Investigation of the Topography of Face Milled Surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Kundrák ◽  
Csaba Felhő
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Machined Surfaces

Effects of the changing of cutting on the two-and three-dimensional roughness parameters of surfaces machined by face milling are investigated in the paper. The focus is on how the changing of the ratio of the feed and depth of cut affects the generated surface topography and its parameters in the case of constant undeformed uncut chip cross-section. Additionally, it is demonstrated how setting errors of individual inserts affect the roughness parameters of machined surfaces.

Study on the extraction and reconstruction of arbitrary frequency topography from precision machined surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (7) ◽  
pp. 1772-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qilong Pang ◽  
Liangjie Kuang ◽  
Youlin Xu ◽  
Xiang Dai
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Continuous Wavelet Transform ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Continuous Wavelet ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Arbitrary Frequency ◽  
Frequency Features ◽  
Machined Surfaces

This article presents an extraction and reconstruction method for arbitrary two-dimensional and three-dimensional frequency features in precision machined surfaces. A combination of power spectrum density and continuous wavelet transform is used to analyze the potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal surface topography. All frequencies involved in sampling area of measuring instrument are distinguished by power spectrum density method. Compared to discrete wavelet transform used to decompose frequency features, continuous wavelet transform method can extract and reconstruct two-dimensional profile and three-dimensional topography of arbitrary frequency features from original precision machined surfaces. Analysis results show that amplitude and distribution of different frequency features in two-dimensional profile or three-dimensional surface topography are fully restored by continuous wavelet transform. The effects of different factors in machining process on precision machined surface topography may be discovered. Furthermore, the extraction and reconstruction method is generally applicable for the analysis of all precision machined surfaces.

A Method for the Determination of Theoretical Roughness in Face Milling Considering the Run-Out of the Inserts

2017 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Felho ◽  
János Kundrák
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Edge Geometry ◽  
Cad Modelling ◽  
Cut Surface

A method is introduced for determining theoretical values of roughness characteristics of surfaces generated by tools having a defined edge geometry. The method is based on the CAD modelling of the theoretical cut surface, and can be used to model practically any complex tool geometry. In application to rotating tools (e.g. face milling), besides the variety of tool designs, the setting accuracy was also taken into consideration during the determination of theoretical values due to the simultaneous cutting of more than one edge. It will be demonstrated that in addition to the determination of 2D roughness parameters, the method is suitable to determine the 3D roughness parameters as the surface topography can be more accurately described with these characteristics. Experimental data is shown to validate of the extended modelling and calculation method.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF DEPTH OF CUT AND CUTTING SPEED ON CUTTING FORCES IN FACE MILLING UNDER CONSTANT CHIP CROSS-SECTION CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (90) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos E. Karkalos ◽  
Angelos P. Markopoulos ◽  
Tamás Makkai ◽  
János Kundrák
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Depth Of Cut

SAF file: It's really three dimensional file

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Jamal Aziz Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Circular Motion ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
Metal Core ◽  
Rotating Blade

The biological objectives of root canal treatment have not changed over the recentdecades, but the methods to attain these goals have been greatly modified. Theintroduction of NiTi rotary files represents a major leap in the development ofendodontic instruments, with a wide variety of sophisticated instruments presentlyavailable (1, 2).Whatever their modification or improvement, all of these instruments have onething in common: they consist of a metal core with some type of rotating blade thatmachines the canal with a circular motion using flutes to carry the dentin chips anddebris coronally. Consequently, all rotary NiTi files will machine the root canal to acylindrical bore with a circular cross-section if the clinician applies them in a strictboring manner

ANALYSIS OF THE GENERAL EQUATIONS OF THE TRANSVERSE VIBRATION OF A PIECEWISE UNIFORM VISCOELASTIC PLATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
MMATMATISA JALILOV ◽  
◽  
RUSTAM RAKHIMOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Transverse Vibration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Viscoelastic Plate ◽  
Constant Thickness ◽  
Regional Problem ◽  
Rigid Contact ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Theoretical Results

