FACTORS AFFECTING THE TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPRING FLIGHT OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. R. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Emergence Pattern

AbstractA multiple regression analysis was used to establish which weather factors and population parameters were important in determining the emergence pattern of the spring flight of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), as measured by light trap catches. Equations which estimated the slope and intercept of a line representing the probit of cumulative percentage emergence vs. degree days had as independent variables the intercept of the previous year’s regression line and the average temperature for the preceding September, December, February, and April. A comparison of methods used to estimate the emergence pattern showed that the average deviation of the average date method was 5.0 days, the average slope and intercept method 2.8 days, and multiple regression method 1.6 days.

USE OF STANDARD TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS AND PHENOLOGICAL PREDICTION FOR THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HÜBNER) IN ALBERTA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1247-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Kelker ◽  
Dennis A. Lee ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
The Standard Model

AbstractA degree-day model was developed for Alberta populations of Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner. Starting with overwintered fifth-instar larvae, the model calculates the temporal distribution of first- and second-instar larvae which are the stages most vulnerable to chemical suppression. Predictions from three alternative models were compared against field data from southern Alberta. Use of a standard 10°C growth threshold to calculate physiological time scales allowed predictions as accurate as those obtained using either a pooled threshold (11.4°C) calculated specifically from Alberta populations, or a model using two thresholds (12.3°C for fifth-instar larvae to adult and 10.2°C for eggs to second-instar larvae) that incorporated significant differences in growth characteristics observed among life stages. We conclude that standard thresholds are sufficient for degree-day models for northern populations of O. nubilalis. The standard model (t0 = 10°C) predicts that moth emergence will peak at ca. 145 degree-days after median pupation, and that numbers of eggs, and first- and second-instar larvae should peak at 200, 310, and 450 degree-days, respectively. Model predictions can be used to time sampling effort in support of management decisions.

A METHOD OF DETECTING OVIPOSITION IN EUROPEAN CORN BORER MOTHS, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), AND ITS RELATION TO SUBSEQUENT LARVAL DAMAGE TO PEPPERS

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Elliott ◽  
R.J. McClanahan ◽  
J. Founk
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Yellow Band ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractThe formation of a yellow band inside the stalk of each ovariole was a good indicator that a female European corn borer had laid eggs. The absence of these bands was less reliable as an indicator that no eggs had been laid, probably due to the time taken for the bands to form. The numbers of moths accumulating in a light trap over a week at Harrow, Ontario, and the numbers of females estimated to have laid eggs correlated significantly with the numbers of larvae developing in nearby green pepper plots 3, 4, and 5 weeks later during second generation flights. This enabled linear equations for forecasting pepper damage to be developed, in which the dissection data was more useful than the total moth catch alone.

Predicting the Size of European Corn Borer Infestations (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.)

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1285-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Predictive Equation ◽  
Partial Regression ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Kent County

AbstractA method of forecasting the size of first-generation or summer infestations of Ostrinia nubilalis in Kent County, Ontario, is described. A function is derived from partial regression analysis relating the estimated size of the expected summer infestation to (1) the number of females caught in a light-trap during the first or spring flight, and (2) average rainfall per day during the first flight. The function explains 94% of the observed variation in estimated size of first-generation infestations in this area between 1947 and 1961. A means of categorizing the estimated size of the predicted infestation based on the frequency distribution of previously estimated infestations is also described. Methods of sampling and estimating population size and the applicability of the predictive equation to other environments are discussed.

Some Factors Influencing the Occurrence and Size of the Midsummer Flight of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Southwestern Ontario

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 798-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mutchmor
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Seasonal History

In southwestern Ontario the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), produces two flights annually. The first flight, beginning in June, consists of moths from larvae that have overwintered. The midsummer, or second, flight begins late in July or early in August, and its moths are the progeny of the first flight. Until about 20 years ago the borer produced only one annual flight and was thought to be univoltine. The change in the seasonal history of the borer in Ontario was described by Wressell (1953) and Miller (1956). The literature describing similar changes in parts of the United States has been reviewed by Lees (1955) and Everett et al. (1958). Wressell (1953) summarized light trap collection data of moth flights in the Chatham, Ontario, area for the years 1932 to 1951. The summary includes the percentage of the moths that were from the midsummer flight, and it is evident that the size of this flight varies greatly from year to year. Aside from its intrinsic interest, it would be of some economic value to know what governs the size of the midsummer flight. This is a report of studies undertaken to examine the case, and to relate the findings to the larger problem of why the borer now produces a second flight where formerly it produced only one.

