scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Triatomines and Its Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in Rural Communities from the Southern Region of the State of Mexico, Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imelda Medina-Torres ◽  
Roberto Montes de Oca-Jiménez ◽  
Roger I. Rodríguez-Vivas ◽  
Juan C. Vázquez-Chagoyán
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
The State ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a region of the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Melo Sardinha ◽  
Rosane do Socorro Pompeu de Loiola ◽  
Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Carmem Aliandra Freire de Sá ◽  
Yan Corrêa Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region

AbstractThe Brazilian Northern region registered a high incidence of COVID-19 cases, particularly in the state of Pará. The present study investigated the risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 in a Brazilian Amazon region of 100,819 cases. An epidemiological, cross-sectional, analytical and demographic study, analyzing data on confirmed cases for COVID-19 available at the Brazilian Ministry of Health's surveillance platform, was conducted. Variables such as, municipalities of residence, age, gender, signs and symptoms, comorbidities were included and associated with COVID-19 cases and outcomes. The spatial distribution was performed using the ArcGIS program. A total of 100,819 cases were evaluated. Overall, patients had the mean age of 42.3 years, were female (51.2%) and with lethality reaching 4.79% of cases. Main symptoms included fever (66.5%), cough (61.9%) and sore throat (39.8%). Regarding comorbidities, most of the patients presented cardiovascular disease (5.1%) and diabetes (4.2%). Neurological disease increased risk of death by nearly 15 times, followed by obesity (5.16 times) and immunodeficiency (5.09 time). The municipalities with the highest incidence rate were Parauapebas, Canaã dos Carajás and Jacareacanga. Similarity between the Lower Amazon, Marajó and Southwest mesoregions of Pará state were observed concerning the highest morbidity rates. The obtained data demonstrated that the majority of cases occurred among young adults, females, with the classic influenza symptoms and chronic diseases. Finally, data suggest that the highest incidences were no longer in the metropolitan region of the state. The higher lethality rate than in Brazil may be associated with the greater impacts of the disease in this Amazonian population, or factors associated with fragile epidemiological surveillance in the notification of cases of cure.

Rabies Ecology in Bauchi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Bolajoko Muhammad-Bashir ◽  
Yakubu Joel Atuman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Public Health Implication ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Dog Ownership ◽  
Dog Owners

Despite availability of safer and cost-effective treatments and vaccines, rabies is still considered among the most fatal viral zoonotic disease worldwide. The epidemiology of rabies is directly associated with the ecology of the reservoirs which needs better understanding to underpin appropriate control measures. There are only few reported attempts made towards understanding the ecology of dog and rabies cases in Nigeria. Although dogs are tolerated and kept in Bauchi State, the risk factors associated with dog ownership in the state, remain to be studied. This study is aimed at determining the risk factors associated with dog ownership in Bauchi state and to evaluate the degree with which the presence or absence of the identified factors can increase or decrease risk of rabies cases in the state. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted amongst dog owners across the state. Basic descriptive analyses were carried out in Microsoft Excel 2016 and IBM SPSS 21 was used to determine the relative risk (RR) of rabies occurrence in households across the state when exposed to each of the identified risk factors where P-value was set at 0.05. A total of 80 questionnaires were completed and received from the respondents. The calculated RR, revealed that the practice of extensive system of management increases the risk of canine rabies amongst dogs of the state by 80% and knowledge of dog owners about canine rabies reduces the risk of canine rabies by 27%. This study confirmed that dogs are owned and tolerated but poorly managed under extensive management system in Bauchi state with increasing risks of rabies spread due to low vaccination coverage and lack of practical application of knowledge on the dangers of rabies amongst the populace. The public health implication of this situation and the need for concerted efforts for sustainable control of rabies in the state is discussed

Molecular Characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi in Infected Meccus pallidipennis in the Southern Region of the State of Mexico, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fátima Ingrid López-Vivas ◽  
Juan Carlos Vázquez-Chagoyán ◽  
Jorge Pablo Acosta-Dibarrat ◽  
Imelda Medina-Torres ◽  
Héctor M. Diaz-Albiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
The State ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Meccus Pallidipennis

