scholarly journals Resilience to Ostracism: A Qualitative Inquiry

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Waldeck ◽  
Ian Tyndall ◽  
Nik Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Experience Pain

Ostracism is a painful event, which may lead to prolonged psychological distress. However, little is known about the mechanisms which may help people recover from such events. This study explored how people who are not chronically ostracised describe processing and coping with ostracism. Using a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 participants (age group: 18-59; 12 female) from different occupational status groups. Thematic analyses revealed four major themes within the data: participants' immediate reaction to ostracism (“reflex”), subsequent reflections (“reflection”), efforts to manage their behaviour (“regulation”), and capacities to cope following ostracism (“adjustment”). Intensity emerged as a superordinate theme whereby the closer the ostraciser was to the participant, the greater the negative impact. The findings suggested that although most people will experience pain or stress following ostracism, it is how such events are reflected upon and managed that will determine when it leads to distress. Furthermore, some people may be resilient to ostracism. However, this resistance may weaken if the ostraciser(s) are considered close to the person.

scholarly journals Meghna riverbank erosion on lives and livelihoods of rural people: impacts and coping strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Halima ◽  
Amima Najnin Maria
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Rural People ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Riverbank Erosion ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Riverbank erosion is one of the most hazardous disaster types for Bangladesh. It has both a direct and a negative impact on people and their livelihoods. This study aims to explore the impacts of Meghna riverbank erosion and the coping strategies that have been adopted by the affected people to combat this calamity, considering four unions under Matlab Uttar of Chadpur District. The findings reveal that the occupational status, income and expenditure of the affected people have changed due to erosion. Ninety-one percent of the respondents’ houses were fully damaged and 48% of them are living in shelter houses. The results also show that a large portion of the affected populace lost their assets and most of them are suffering from psychological distress. Around 87% of people borrowed money to cope with this hazard, and a strict law against sand dredging is recommended as one of the effective strategies to prevent Meghna river bank erosion.

Trust formation in information systems implementation in developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust Relationships ◽  
Trust Formation ◽  
Information Systems Implementation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand the trust formation expectations of stakeholders in the implementation of information and communications technology for development (ICT4D) projects. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a qualitative methodology inspired by a critical approach. It uses a thematic analysis approach, and draws the results using a constant comparison method. It is guided by the Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practices. This is an empirical study that uses semi-structured interviews for the data collection. Findings Lack of an integrated view of emancipatory expectations has a negative impact on the trust levels of stakeholders. An integrated view of emancipation has physical, moral and social dimensions. Originality/value The study brings forth the concept of entry point activities (EPAs). To the author’s knowledge, this is the first application of this concept in ICT4D research. EPAs can be used to develop trust relationships between the stakeholders of ICT4D projects.

scholarly journals Exploring the origins of burnout among secondary educators

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Van Tonder ◽  
Colette Williams
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Secondary Educators ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Rich Data ◽  
Context Specific

Orientation: Maslach and Leiter (1997) have suggested that burnout constitutes an erosion of the soul. Burnout is a non-discriminatory phenomenon with a pronounced negative impact on the individual employee and the organisation and is particularly prevalent among educators.Research purpose: This study aimed to explore the probable reasons for burnout among secondary educators. Study motivation: Several South African studies have focused on the phenomenon of burnout among educators but the probable reasons for burnout in this population have not yet received adequate attention. This study extended earlier international research that probed this facet.Research design, approach and method: A mixed-methods design with a predominantly qualitative methodology was employed to explore the probable reasons for burnout among 59 educators from three urban secondary schools in Gauteng, South Africa. Data comprised Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey protocols and rich data work descriptions. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the f ve participants who tested highest on the burnout indicators.Main findings: The results indicated that a negative learner profile and workload were the most frequently cited reasons for potential burnout.Practical/managerial implications: Burnout requires considered attention and aggressive context-specific intervention to contain its negative impact on both the educator and the student learning experience.

scholarly journals Mental Health Conditions of Italian Healthcare Professionals During the Covid-19 Disease Outbreak. PUBLISHED ARTICLE: https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12239

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Bettinsoli ◽  
Daniela Di Riso ◽  
Jaime Napier ◽  
Lorenzo Moretti ◽  
Pierfrancesco Bettinsoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
And Coping

