Containerless Solidification of Eutectic PbSn Alloy Droplets in a Drop Tube

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1633-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Cardoso Toledo ◽  
F.E. de Freitas ◽  
Chen Y. An ◽  
I.N. Bandeira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Drop Tube ◽  
Irregular Structures ◽  
Containerless Solidification ◽  
Scanning Electron

Containerless solidification of 300 to 850 µm diameter droplets of PbSn eutectic alloy was achieved by using a 3m length drop tube, which is one of the most suitable and low cost option to provide a microgravity environment on the ground. Phase morphology and composition were investigated, respectively, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). It was found that the microstructure of the droplets depends on their sizes, where in larger diameters (>500µm) consists of both regular lamellar and irregular structures, and on other hand, for the smaller ones (<500µm) the structure is only irregular with higher lead concentration.

scholarly journals Analytical study of Buddha sculptures in Jingyin temple of Taiyuan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojian Bai ◽  
Chen Jia ◽  
Zhigen Chen ◽  
Yuxuan Gong ◽  
Huwei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unique Style ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractWith exquisite design and unique style, the painted sculptures of Tutang Buddha and two attendants Buddha in Jingyin Temple are precious cultural heritages of China. The sculpture of Tutang Buddha, which was carved from a mound and painted by ancient craftsmen, was rarely found in ancient China. However, due to natural and human factors, the sculptures were severely damaged. Obviously, they require urgent and appropriate protection and restoration. In this study, samples taken from the sculptures were analysed through multiple analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and granulometry. The analysis results enable us to infer the techniques used by the craftsmen in making the sculptures and provide a reliable evidence for the conservation and future protection of these and similar sculptures.

Homogenization Treatment to Optimize the Microstructures of the Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li Alloy and Analysis of Al3Zr Precipitates

2018 ◽  
Vol 921 ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jun Xu ◽  
Mang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Experimental Alloy ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Homogenization Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure evolution and composition distribution of the cast Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li-0.11Zr alloy during single-step and double-step homogenization were studied with the help of the optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The results show that severe dendrite segregation exists in the experimental alloy. Six different homogenization treatments, conventional one-stage homogenization and double-stage homogenization are carried out, and the best homogenization treatment of the experimental alloys was achieved. Moreover, the precipitation of Al3Zr particles was significantly different after two kinds of homogenization in the experimental alloy. Compared with the single-stage homogenization, a finer particle size and distribution more diffuse of Al3Zr particles can be obtained in the double-stage homogenization treatment.

The Microstructure of AlSi7Mg Alloy in as Cast Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Dybowski ◽  
Bogusława Adamczyk-Cieślak ◽  
Kinga Rodak ◽  
Iwona Bednarczyk ◽  
Andrzej Kiełbus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Microstructure ◽  
Cast Condition ◽  
Scanning Electron

The complex microstructure of as-cast AlSi7Mg alloy has been investigated. Microstructure observations were done using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Chemical composition of the microstructure constituents was investigated by means of energy dispersive spectrometry, conducted both during SEM and STEM investigations. Selected area diffraction was used to identify the phases in the alloy. Microstructure of the alloy in the as-cast condition consists of Al-Si eutectic and intermetallic phases in the interdendritic regions. These are: Mg2Si, α-AlFeMnS, β-AlFeSi and π-AlFeSiMg phases. What is more, number of fine precipitates were found within the α-Al dendrites. Only the occurrence of U1 (MgAl2Si2) phase has been confirmed.

Alternative Method of Rapid Drying Vascular Specimens for Scanning Electron Microscopy

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
DáŠa Slížová ◽  
Otakar Krs ◽  
Blanka PospíŠilová
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

Purpose: To report the use of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) as an alternative to critical point drying for preparing stented canine peripheral vessels for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Technique: Vascular specimens were fixed in 4% formaldehyde overnight, dehydrated in a graded ethanol series, followed by immersion in 100% hexamethyldisilazane. After air drying, the specimens were mounted on stainless steel stubs, coated with gold, and examined in the SEM. The electron micrographs were of high quality, showing the layers of the vascular wall and the incorporated stent covered by a neointimal layer. The micrographs were comparable to corresponding histological sections, but detailed endothelial patterns were more visible. Conclusions: HMDS treatment and subsequent air drying provides good quality scanning electron micrographs that reveal both endothelial patterns and the layered architecture of stented vessels. The disadvantage of HMDS drying may be a shrinkage and distortion similar to other drying agents. Ease of handling, low cost, and a high rate of success are advantages that favor HMDS desiccation over other drying methods.

