scholarly journals Glioblastoma multiforme subterfuge as acute cerebral hemorrhage: A case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seidu A. Richard ◽  
Yunxia Ye ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Lu Ma ◽  
Chao You
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Intracranial Hematoma ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
Vascular Origin ◽  
Hemorrhagic Lesion

Hemorrhagic related Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are rare and characterizes with severe clinical scuffle. The etiology of this presentation although not well known is believed to be multifactorial. We present a case as well as review on the pathogenesis of evolution of the hematoma into ring enhancing features of GBM on imaging studies. We present a case of 28 years old man who suddenly went into coma for 9 hours preceded with seizures that latest for 10 minutes. He had no focal neurological signs. CT-Scans images indicated acute cerebral hemorrhage near the frontal horn of the left ventricle with brain edema about the hemorrhagic lesion and MRI done a week later revealed a cerebral ring enhancing lesion. The lesion was partially resected during surgery and immunohistochemical staining confirmed GBM (WHO, grade 4). The diagnosis of intratumoral hemorrhage in GBM was very challenging at the initial stages but with time the hematoma evolved into ring enhancing images typical of GBM. It’s not every intracranial hematoma that is of pure vascular origin.

scholarly journals HGG-43. CONGENITAL GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME: A CASE REPORT OF A RARE PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR, MOLECULAR ANALYSIS, AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii351-iii351
Author(s):  
Christina Amend ◽  
James Stadler ◽  
Shahriar Salamat ◽  
Erik Dedekam ◽  
Angela Waanders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Pediatric Brain Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Pediatric Brain ◽  
Congenital Brain Tumors

Abstract Congenital brain tumors are rare, accounting for less than 4% of all pediatric brain tumors. Congenital glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is rarer still, accounting for 3–15% of congenital brain tumors. There is literature to suggest that these tumors differ from pediatric and adult GBM clinically and molecularly, and as such should be treated as their own distinct entity. Our case is a 4 week old male who initially presented to his pediatrician for enlarging head circumference and upward gaze palsy. An MRI was obtained revealing a right parietal mass. He underwent gross total resection the following day with pathology revealing glioblastoma, WHO grade IV. Further analysis revealed ATRX retained, p53 immunoreactivity in 15–20% of nuclei, IDH1 and IDH2 wildtype, MGMT promoter not methylated, H3K27M wildtype, no 1p and/or 19q deletion/codeletion. Interestingly, RNA analysis of his tumor detected the PPP1CB-ALK fusion transcript as well as amplification of the ALK gene. Co-occurrence of these mutations has been reported in a small number of pediatric glioblastoma patients and PPP1CB-ALK fusions are one of the most common receptor tyrosine kinase fusions in infantile gliomas. ALK rearrangements and amplifications suggest a potential therapeutic target with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in glioblastoma. This patient serves as an example of a rare congenital glioblastoma with unique molecular features that may suggest novel treatment opportunities. We present his clinical course along with a pertinent review of the literature.

scholarly journals Cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme in an adult

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo Mattos ◽  
Horacio Armando Marenco ◽  
José Maria Campos ◽  
Andréa Vasconcellos Faria ◽  
Luciano Souza Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
Cerebellar Glioblastoma ◽  
High Degree

Cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare tumor. This is the third case published in Brazilian literature and, the last one has been described more than 15 years ago. The aggressive behavior of GBM prompts for fast treatment, which can be hampered by the fact that the diagnosis of GBM requires a high degree of suspicion. We describe a case of GBM in a 46 years old man. In conjunction, we present a literature review including particular issues, clinical data, advances in imaging studies, pathological characteristics, treatment options and the behavior of such malignant tumor.