Background–The pandemic of COVID-19 in Italy represents a unique threat in terms of psychological distress, especially among healthcare professionals. This study represents a first attempt to investigate both the psychological states and coping strategies of Italian healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Importantly, we assessed psychological distress and coping strategies regarding two phases, pre-COVID (asking participants to retrospectively recall their state in December 2019) and during the time of survey, which was in the midst of the COVID emergency outbreak (March-April 2020).Methods–Self-administered questionnaires were distributed online to healthcare professionals of different Italian regions from March 26 to April 9, 2020. The questionnaire included three main sections measuring changes in psychological states, coping strategies and demographic variables. Two linear regression models were run to analyze variations in both general health and infection-risk perception depending on changes in psychological states, coping strategies, personality trait, and demographic variables.Results– Altogether, the direct exposure to the virus and a negative impact of the COVID-19 emergency outbreak on contextual psychological functioning contribute to the deterioration of physical and mental health, which may lead to severe future consequences for Italian healthcare workers, if not provided immediately with an effective support program. Conclusions– Both immediate and long-term monitoring psychological assistance services for healthcare workers should be implemented by local and national institutions to reestablish psychological well-being and enhance self-confidence and resilience of Italian hospital personnel. These intervention programs should especially target women, and professionals at their first steps into the hospital job.

Algorithmic transparency and bureaucratic discretion: The case of SALER early warning system

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-470
Author(s):  
J. Ignacio Criado ◽  
Julián Valero ◽  
Julián Villodre
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Regional Administration ◽  
Documentary Analysis

The governance of public sector organizations has been challenged by the growing adoption and use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and algorithms. Algorithmic transparency, conceptualized here using the dimensions of accessibility and explainability, fosters the appraisal of algorithms’ footprint in decisions of public agencies, and should include impacts on civil servants’ work. However, although discretion will not disappear, AI innovations might have a negative impact on how public employees support their decisions. This article is intended to answer the following research questions: RQ1. To what extent algorithms affect discretionary power of civil servants to make decisions?RQ2. How algorithmic transparency can impact discretionary power of civil servants? To do so, we analyze SALER, a case based on a set of algorithms focused on the prevention of irregularities in the Valencian regional administration (GVA), Spain, using a qualitative methodology supported on semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Among the results of the study, our empirical work suggests the existence of a series of factors that might be linked to the positive impacts of algorithms on the work and discretionary power of civil servants. Also, we identify different pathways for achieving algorithmic transparency, such as the involvement of civil servants in active development, or auditing processes being recognized by law, among others.

scholarly journals Percepción de adultos mayores chilenos en relación a la salud y el ejercicio físico en pandemia Covid-19 (Perception of Chilean older adults in relation to health and physical exercise in pandemic Covid-19)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 947-957
Author(s):  
Aquiles Alejandro Almonacid-Fierro ◽  
Manuel Alberto Almonacid Fierro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Sanitary Authority

  El propósito de este artículo es comprender el significado que le otorgan adultos mayores de la zona central de Chile al periodo de la pandemia Covid-19 respecto a la salud y al ejercicio físico. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, la investigación se inscribe en la perspectiva del paradigma interpretativo-comprensivo, a través de metodología cualitativa. Se entrevistó a 17 adultos mayores en dos ocasiones, año 2020 año 2021, las entrevistas se realizaron vía Skipe o video llamada producto de las restricciones impuestas por la autoridad sanitaria, para evitar el contacto físico con los entrevistados. Los hallazgos del estudio dicen relación con los efectos adversos en términos psicosociales, que ha experimentado la población de adultos mayores producto del confinamiento, por otro lado, a pesar de la pandemia, los adultos mayores han mantenido hábitos saludables. En conclusión, se propone profundizar en estudios que permitan mostrar el impacto negativo del encierro en los adultos mayores y de esta manera influir para que el Estado asuma una mejor dirección en las políticas públicas dirigidas a este grupo etario. Abstract. The purpose of this article is to understand the meaning given by elderly adults in central Chile to the period of the Covid-19 pandemic concerning health and physical exercise. From the methodological perspective, the research is inscribed in the perspective of the interpretative-comprehensive paradigm, through the qualitative methodology. Seventeen seniors were interviewed on two occasions; the year 2020, the year 2021, the interviews were performed via Skype or video call due to the restrictions imposed by the sanitary authority, to avoid physical contact with the interviewees. The results of the study are related to the adverse effects in psychosocial terms that the elderly population has experienced as a result of the confinement, oppositely, despite the pandemic, the seniors have maintained healthy lifestyles. In conclusion, this study proposes further studies to show the negative impact of confinement on elderly adults and, as follows, influence the State to assume a better direction in public policies aimed at this age group.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Coping in the Shadow of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Israeli Case

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mally Shechory Bitton ◽  
Avital Laufer
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
And Coping