This article discusses the analysis of the general equations of the transverse vibration of a piecewise homogeneous viscoelastic plate obtained in the “Oscillation of inlayer plates of constant thickness” [1]. In the present work on the basis of a mathematical method, the approached theory of fluctuation of the two-layer plates, based on plate consideration as three dimensional body, on exact statement of a three dimensional mathematical regional problem of fluctuation is stood at the external efforts causing cross-section fluctuations. The general equations of fluctuations of piecewise homogeneous viscoelastic plates of the constant thickness, described in work [1], are difficult on structure and contain derivatives of any order on coordinates x, y and time t and consequently are not suitable for the decision of applied problems and carrying out of engineering calculations. For the decision of applied problems instead of the general equations it is expedient to use confidants who include this or that final order on derivatives. The classical equations of cross-section fluctuation of a plate contain derivatives not above 4th order, and for piecewise homogeneous or two-layer plates the elementary approached equation of fluctuation is the equation of the sixth order. On the basis of the analytical decision of a problem the general and approached decisions of a problem are under construction, are deduced the equation of fluctuation of piecewise homogeneous two-layer plates taking into account rigid contact on border between layers, and also taking into account mechanical and rheological properties of a material of a plate. The received theoretical results for the decision of dynamic problems of cross-section fluctuation of piecewise homogeneous two-layer plates of a constant thickness taking into account viscous properties of their material allow to count more precisely the is intense-deformed status of plates at non-stationary external loadings.

Boundary element method in numerical study of three-dimensional Stokes flows in channels of arbitrary shape

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Itkulova
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Variable Cross Section ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Periodic Flows ◽  
Element Method

In the present work creeping three-dimensional flows of a viscous liquid in a cylindrical tube and a channel of variable cross-section are studied. A qualitative triangulation of the surface of a cylindrical tube, a smoothed and experimental channel of a variable cross section is constructed. The problem is solved numerically using boundary element method in several modifications for a periodic and non-periodic flows. The obtained numerical results are compared with the analytical solution for the Poiseuille flow.

scholarly journals Combining 3D Structured Light Imaging and Spine X-ray Data Improves Visualization of the Spinous Lines in the Scoliotic Spine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Sławomir Paśko ◽  
Wojciech Glinkowski
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spinous Processes

Scoliosis is a three-dimensional trunk and spinal deformity. Patient evaluation is essential for the decision-making process and determines the selection of specific and adequate treatment. The diagnosis requires a radiological evaluation that exposes patients to radiation. This exposure reaches hazardous levels when numerous, repetitive radiographic studies are required for diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment. Technological improvements in radiographic devices have significantly reduced radiation exposure, but the risk for patients remains. Optical three-dimensional surface topography (3D ST) measurement systems that use surface topography (ST) to screen, diagnose, and monitor scoliosis are safer alternatives to radiography. The study aimed to show that the combination of plain X-ray and 3D ST scans allows for an approximate presentation of the vertebral column spinous processes line in space to determine the shape of the spine’s deformity in scoliosis patients. Twelve patients diagnosed with scoliosis, aged 13.1 ± 4.5 years (range: 9 to 20 years) (mean: Cobb angle 17.8°, SD: ±9.5°) were enrolled in the study. Patients were diagnosed using full-spine X-ray and whole torso 3D ST. The novel three-dimensional assessment of the spinous process lines by merging 3D ST and X-ray data in patients with scoliosis was implemented. The method’s expected uncertainty is less than 5 mm, which is better than the norm for a standard measurement tool. The presented accuracy level is considered adequate; the proposed solution is accurate enough to monitor the changes in the shape of scoliosis’s spinous processes line. The proposed method allows for a relatively precise calculation of the spinous process lines based on a three-dimensional point cloud obtained with a four-directional, three-dimensional structured light diagnostic system and a single X-ray image. The method may help reduce patients’ total radiation exposure and avoid one X-ray in the sagittal projection if biplanar radiograms are required for reconstructing the three-dimensional line of the spinous processes line.

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