scholarly journals Testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in a region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel A.M. Rossi ◽  
Henrique M.S. Almeida ◽  
Rafaella P.M. Guimarães-Peixoto ◽  
Emílio C. Acevedo-Nieto ◽  
Paulo S.A. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract: Taenia solium is a zoonotic tapeworm of great importance in developing countries, due to the occurrence of human taeniasis and cysticercosis. Pigs have an important role in the biological cycle of the parasite as intermediate hosts. The scientific literature has been describing risk factors associated with the occurrence of this disease that must be avoided in countries with poor sanitation, in order to reduce the exposure of swine to the parasite eggs. This research focused on testing pigs of non-technified rearing farms for serum antibodies against Taenia solium in the region of Jaboticabal municipality, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The found prevalence was 6.82% (CI 95% 4.18 - 9.45) at animal level and 28.87% (CI 95% 16.74 - 40.40) at herd level. These figures are probably associated with low technification adoption during animal rearing in the studied area, which increased the exposure of the animals to risk factors associated with the occurrence of Taenia solium complex. The results found based on serological evidences of swine cysticercosis in the studied region serves as a warning to public sanitary authorities to improve public health and control T. solium.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with canine visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raizza Barros Sousa Silva ◽  
Maurina Lima Porto ◽  
Werona de Oliveira Barbosa ◽  
Heitor Cândido de Souza ◽  
Nedja Fernanda dos Santos Pinto Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
The State ◽  
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Factors Associated

Prevalence and risk factors associated to infection by Toxoplasma gondii in ovine in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Wilton Pinheiro ◽  
Rinaldo Aparecido Mota ◽  
Andréa Alice da Fonseca Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo Bento Faria ◽  
Luis Fernando Pita Gondim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Associated

Prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine genital campylobacteriosis and bovine trichomonosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júnior Mário Baltazar de Oliveira ◽  
Gesika Maria da Silva ◽  
Antônio Fernando Barbosa Batista Filho ◽  
Jonas de Melo Borges ◽  
Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Intestinal Parasitic Infestations among Children Under Five Years in Selected Communities in the Ho Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Kpene ◽  
S.Y. Lokpo ◽  
J.G. Deku ◽  
E. Agboli ◽  
P.K. Owiafe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Children Under 5

BACKGROUND፡ The study investigated intestinal parasitic infestations (IPIs) and possible risk factors associated with asymptomatic children under five (5) years in five (5) selected communities in the Ho Municipality.METHODS: The study design was cross- sectional, with a simple random sampling technique involving 150 asymptomatic children under 5 years from 5 selected communities (Klave, Hoe, Freetown, Dave and Godokpe) in the Ho Municipality. A questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographics and other relevant parameters. Direct wet preparation, formol-ether concentration and Modified ZN staining techniques were used for the identification of intestinal parasites from participants’ stool samples. The Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the difference in IPIs proportions and assess the risk factors associated with IPIs respectively.RESULTS: The overall IPIs cases was 14% (21/150). Cryptosporidium spp was most predominant [5.3% (8/150)], followed by Entamoeba spp [3.3% (5/150)], Cyclospora cayetenensis [2.7% (4/150)], Ascaris lumbricoides [1.3% (2/150)], Giardia lamblia [0.7% (1/150)] and Strongyloides stercoralis [0.7% (1/150)]. Children in rural communities (23.4%) recorded significantly higher case rate compared to those in urban communities (9.8%0), (p=0.04). Lower educational attainment of mother [OR=0.55, 95% CI (0.37 – 0.83), p-value = 0.015] andresidence in rural communities [OR = 0.53, 95% CI (0.33 –0.88)], p-value = 0.025] were significantly associated with IPIs.CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic IPIs are quite prevalent among children under 5 years in the Ho Municipality. The study thus recommends active sensitization programs for parents/guardians on preventive measures and school health programs should be instituted in rural communities.

scholarly journals Detection of brucellosis in cattle and evaluation of risk factors associated with the disease in workers slaughterhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e39710313248
Author(s):  
Thaise Marques Alves ◽  
Poliana de Castro Melo ◽  
Lilia Marcia Paulin Silva ◽  
Nathana Kyolla Santos de Carvalho ◽  
Amora Ferreira Menezes Rios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
State Inspection ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
The State ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
Smooth Strain

Brucellosis is anthropozoonosis caused by Brucella spp. Among the zoonotic species, B. abortus is the main species affecting cattle and can easily be transmitted to humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate, through epidemiological inquiry and serological analysis,  animal and human health as related to smooth strain Brucella spp. in a slaughterhouse located in the southern region of the state of Bahia. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from workers and animals at a slaughterhouse together with the State Inspection Service. Then, the Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen test was performed for animals and humans, the Slow Agglutination Test was performed for humans only; and the Complement Fixation Test and the 2-Mercaptoethanol Brucella Agglutination test (2ME) were performed for animals only. In addition, an epidemiological inquiry was applied to workers in order to assess risk factors for the disease. After data analysis, it was concluded that infection by smooth strains of Brucella spp. was detected in 14.0% of the cattle. Additionally, one worker out 41 tested reactive to the disease.

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