The COVID-19 pandemic caught the entire world off guard. Israel, similar to all other nations, was forced to cope with the unknown. “Flattening the curve” of infections has become a common term among specialists and decision makers, while explaining restricting measurements taken toward the population. Israelis, who had previously learned to deal with life under constant security threat, are now facing a new reality. The purpose of the study was to check how Israelis are psychologically affected by and coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 925 Israelis divided into three groups: ages 18–29, 30–59, and 60–88. The data were collected between March 31 and April 8, 2020, when it was already clear that this is a global plague, the country's borders were closed, and the government's directive for citizens was to remain at home while imposing limitations on the public and private sectors. The current study examined psychological distress among the three age groups as well as the associations between levels of distress, resilience, and coping strategies. Levels of distress were measured via the BSI-18 that measures anxiety, depression, and somatization. Resilience was measured using the Connor-Davidson CD-RISC scale. Coping was measured by the short version of the COPE. Psychological distress was associated with being in a younger age group, being a woman, having economic concerns, use of emotion and problem focused coping, and lower resilience. The study also found that concern for the health of family members was the strongest concern among all age groups but was highest among the younger age group. It was also found that those in the younger age group suffered from higher levels of depression, anxiety, and somatization compared to the older age group. The middle age group suffered from elevated levels of anxiety and somatization compared to the older age group. Although the older age group was the most vulnerable to the coronavirus, in this study age was found to be a protective factor from psychological distress. The results of the study suggest the need to consider the younger age group as a risk group, which hence needs to be addressed as the focus of intervention programs. It appears that the concern for their loved ones takes a heavy toll on the younger generation, and this should be considered a major source of stress.

Peregrinação Acadêmica: A mulher Romeira do Bom Jesus da Lapa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Célia Coelho Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Part

This work is the result of the doctoral thesis entitled Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa: Social Reproduction of the Family and Female Gender Identity, specifically the second chapter that talks about women in the Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa, emphasizing gender relations, analyzing the location of the pilgrimage as a social reproduction of the patriarchal family and female gender identity. The research scenario is the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, which has been held for 329 years, in that city, located in the West part of Bahia. The research participants are pilgrim women who are in the age group between 50 and 70 years old and have participated, for more than five consecutive years in the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, belonging to five Brazilian states (Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Goiás) that register a higher frequency of attendance at this religious event. We used bibliographic, qualitative, field and documentary research and data collection as our methodology; we applied participant observation and semi-structured interviews as a technique. We concluded that the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage is a location for family social reproduction and the female gender identity, observing a contrast in the resignification of the role and in the profile of the pilgrim women from Bom Jesus da Lapa, alternating between permanence and the transformation of gender identity coming from patriarchy.

scholarly journals Telling Our Stories: Resilience during Resettlement for African Skilled Migrants in Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3954
Author(s):  
Lillian Mwanri ◽  
Leticia Anderson ◽  
Kathomi Gatwiri
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
African Migrants ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Resilience Factors

Background: Emigration to Australia by people from Africa has grown steadily in the past two decades, with skilled migration an increasingly significant component of migration streams. Challenges to resettlement in Australia by African migrants have been identified, including difficulties securing employment, experiences of racism, discrimination and social isolation. These challenges can negatively impact resettlement outcomes, including health and wellbeing. There has been limited research that has examined protective and resilience factors that help highly skilled African migrants mitigate the aforementioned challenges in Australia. This paper discusses how individual and community resilience factors supported successful resettlement Africans in Australia. The paper is contextualised within a larger study which sought to investigate how belonging and identity inform Afrodiasporic experiences of Africans in Australia. Methods: A qualitative inquiry was conducted with twenty-seven (n = 27) skilled African migrants based in South Australia, using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Participants were not directly questioned about ‘resilience,’ but were encouraged to reflect critically on how they navigated the transition to living in Australia, and to identify factors that facilitated a successful resettlement. Results: The study findings revealed a mixture of settlement experiences for participants. Resettlement challenges were observed as barriers to fully meeting expectations of emigration. However, there were significant protective factors reported that supported resilience, including participants’ capacities for excellence and willingness to work hard; the social capital vested in community and family support networks; and African religious and cultural values and traditions. Many participants emphasised their pride in their contributions to Australian society as well as their desire to contribute to changing narratives of what it means to be African in Australia. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that despite challenges, skilled African migrants’ resilience, ambition and determination were significant enablers to a healthy resettlement in Australia, contributing effectively to social, economic and cultural expectations, and subsequently meeting most of their own migration intentions. These findings suggest that resilience factors identified in the study are key elements of integration.

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