Detection of Quinolones in Commercial Eggs Obtained from Farms in the Espaíllat Province in the Dominican Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MOSCOSO ◽  
F. SOLÍS de los SANTOS ◽  
A. G. ANDINO ◽  
SANDRA DIAZ-SANCHEZ ◽  
I. HANNING
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Test Operation

Previously, we reported the use of quinolones in broiler chickens resulted in residues in retail poultry meat obtained from nine districts in the Santiago Province of the Dominican Republic. Residues in poultry products are a concern due to consumer allergies and the potential to develop antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Given the use of quinolones in poultry production and our previous findings in poultry meat, the objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of quinolone residues in eggs. Samples were collected from 48 different farms located in three of the four municipalities (Moca, Cayetano Germosén, and Jamao) of the Espaíllat Province. Each farm was sampled three times between July and September for a total of 144 samples. Samples were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively for quinolone residues using the Equinox test. Operation systems (cage or floor), seasonality, and location were considered along with egg-producer sizes that were defined as small scale, <30,000 eggs per day; medium scale, 30,000 to 60,000 eggs per day; or large scale, >60,000 eggs per day. From small-, medium-, and large-scale producers, 69, 50, and 40% of samples were positive for quinolone residues, respectively. A greater number of samples were positive (61%) in floor-laying hen producers compared with those using cages (40%). In the Jamao municipality, 67% of the samples were positive compared with Moca and Cayetano Germosén, where 56 and 25% of samples were positive, respectively. Sampling time had an effect on percent positives: samples collected in July, August, and September were 71, 19, and 63% positive, respectively. Overall, 51% of the samples obtained from eggs produced in the province of Espaíllat were positive for quinolone residues at levels higher than the maximum limits for edible tissue established by the regulatory agencies, including the European Union and U.S. Department of Agriculture. The results obtained from this research confirmed the presence of quinolone residue in eggs, which may present a health risk to some consumers.

scholarly journals Theoretical basis of obtaining poultry products of «organic» status

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Klemeshova ◽  
V. A. Reimer ◽  
E. V. Tarabanova ◽  
Z. N. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Feed Costs

The authors considered organic poultry production and presented a qualitative analysis of the diets used in raising broiler chickens. The authors also evaluated the possibility of switching from traditional diets to diets without chemical and microbial synthesis ingredients based on comparative data on the performance and economics of broiler chicken meat production. Organic requirements prohibit the use of microbial and chemical synthesis and genetically modified products in poultry feed. Obtaining large quantities of poultry products in a short period and at an affordable price involves using all kinds of additives that do not allow the products to qualify as organic. Surveys and opinion polls show that a new layer of consumers is today willing to buy organic poultry meat at a higher price. The aim of this work is to evaluate the possibility of producing organic meat from broiler chickens. The research was carried out at the Berdskaya poultry farm, and the test object was broiler chickens of the Iza cross. The age of broiler chickens ranged from one to 40 days old. The authors compared the effectiveness of traditional industrial diets and diets without microbial and chemical synthesis products. During the experiment, live poultry weight, average daily and gross gains, survival, feed costs and cost-effectiveness were considered. In commercial broiler chickens raised on diets without chemical and microbial synthesis ingredients during slaughter, the average live weight was 64.0% lower than that of broiler chickens in the experimental group. The average daily gain of these same broilers was also 52.9% lower. Feed costs per unit of production in industrial broiler chickens increased 1.7 times with the same survival rate of young animals (92.2%). Increasing the rearing period to 70 days resulted in a 1.4-fold increase in feed costs. The level of profitability decreased by 61.2 %, with a decrease in productivity. Increasing the price per kg of meat by 25 50 100 % would increase the profitability level by 22.4 4.7 -133.5 %, respectively, compared to the traditional method.