Hypernatremia in a Cat with Toxoplasma-Induced Panencephalitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Weingart ◽  
Achim D. Gruber ◽  
Mathias Brunnberg ◽  
Barbara Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Neurological Signs

A 12 yr old female neutered Carthusian crossbreed cat was presented due to progressive neurological signs. Clinical signs included dehydration, stupor, and anisocoria. Laboratory examination revealed severe hypernatremia, azotemia, hyperglobulinemia, and an erythrocytosis. Clinical signs and hypernatremia suggested an intracranial process. Imaging studies revealed a loss of structure in the cerebrum, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. Due to a poor prognosis, the cat was euthanatized. Histopathological examination revealed a subacute granulomatous and necrotizing panencephalitis with Toxoplasma-typical protozoa. The Toxoplasma-induced dysfunction of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland led to diabetes insipidus, which was, in combination with insufficient water intake, the most likely cause for the hypernatremia.

scholarly journals Xanthomatous meningioma, a rare histological variant: Case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Sandeep Mohindra ◽  
Ninad R Patil ◽  
Manjul Tripathi ◽  
Sonikpreet Aulakh ◽  
Nirmalya Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Radiographic Features ◽  
Histological Variant ◽  
Vacuolated Cytoplasm ◽  
Sphenoid Wing Meningioma

Xanthomatous meningioma is a WHO grade I metaplastic meningioma where neoplastic cells contain lipid-filled vacuolated cytoplasm. The origin of xanthomatous meningiomas is believed to be from meningothelial cells but diagnosis remains difficult because of their close resemblance with the histiocytes. Peculiar radiographic features may aid in diagnosis, however, definitive diagnosis requires immunohistochemical staining. We report a case of 43-year-old male with sphenoid wing meningioma revealing xanthomatous changes and received treatment as grade 1 meningioma. Though the exact pathophysiology remains unknown, we believe focal or gross metaplastic changes lead to transformation of tumor cells into the xanthomatous subtype. Authors discuss this interesting a rare histologic variant with discussion of the relevant literature.

scholarly journals Glioblastoma multiforme as a secondary malignancy following stereotactic radiosurgery of a meningioma: case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. E11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Labuschagne ◽  
Dinoshan Chetty
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Secondary Malignancy ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Who Grade Ii Meningioma

The documentation and exact incidence of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)–induced neoplasia is not well understood, with most literature restricted to single case reports and single-center retrospective reviews. The authors present a rare case of radiosurgery-induced glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) following radiosurgical treatment of a meningioma. A 74-year-old patient with a sporadic meningioma underwent radiosurgery following surgical removal of a WHO grade II meningioma. Eighteen months later she presented with seizures, and MRI revealed an intraaxial tumor, which was resected and proven to be a glioblastoma. As far as the authors are aware, this case represents the third case of GBM following SRS for a meningioma. This report serves to increase the awareness of this possible complication following SRS. The possibility of this rare complication should be explained to patients when obtaining their consent for radiosurgery.

Intraoperative ventricular puncture during supraorbital craniotomy via an eyebrow incision

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Menovsky ◽  
Joost de Vries ◽  
Johannes A. L. Wurzer ◽  
J. Andre Grotenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Entry Point ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Line Parallel ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
Imaginary Line ◽  
Eyebrow Incision ◽  
Ventricular Puncture ◽  
Supraorbital Craniotomy

✓ The authors determined the landmarks and coordinates for intraoperative ventricular puncture directly from the supraorbital craniotomy opening via an eyebrow incision. Fifty magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies were obtained from patients with no pathological cerebral characteristics or ventricular distortion. The cerebral entry point of the ventriculostomy was located directly under the key bur hole (just behind the zygomatic process of the frontal bone) at the base of the frontal lobe because it represents a stable, reliable point that can be used as the bur hole during supraorbital craniotomy via an eyebrow incision. From this point, the coordinates for lateral ventricular puncture were determined using MR imaging studies and neuronavigational software. The cerebral entry point of the ventriculostomy was situated directly under the key bur hole at the base of the frontal lobe. The catheter was directed at a 45° angle to the midline and a 20° angle up from an imaginary line parallel to the orbitomeatal line. The catheter will usually be inserted into the ventricle at a point 5 cm deep to the cortex and may be inserted as deep as 6.5 cm. Using this technique, the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle can be easily tapped. The landmark required for this technique is readily available in all patients.

