluded using these low-cost machinability assessment methods that Ti-407 exhibits better machining properties to Ti-64 for the aspects of machinability focused on cutting forces and tool wear, whereas the contrary is found for subsurface microstructural features and chip control.

Economic viability of β titanium alloys for application in orthopedic implants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magna Bibiano de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandra de Oliveira França Hayama ◽  
Rubens Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Economic Viability

scholarly journals Biofilm inhibition and bactericidal activity of NiTi alloy coated with graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles via electrophoretic deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirapat Pipattanachat ◽  
Jiaqian Qin ◽  
Dinesh Rokaya ◽  
Panida Thanyasrisung ◽  
Viritpon Srimaneepong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Coating Time

AbstractBiofilm formation on medical devices can induce complications. Graphene oxide/silver nanoparticles (GO/AgNPs) coated nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy has been successfully produced. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm effects of a GO/AgNPs coated NiTi alloy prepared by Electrophoretic deposition (EPD). GO/AgNPs were coated on NiTi alloy using various coating times. The surface characteristics of the coated NiTi alloy substrates were investigated and its anti-biofilm and anti-bacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans biofilm were determined by measuring the biofilm mass and the number of viable cells using a crystal violet assay and colony counting assay, respectively. The results showed that although the surface roughness increased in a coating time-dependent manner, there was no positive correlation between the surface roughness and the total biofilm mass. However, increased GO/AgNPs deposition produced by the increased coating time significantly reduced the number of viable bacteria in the biofilm (p < 0.05). Therefore, the GO/AgNPs on NiTi alloy have an antibacterial effect on the S. mutans biofilm. However, the increased surface roughness does not influence total biofilm mass formation (p = 0.993). Modifying the NiTi alloy surface using GO/AgNPs can be a promising coating to reduce the consequences of biofilm formation.

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