Salmonella in Chicken: Current and Developing Strategies To Reduce Contamination at Farm Level

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 774-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. VANDEPLAS ◽  
R. DUBOIS DAUPHIN ◽  
Y. BECKERS ◽  
P. THONART ◽  
A. THÉWIS
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Hygienic Measures

Salmonella is a human pathogen that frequently infects poultry flocks. Consumption of raw or undercooked contaminated poultry products can induce acute gastroenteritis in humans. Faced with the public health concerns associated with salmonellosis, the European Union has established a European regulation forcing member states to implement control programs aimed at reducing Salmonella prevalence in poultry production, especially at the primary production level. The purpose of the present review article is to summarize the current research and to suggest future developments in the area of Salmonella control in poultry, which may be of value to the industry in the coming years. The review will focus especially on preventive strategies that have been developed and that aim at reducing the incidence of Salmonella colonization in broiler chickens at the farm level. In addition to the usual preventive hygienic measures, other strategies have been investigated, such as feed and drinking water acidification with organic acids and immune strategies based on passive and active immunity. Modification of the diet by changing ingredients and nutrient composition with the intent of reducing a bird's susceptibility to Salmonella infection also has been examined. Because in ovo feeding accelerates small intestine development and enhances epithelial cell function, this approach could be an efficient tool for controlling enteric pathogens. Feed additives such as antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics that modify the intestinal microflora are part of another field of investigation, and their success depends on the additive used. Other control methods such as the use of chlorate products and bacteriophages also are under study.

scholarly journals Air versus water chilling of chicken: a pilot study of quality, shelf-life, microbial ecology, and economics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeriel D Belk ◽  
Toni Duarte ◽  
Casey Quinn ◽  
David A. Coil ◽  
Keith E. Belk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Meat Industry

Abstract Background. The United States’ large-scale poultry meat industry is energy and water intensive, and opportunities may exist to improve sustainability during the broiler chilling process. After harvest, the internal temperature of the chicken is rapidly cooled to inhibit bacterial growth that would otherwise compromise the safety of the product. This step is accomplished most commonly by water immersion chilling in the United States, while air chilling methods dominate other global markets. A comprehensive understanding of the differences between these chilling methods is lacking. Therefore, we assessed the meat quality, shelf-life, microbial ecology, and technoeconomic impacts of chilling methods on chicken broilers in a university meat laboratory setting. Results. We discovered that air-chilling (AC) methods resulted in superior chicken odor and shelf-life, especially prior to 14 days of dark storage. Moreover, we demonstrated that AC resulted in a more diverse microbiome that we hypothesize may delay the dominance of the spoilage organism Pseudomonas. Finally, a technoeconomic analysis highlighted potential economic advantages to AC when compared to water-chilling (WC) in facility locations where water costs are a more significant factor than energy costs. Conclusions. In this pilot study, AC chilling methods resulted in a superior product compared to WC methods and may have economic advantages in regions of the U.S. where water is expensive. As a next step, a similar experiment should be done in an industrial setting to confirm these results generated in a small-scale university lab facility.

scholarly journals Analysis of chicken production trends in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Fatenok-Tkachuk ◽  
Myroslava Kulynych ◽  
Anna Safarova ◽  
Nadiya Bukalo
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Domestic Products ◽  
Poultry Farming

Poultry farming is one of the most promising areas of production not only in Ukraine but also in the world. This is due to the high demand for protein products and increased consumption. Ukraine does not use enough of its export potential in the agrarian sector. It is precisely these circumstances lead to choosing as the basis for the research the mentioned direction of production by domestic producers.The tendencies of the Ukrainian poultry enterprises development and features of the chicken market are generalized, namely the volume of cultivation and sale on the slaughter of poultry by Ukrainian producers, the cost price and profitability of poultry meat production have been analyzed; the specific features of the products range are defined in all competitor companies and products offered for export. The competitiveness of domestic poultry production in comparison with domestic and foreign analogues has been investigated. For the study the following enterprises as the LLS “Ptahokompleks” Gubin, TM “Pan Kurchak”, slaughter-house “Piorkowscy” and JSC “Superdrop” were taken. It is established that domestic products are competitive both in terms of price and taste properties. The dynamics of export and import of poultry meat in Ukraine and abroad is analyzed. Significant growth of poultry meat export as compared to previous periods has been revealed, which is explained by obtaining permit documents and implementation of measures by domestic producers to bring poultry products closer to international standards. The prospects for the development of the investigated production direction are designed.

