Particle Size Reduction of Biomaterials Using Cryogenic Milling Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 2403-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Mok Lee ◽  
Hoon Jae Park ◽  
Seung Soo Kim ◽  
Tae Hoon Choi ◽  
E.Z. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Cryogenic Milling ◽  
Ball Milling Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

Reducing the particle size of drug materials down to submicron is an important matter in pharmaceutical industry. Cryogenic milling technology is one of the mechanical milling processes, which is mostly utilized in refining grain size of metal and ceramics at extremely low temperature environment. This technique has not been readily studied in application to medical and biotechnology. This paper, therefore, describes the application of cryogenic milling process to reduce particle size of Ibuprofen. The shape and size of the Ibuprofen particle before and after the cryogenic ball milling process were analyzed. XRD analysis was performed to examine a change in crystallinity of Ibuprofen by the cryogenic ball milling process. The results showed that the size of Ibuprofen particles was reduced to 1/10 or less of its initial size. The results also showed that the degree of crystallinity of Ibuprofen was slightly reduced after cryogenic ball milling with nitrogen.

An Investigation on the Application of Cryogenic Ball Milling to Ibuprofen Particle and Its Characteristics

2006 ◽  
Vol 505-507 ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyong Yop Rhee ◽  
Hyun Kab Cho ◽  
Jai Sung Hong
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Ball Milling Process ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Size Of Particles

For a present study, a cryogenic ball milling process was applied to reduce the Ibuprofen particles to submicron in order to enlarge their dissolution rate. The cryogenic ball milling was performed using 6 mm zirconia balls at a temperature of -180 °C or lower. The effects of milling time, the weight ratio of ball to Ibuprofen, and milling speed on the particle size were investigated. SEM and particle size analyzer were used to analyze the shape and size of particles before and after ball milling. The chemical changes before and after the cryogenic ball milling process were examined through XRD (x-ray diffraction) analysis. The results show that the size of Ibuprofen particles was reduced to about 1/20 of its initial size and the particle size showed negligible change after six hours of ball milling. The effect of weight ratio and the milling speed on the particle size was almost negligible. The results also show that cryogenic ball milling yielded no chemical changes in the particle.

Preparation and Microstructure of Al/Ti3SiC2 Nanocomposite

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Wan Li Gu ◽  
Liu Feng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Steel Ball ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Ball Milling Process ◽  
Ball Milling Technique

An Al-5vol%Ti3SiC2 nanocomposite has been prepared by ball milling technique. Steel ball, agate ball and zirconia ball were selected during the ball milling process and then the microstructure evolution of the powder mixture was investigated. The homogenous fine mixed powder can be obtained with zirconia ball, whereas the conglomeration will be formed in the case of steel ball and agate ball. The bulk Al/Ti3SiC2 nanocomposite was fabricated by hot pressing technique. The effects of the particle size and agglomerate state of Ti3SiC2, as well as the microstructure of Al/Ti3SiC2 nanocomposite were studied by SEM and TEM. It was found that the nanosized Ti3SiC2 particle could be obtained during the ball milling process and distributed in aluminium homogenously.

scholarly journals Working Volume and Milling Time on the Product Size/Morphology, Product Yield, and Electricity Consumption in the Ball-Milling Process of Organic Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto ◽  
Riezqa Andika ◽  
Muhammad Aziz ◽  
Lala Septem Riza
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Final Particle ◽  
Ball Milling Process ◽  
Working Volume

Analysis of ball-milling process under various conditions (i.e. working volume, milling time, and material load) on the material properties (i.e. chemical composition, as well as particle size and morphology), product yield, and electricity consumption was investigated. Turmeric (curcuma longa) was used as a model of size-reduced organic material due to its thermally and chemically stability, and fragile. Thus, clear examination on the size-reduction phenomenon during the milling process can be done without considering any reaction as well as time-consuming process. Results showed that working volume is prospective to control the characteristics of product. Working volume manages the shear stress and the collision phenomena during the process. Specifically, the lower working volume led to the production of particles with blunt-edged morphology and sizes of several micrometers. Although working volume is potentially used for managing the final particle size, this parameter has a direct impact to the product yield and electricity consumption. Adjustment of the milling time is also important due to its relation to breaking material and electrical consumption.

Particle Size Reduction of Biomaterials Using Cryogenic Milling Process

2005 ◽  
pp. 2403-2406
Author(s):  
Sang Mok Lee ◽  
Hoon Jae Park ◽  
Seung Soo Kim ◽  
Tae Hoon Choi ◽  
E.Z. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Cryogenic Milling

scholarly journals Phase Transformation and Morphology Evolution of Ti50Cu25Ni20Sn5 during Mechanical Milling

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Janovszky ◽  
Ferenc Kristaly ◽  
Tamas Miko ◽  
Adam Racz ◽  
Maria Sveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Amorphous Powder ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Amorphous Content

Nanocrystalline/amorphous powder was produced by ball milling of Ti50Cu25Ni20Sn5 (at.%) master alloy. Both laser diffraction particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to monitor the changes in the particle size as well as in the shape of particles as a function of milling time. During ball milling, the average particle size decreased with milling time from >320 µm to ~38 µm after 180 min of milling. The deformation-induced hardening and phase transformation caused the hardness value to increase from 506 to 779 HV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to observe the changes in the phases/amorphous content as a function of milling time. The amount of amorphous fraction increased continuously until 120 min milling (36 wt % amorphous content). The interval of crystallite size was between 1 and 10 nm after 180 min of milling with 25 wt % amorphous fractions. Cubic Cu(Ni,Cu)Ti2 structure was transformed into the orthorhombic structure owing to the shear/stress, dislocations, and Cu substitution during the milling process.

Study on the Precursory Powder for Bi-2223 Tape

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 1961-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.L. Zheng ◽  
X.Y. Xu ◽  
X.M. Xiong ◽  
G.Q. Liu ◽  
Q.B. Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Powder Particle ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Superconducting Phases ◽  
Ball Milling Process

The Phase formation in the precursory powder, the particle size and the homogenization phase distribution have been investigated in this paper. Size of the powder particle has been reduced by a ball-milling process. The effects of the ball-milling on the characteristic of the powder have been studied by XRD. The modality and distribution of 2212, Ca2CuO3 and CuO in the powder were observed by SEM. Results show that the Ca2CuO3 particle ground was about 200nm in size. The precursory powder with the non-superconducting phases distributed uniformly in the mixture powder was obtained for Bi-2223 long tape.

scholarly journals Improving heat aging and mechanical properties of fluoroelastomer using carbon nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Heidarian ◽  
Aziz Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Stress Induced Crystallization ◽  
Induced Crystallization

Abstract Carbon nanotube (CNT)-, carbon black (CB)-filled fluoroelastomer (FE) and unfilled-FE compounds were prepared (CNT/FE, CB/FE and FE). The compounds were subjected to heat air aging and characterized by tensile test and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Results show that CNT improved tensile properties of FE before and after aging. All samples show stress induced crystallization (SIC) during tension. XRD results show that under all conditions, the crystals were in the form of γ-phase. For both aged and un-aged specimens, the degree of crystallinity (Xc) is low. After tensile stretching, Xc of un-aged specimens increases tremendously, with larger crystal size. Under the same conditions, the order of elongation at break (EL) was FE > CB/FE > CNT/FE. Normal modulus (NM) and tangent modulus (TM) at the same conditions was in the order of CNT/FE > CB/FE > FE. Tensile strength had the order of CNT/FE > CB/FE > FE.

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