scholarly journals Analytical Study of Buddha Sculptures in Jingyin Temple of Taiyuan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojian Bai ◽  
Chen Jia ◽  
Zhigen Chen ◽  
Yuxuan Gong ◽  
Huwei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ancient China ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unique Style ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract With exquisite design and unique style, the painted sculptures of Tutang Buddha and two attendants Buddha in Jingyin Temple are precious cultural heritages of China. The sculpture of Tutang Buddha, which was carved from a mound and painted by ancient craftsmen, was rarely found in ancient China. However, due to natural and human factors, the sculptures were severely damaged. Obviously, they require urgent and appropriate protection and restoration. In this study, samples taken from the sculptures were analysed through multiple analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and granulometry. The analysis results enable us to infer the techniques used by the craftsmen in making the sculptures and provide a reliable evidence for the conservation and future protection of these and similar sculptures.

scholarly journals Reprocessing N95 Respirators During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moist Heat Inactivates SARS-CoV-2 and Maintains N95 Filtration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon C. Daeschler ◽  
Niclas Manson ◽  
Kariym Joachim ◽  
Alex W. H. Chin ◽  
Katelyn Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Breathing Resistance ◽  
N95 Respirators ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractBackgroundThe unprecedented demand and consequent global shortage of N95 respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic have left frontline workers vulnerable to infection. To potentially expand the supply, we validated a rapidly applicable low-cost decontamination protocol in compliance with regulatory standards to enable the safe reuse of personalized, disposable N95-respirators.MethodsFour common models of N95-respirators were disinfected for 60 minutes at 70°C either at 0% or 50% relative humidity (RH). Effective inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and E. coli was evaluated in inoculated masks. The N95 filter integrity was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The protective function of disinfected N95 respirators was tested against US NIOSH standards for particle filtration efficiency, breathing resistance and respirator fit.ResultsA single heat treatment inactivated both SARS-CoV-2 (undetectable, detection limit: 100 TCID50/ml) and E. coli (0 colonies at 50%RH) in all four respirator models. Even N95-respirators that underwent ten decontamination cycles maintained their integrity and met US-governmental criteria for approval regarding fit, filtration efficiency and breathing resistance. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated maintained N95 fiber diameter compared to baseline.InterpretationThermal disinfection enables large-scale, low cost decontamination of existing N95 respirators using commonly sourced equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. This process could be used in hospitals and long term care facilities and also provides a feasible approach to expand the N95 supply in low- and middle-income regions.

Investigation of the weldability of AISI304 and AISI1030 steels welded by friction welding

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Tanju Teker ◽  
Eyyüp Murat Karakurt ◽  
Murat Özabaci ◽  
Yaşar Güleryüz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the effect of rotational speed on the microstructure and weldability of AISI1030 steel and AISI304 stainless steel welded by friction welding method were investigated experimentally. The weld joints were manufactured with rotational speed (1500, 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, and 2000 rev/min.), friction pressure (40 MPa), forging pressure (60 MPa), forging time (4 s), and friction time (6 s). After the FW process, the microstructures of the weld interfaces were analyzed by optic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, elemental mapping, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the weld strength was analyzed by tensile test, and the fracture behavior was investigated with scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that increased rotational speed had a significant effect on the microstructure and weldability.

Effect of Ti and Sb Elements Addition on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Hot-Dip Galvanized Zn-11Al-3Mg Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 630-637
Author(s):  
Hui Jie Sun ◽  
Guo Rong Zhou ◽  
Ming Ming Zhang ◽  
Xue Feng Wang ◽  
Shui Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of Ti and Sb elements addition on the microstructures and corrosion resistance of hot-dip galvanized Zn-11Al-3Mg alloy was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electrochemical workstation, respectively. Results showed that the grain size of the alloy was obviously refined with the addition of Ti and Sb elements, due to Al3Ti phase as the nucleation substrate resulted in the transformation of Al-rich phase from dendrite to petal-like. In addition, the pitting corrosion resistance of the alloy has been significantly enhanced.

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