scholarly journals 1. Insects – A Natural Nutrient Source for Poultry – A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damian Józefiak ◽  
Agata Józefiak ◽  
Bartosz Kierończyk ◽  
Mateusz Rawski ◽  
Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Poultry Nutrition ◽  
Poultry Diets

Abstract The consumption of poultry meat and eggs is expected to increase considerably in the nearest future, which creates the demand for new poultry feed ingredients in order to support sustainable intensive production. Moreover, the constant improvement of the genetic potential of poultry has resulted in an increased nutrient density in poultry feeds, which limits the possibility to include low quality feed ingredients. Therefore, the feed industry needs new sources of highly digestible protein with a desirable amino acid composition to substitute other valuable but limited protein sources of animal origin, such as fishmeal. With estimated 1.5 to 3 million species, the class of insects harbours the largest species variety in the world including species providing a high protein and sulphur amino acids content, which can be successfully exploited as feed for poultry. The aim of this paper is to review the present state of knowledge concerning the use of insect protein in poultry nutrition and the possibilities of mass production of insects for the feed industry. There is no doubt that insects have an enormous potential as a source of nutrients (protein) and active substances (polyunsaturated fatty acids, antimicrobial peptides) for poultry. It can be concluded, based on many experimental results, that meals from insects being members of the orders Diptera (black soldier fly, housefly), Coleoptera (mealworms) and Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locust, crickets and katylids), may be successfully used as feed material in poultry diets. However, legislation barriers in the European Union, as well as relatively high costs and limited quantity of produced insects are restrictions in the large-scale use of insect meals in poultry nutrition.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of broiler chicken meat after the combined use of antibiotic and oak bark extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4183-4186
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Combined Use

With the increase in consumption of poultry products, the requirements for their quality, especially for nutritional and biological value, also increased. As the experience and scientific achievements of recent years shows, these indicators are quite manageable, that is, you can create products with predetermined properties. The aim was to study the combined use of chlortetracycline and Quercus cortex extract. The quantitative ratios of lipids and fatty acids in poultry meat are the main criteria of its quality, and fatty acids are of great importance. Together with essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, the composition and quantitative content of saturated fatty acids are of great importance in the muscle tissue, it plays an important role in providing the necessary ratio of unsaturated and saturated compounds. Under the influence of chlortetracycline and Quercus cortex extract, ambiguous changes in fatty acid composition are observed; primarily, it is due to changes in enzymatic complex of poultry digestive tract and changes in the intestinal microflora. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that fatty acid composition of broiler chickens can be corrected adding antibiotic in different ratios and concentrations together with Quercus cortex extract.

Cattle

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Ian B. Howie
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Beef Producers ◽  
The Many

Matching production to the markets for meat makes the assumption that individual producers can have an influence on market forces. This may well apply nowadays to some of the very large scale poultry production units but, individually, beef producers can have little if any influence on the marketing scene. Although there are farmers who produce several hundred fat cattle a year, the bulk of the beef produced comes from fairly small scale producers. Much of beef production is on a fairly haphazard basis with little or no recording or budgeting.Nevertheless, small scale producers and feeders who move in and out of the market can exploit local or short-term, favourable, market fluctuations and, with skilful buying and selling, make good profits on a quick turnover. Larger scale producers who have pre-planned fully integrated production systems cannot react as quickly to any great extent to short-term marketing opportunities. I regard marketing as only one of the many variable factors to be taken into account when planning a beef enterprise within a whole farming system, in which it is likely to be one of a number of enterprises which have to be kept in balance.