SOME FACTORS DETERMINING THE SIZE OF INFESTATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (PYRALIDAE: LEPIDOPTERA)

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Barlow ◽  
H. B. Wressell ◽  
G. R. Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Partial Regression ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Kent County

Partial regression analysis of the indicial size of first generation, or summer. infestations of Ostrinia nubilalis estimated from light-trap matches and surveys of cornfields in Kent County, Ontario, suggested that the size of infestations was largely determined by three factors: (1) the number of females in the first flight, (2) average rainfall per day during the first flight, and (3) average daily temperature during the first flight. The first factor was apparently most important, rainfall had less effect, and the influence of temperature was evidently negligible. Estimated size of first generation infestations increased by 3.7 individuals for every unit increase in the number of females trapped during the first flight, by 12.2 individuals for every 0.01 in. of rain which fell during the first flight, and by 1.3 individuals for every 1°-F increase in mean daily temperature during the first flight. The regression explained 94% of the variation in estimated size of summer infestations of the corn borer between 1947 and 1961. A hyperbolic relationship was implied between the number of females in the first flight and the number of progeny per female in first generation infestations.

THE AGE OF FEMALE EUROPEAN CORN BORER MOTHS, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN THE FIELD AND TESTS OF ITS USE IN FORECASTING DAMAGE TO GREEN PEPPERS

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 769-774
Author(s):  
W. M. Elliott ◽  
J. D. Richardson ◽  
J. Founk
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Flight Period ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Recruits

AbstractThe mean post-mating age of mated female moths of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), from light traps varied from 3.4 to 5.2 days during the June–September flight period at Harrow, Ontario, in a manner consistent with assignment of moths to 3 generations per year. At the beginning of the first generation the mean age was 3.66 days and rose to 5.21 before flights ceased. At the beginning of the second generation the mean age was 3.39 days and rose to 4.47 days. A third generation could be detected in early September by a significant drop in age and an increase in virgin females. The average age of mated females was negatively correlated with the proportion of virgin females in the same week (r = −0.648, P = 0.02), indicating that about 40% of the variance in age of mated females was associated with emergence of new recruits to the population. Females collected with a sweep net from their day time resting places in weeds were either the same age or older than those from the light trap. The mean age of moths from light traps was found to be not meaningful when it was tested as a factor in forecasting damage caused by their progeny in green peppers 3–5 weeks later.

POSTMATING AGE ESTIMATES FOR FEMALE EUROPEAN CORN BORER MOTHS, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), USING TIME-RELATED CHANGES IN SPERMATOPHORES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (12) ◽  
pp. 1325-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Elliott ◽  
V. A. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Volume Depletion ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Modal Values

AbstractThe spermatophores in mated female European corn borers, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), were shown to lose volume (depletion), change colour, and retract their spiral stalks over a period of about 7 days in such a way that postmating age could be estimated from their appearance. Colour changes and stalk retraction occurred more slowly in females that laid fertile eggs than in those that did not, but depletion occurred at the same rate. The average postmating age was estimated as 5.2, 6.3, 3.9, and 2.6 days for small light trap catches of first generation females in 1974, 1975, 1976, and 1977 and 4.4, 3.9, and 3.2 days for larger catches of second generation females in 1974, 1975, and 1977. Catches did not show decreasing numbers in successive age groups but tended to show modal values at < 1 day and at 4–6 days with only 1% living > 7 days. Redistribution of the moths from the date of capture back to the date of mating tended to give a unimodal curve of numbers on time in the 1975 second generation but not in 1974 or 1977. The unimodal curve of redistributed moths in 1975 was significantly different from a normal distribution. The redistribution showed that 58% of the moths mated within the heat unit interval when the second generation was expected to emerge, whereas only 38% of the actual catches occurred in this interval. Redistribution also showed that mating probably occurred even on cold nights when few moths were trapped, and conversely that on some warm nights with large catches most of the moths had mated on earlier nights.

MATING FREQUENCY OF THE FEMALE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Previous Night ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractEuropean corn borer moths were caught in an ultraviolet light trap from early June to late October at Harrow, Ont. Two conspicuous peaks of light trap catches occurred each year, corresponding to two generations, but a third generation was deduced from three peaks of occurrence of virgin females. The number of moths which could be caught with nets in the day time correlated with the light trap catch of the previous night (r = 0.7). Most of the moths caught in the light trap or in nets were females but males predominated in the early June, September, and October catches. The shortage of males in the second generation was shown to influence the proportion of females mating, but not the number of spermatophores per female. Most females mated once and the number of matings per female did not differ enough between years to account for differences in adult populations.

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