scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS LIMITING COTTON FIBER QUALITY IN TURKEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Seyhan YASAR ◽  
Emine KARADEMIR
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Mature Group ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality ◽  
Fiber Maturity

This study aims to determine the variation of fiber quality in cotton varieties produced in the Southeastern Anatolia Region and Sanliurfa, Diyarbakir provinces. 1090 fiber samples were obtained from 6 cotton varieties (Lima, Stoneville 468, Candia and Babylon for Sanliurfa, Lima, Stoneville 468, Lodos and Gloria for Diyarbakir) collected from ginning factories in Sanliurfa and Diyarbakir. Statistical analyzes were done with HVI device and obtained data were analyzed by using Excel and TOTEMSTAT programs. In the frequency distribution, cotton varieties of the region are in the medium and long fiber group in terms of fiber length. They were in the medium (only two samples), strong and very strong group in terms of fiber strength. They were generally in the medium and thick group in terms of fiber fineness (micronaire). In terms of fiber uniformity index, the majority of the fibers were in the middle group. In terms of short fiber index, most of the fibers were in the very low and low groups. The majority of the samples were in the high and medium group in terms of fiber elongation, in the mature and very mature group in terms of fiber maturity. In terms of spinning consistency index (SCI) 59,2% of the fibers were between 119,41 and 135,83; 31,3% of them, were between 135,83 and 152,24, 58,2% of the material has a reflectance value of 74 and above. All materials were in white and light-yellow groups in terms of yellowness. It has been observed that the majority of the fibers (66%) are in the low group in terms of trash count. The results obtained from the study of cotton produce of Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey has shown that good fiber quality and to meet the demand of textile industry.

Measurement comparison of cotton fiber micronaire and its components by portable near infrared spectroscopy instruments

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Rodgers ◽  
Jimmy Zumba ◽  
Chanel Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality ◽  
Fiber Processing ◽  
Universal Nature

Micronaire is a key cotton fiber quality assessment property, and changes in fiber micronaire can impact fiber processing and dyeing consistency. Micronaire is a function of two fiber components—maturity and fineness. Historically, micronaire is measured in a laboratory under tightly controlled environmental conditions. There is increased interest by the cotton and textile industry to measure key fiber properties both in the laboratory and in-field (non-controlled conditions), using small portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy instruments. A program was implemented to determine the feasibility of using portable NIR instruments to monitor fiber micronaire, maturity, and fineness. Prior to outside the laboratory measurements (field, warehouse, etc.), laboratory feasibility was performed to assess the NIR instruments’ capabilities. Comparative evaluations for fiber micronaire, maturity, and fineness were performed on three portable NIR instruments. Instrumental, sampling, and operational procedures and protocols for each instrument were established. Although representing different measurement technologies, very good spectral agreement was observed between the portable NIR instruments and a bench-top NIR unit used as a comparison. Rapid (less than 3 minutes per sample), easy to use, and accurate measurements of fiber micronaire and maturity were achieved, with regressions ( R values) greater than 0.85, low residuals, and a low number of outliers observed for each NIR instrument. Improvements are required for the accurate measurement of fiber fineness by portable NIR instruments. Thus, for well-defined cotton fiber samples, the universal nature of the NIR measurement of cotton fiber micronaire and maturity by portable NIR instruments was validated.

scholarly journals Comparison of The Fiber Characteristics of the Some Cotton Varieties Ginned by Using Sawgin and Rollergin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-952
Author(s):  
Sevtap Kartal ◽  
Lale Efe
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Consistency Index ◽  
Fiber Analysis ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Positive Effect