Detection of Quinolones in Poultry Meat Obtained from Retail Centers in Santiago Province, the Dominican Republic

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. SILFRANY ◽  
R. E. CABA ◽  
F. SOLÍS de LOS SANTOS ◽  
I. HANNING
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Retail Meat ◽  
Per Capita

In the Dominican Republic, poultry consumption per capita is greater than 34 kg of poultry meat per year. However, antibiotics, specifically the quinolone group, may be overused and can result in residues in the poultry meat. These residues are of concern because consumers may have allergies to antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria can develop from overuse of antibiotics in production. Little is known concerning this issue specifically for Santiago Province in the Dominican Republic. Thus, the main purpose of this research was to evaluate the incidence of residual quinolones in poultry meat and determine whether any residues detected were higher than the residue maximum limits (100 μg/kg) established by food industry authorities, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority. A total of 135 samples of chicken breast were taken from different retail meat centers in the nine municipalities of Santiago Province (Santiago, Tamboril, Sabana Iglesia, Villa Bisonó, Puñal, Villa González, Licey, Jánico, and San José De Las Matas) and were analyzed using the Equinox test (Immunotec, Swanton, VT). Of the 135 samples analyzed, 50% from Sabana Iglesia, 20% from Licey, 20% from San Jose De Las Matas, and 6.25% from Santiago contained residues of quinolones higher than the residue maximum limits. No quinolone residues were detected in samples obtained from Janico, Punal, Tamboril, Villa Bisono, or Villa Gonzalez. The results of this investigation suggest that some poultry meat sold for human consumption in Santiago Province of the Dominican Republic contains quinolone residues and may represent a health risk to some consumers.

scholarly journals Air versus water chilling of chicken: a pilot study of quality, shelf-life, microbial ecology, and economics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeriel D Belk ◽  
Toni L Duarte ◽  
Casey Quinn ◽  
David A Coil ◽  
Keith E Belk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Meat Industry

Abstract Background. The United States’ large-scale poultry meat industry is energy and water intensive, and opportunities may exist to improve sustainability during the broiler chilling process. After harvest, the internal temperature of the chicken is rapidly cooled to inhibit bacterial growth that would otherwise compromise the safety of the product. This step is accomplished most commonly by water immersion chilling in the United States, while air chilling methods dominate other global markets. A comprehensive understanding of the differences between these chilling methods is lacking. Therefore, we assessed the meat quality, shelf-life, microbial ecology, and technoeconomic impacts of chilling methods on chicken broilers in a university meat laboratory setting. Results. We discovered that air-chilling (AC) methods resulted in superior chicken odor and shelf-life, especially prior to 14 days of dark storage. Moreover, we demonstrated that AC resulted in a more diverse microbiome that we hypothesize may delay the dominance of the spoilage organism Pseudomonas. Finally, a technoeconomic analysis highlighted potential economic advantages to AC when compared to water-chilling (WC) in facility locations where water costs are a more significant factor than energy costs. Conclusions. In this pilot study, AC chilling methods resulted in a superior product compared to WC methods and may have economic advantages in regions of the U.S. where water is expensive. As a next step, a similar experiment should be done in an industrial setting to confirm these results generated in a small-scale university lab facility.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF BROILER-CHICKENS CULTIVATION AT INCLUSION OF “BISFENOL-5” ANTIOXIDANT IN THE RATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Валентин Шилов ◽  
Valentin Shilov ◽  
Гузалия Хакимова ◽  
Guzaliya Hakimova ◽  
Ольга Семина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Cost

The main task in meat poultry production is to obtain products in a short period of fattening with the minimum feed costs. In economic terms, fodders occupy the largest share in the cost structure of poultry meat. The feed in its composition and properties should satisfy the physiological needs of the chicken, as much as possible, and this, in turn, directly depends on its usefulness and quality. In this regard, the actual issue of feeding is the use of antioxidants to improve the conservation of feed and optimize metabolism in the body of the bird. The inclusion of “Bisfenol-5” antioxidant in full-feed mixed doses in doses of 0.002-0.015% of the feed weight positively affected the growth rate of broiler chickens and feed conversion. The highest effect was obtained with the addition of “Bisfenol-5” in the amount of 0.008% to the compound feed. The use of antioxidant-enriched mixed fodder for growing chicken broilers allowed to increase meat production to 17.5%, to increase feed conversion to 12.1%, to reduce the cost of 1 kg of live weight gain to 6.99 rubles and to improve the efficiency index to 0.2 points.

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