Phase II trial of imatinib mesylate and hydroxyurea for grade III malignant gliomas

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1573-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Desjardins ◽  
D. A. Reardon ◽  
J. A. Quinn ◽  
J. N. Rich ◽  
J. J. Vredenburgh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Imatinib Mesylate ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Disease Stabilization ◽  
Adequate Organ Function ◽  
Grade Iii

1573 Background: We evaluated the combination of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) and hydroxyurea in WHO grade III malignant gliomas following the encouraging response of this combination demonstrated in glioblastoma multiforme. Methods: Eligibility: adult patients with recurrent/relapsing AA or AO with measurable disease; 2 weeks since surgical resection or 4 weeks since radiotherapy or chemotherapy; Karnofsky 60% and adequate organ function. Imatinib and hydroxyurea were given orally daily. Imatinib was administered at 400 mg daily to patients not on enzyme inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED) while those on EIAED received 500 mg twice a day. Hydroxyurea was administered to all patients at 500 mg twice a day. Each cycle was 28 days of therapy. Results: Thirty-nine patients with recurrent AA (n= 32) or AO (n=7), following prior radiation therapy and chemotherapy, have been enrolled, including 21 (54%) not on EIAED and 18 (46%) on EIAED. Patient characteristics were comparable between both strata. Median age was 39 years (range, 21–59 years). The most frequent grade III-IV toxicities were neutropenia (n=11), leukopenia (n=8), thrombocytopenia (n=6), deep venous thrombosis (n=3), fatigue (n=2) and pulmonary edema (n=2). One patient presented grade V brain hemorrhage at the time of disease progression. Four patients achieved a partial response, for an overall response rate of 10%. Thirteen patients (33%) achieved disease stabilization. Twelve patients (67%) not on EIAED had progressive disease as their best response compared to only 4 patients (27%) on EIAED. The median time to progression for all patients, and for those not on EAIED and on EIAED was 14.1 weeks, 10.9 weeks and 26.0 weeks, respectively. Conclusions: Daily imitanib mesylate plus hydroxyurea demonstrates encouraging activity and is well tolerated among patients with recurrent AA or AO. As observed with glioblastoma multiforme patients, patients on EAIED seem to demonstrate a better response. [Table: see text]

Dendritic cell therapy in glioblastoma multiforme

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3065-3065
Author(s):  
J. Nesselhut ◽  
T. Nesselhut ◽  
R. Chang ◽  
D. Marx ◽  
W. Brockmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Who Grade

3065 Background: Malignant brain tumors belong to the tumors with unfavorable prognosis. The most aggressive form, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM WHO grade IV glioma), is categorized as incurable with median survivals less than 12–18 months and 90–95% of patients surviving less than 2 years. Here we show that immunotherapy with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) can induce a clinical response in advanced GMB, especially when combined with the non human pathogenic oncolytic virus NDV (New Castle Disease Virus). Methods: After isolating monocytes from peripheral blood of n=21 patients dendritic cells were generated ex vivo in the presence of recombinant cytokines (IL-4, GM-CSF) and 2,5% autologous serum. If tumor tissue was available the MoDC were primed on day 5 with tumor- lysate and co-cultured with poly:IC and IFN-alpha. The MoDC were harvested on day 7 of culture and administered to the patients, intradermally. In 5 patients NDV was added to the MoDC for one hour prior to administration. These patients received an infusion with NDV one day before vaccination. Results: We were able to induce a clinical response in 33% (n=7) of the treated patients. The median survival after onset of DC-therapy was 10 months. With respect to primary diagnosis the median survival was 19 months with 1- and 2-years survival rates of 81% and 14%, respectively. Improvement of the clinical response can be observed by combination of NDV. None of the 5 patients treated with this combination therapy died of the disease (9–19 months after primary diagnosis). Three of them (60%) show a response with 2 clear partial remissions (40%). Conclusions: Taken together, a dendritic-cell based therapy can be successful in the treatment of GBM. Enhancement of the therapeutically outcome can be induced by a combination therapy with New Castle Disease Virus leading to the suggestion that there may be an interaction between the dendritic cells and the NDV. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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