In this study carried out in 2015 under conditions of Kahramanmaraş province of Turkey, it was aimed at determining the effects of sawgin and rollergin methods on fiber quality in some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. In the study varieties of Lydia, Carisma, PG 2018, Flash, BA 440, BA 119 Maraş-92 and Erşan-92 were used as experimental materials. The trial was established according to factorial randomized block design with four replications. Seed cottons obtained from the trial were ginned in the rollergin and sawgin machines. In the obtained lint cotton samples, a number of fiber characteristics were determined by using HVI and AFIS fiber analysis devices. Ginnig outturn (38.6%), fiber length (30.21 mm), uniformity index (86.02%), fiber strength (31.76 g tex-1), spinning consistency index (SCI) (104.68) determined by using rollergin system were found higher than ones determined by using sawgin system (respectivelly 37.2%, 29.78 mm, 84.61%, 30.97 g tex-1, 94.50). Short fiber index (3.47%) and nep count (59.40 number g-1) obtained from rollergin system were found lower than ones obtained from sawgin system (respectivelly 4.38% and 119.34 number g-1). As a result it can be said that the rollergin method has positive effect on ginnig outturn, fiber length, uniformity index, fiber strength, spinning consistency index, short fiber index and nep count. When fiber length, fiber strength, spinning consistency index, nep size are considered together the best variety was Lydia cv. (respectivelly 30.87 mm, 32.56 g tex-1, 104.25, 675.63 μm). Ginning outturn, uniformity index, short fiber index, total particule number, dust particule number and trash count are considered together the best variety was Erşan-92 cv. (respectivelly 39.4%, 86.02%, 3.48%, 231.4 number g-1, 206.3 number g-1, 25.13 number g-1). For fiber fineness the best varieties were BA 119 and Maraş-92 cv. (respectivelly 4.78 mic. and 4.80 mic.).

Transcriptome analysis reveals genes potentially related to high fiber strength in a Gossypium hirsutum line IL9 with Gossypium mustelinum introgression

Genome ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qi Chen ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Sameer Khanal ◽  
Jinlei Han ◽  
Mi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Introgression Line ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Go Enrichment ◽  
Annotation Information ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality

Cotton (Gossypium L.) is the most important fiber crop worldwide. Here, transcriptome analysis was conducted on developing fibers of a G. mustelinum introgression line, IL9, and its recurrent parent, PD94042, at 17 and 21 days post-anthesis (dpa). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PD94042 and IL9 were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the annotated DEGs were rich in two main biological processes and two main molecular functions. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis likewise showed that the annotated DEGs were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In total, 52 DEGs were selected as candidate genes based on comparison of the DEGs and GO function annotation information. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis results for 12 randomly selected DEGs were consistent with transcriptome analysis. SNP identification based on G. mustelinum chromatin segment introgression showed that 394 SNPs were identified in 268 DEGs, and two genes with known functions were identified within fiber strength quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions or near the confidence intervals. We identified 52 key genes potentially related to high fiber strength in a G. mustelinum introgression line and provided significant insights into the study of cotton fiber quality improvement.

Transplanting improves the allometry and fiber quality of Bt cotton in cotton–wheat cropping system

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asghar Shah ◽  
Mubshar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad ◽  
Khawar Jabran ◽  
Sami Ul-Allah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Fiber Fineness

AbstractIn cotton–wheat cropping system of Pakistan, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is harvested in late April; however, the optimum sowing time of Bt cotton is mid-March. This indicates a time difference of 4–6 weeks between the harvest of wheat and cotton sowing. It is hypothesized that this overlapping period may be managed by transplanting cotton seedlings (30–45 days old) in late April, after the harvest of wheat due to better performance of already established seedlings. To this end, this study was conducted to evaluate the allometric traits and fiber quality of transplanted Bt cotton after harvesting wheat in the cotton–wheat cropping system. The Bt cotton–wheat cropping systems were flat sown wheat (FSW)–conventionally tilled cotton, FSW–zero tilled cotton, ridge sown wheat–ridge transplanted cotton using 30- and 45-days-old seedlings, and bed sown wheat (BSW)–bed transplanted cotton (BTC) also using 30- and 45-days-old seedlings. The study was conducted at Vehari and Multan in Punjab, Pakistan. Bt cotton in BSW–BTC with 45-days-old seedlings showed better performance for allometric (leaf area index; (LAI), net assimilation rate; (NAR), and crop growth rate; (CGR)), seed cotton yield, and fiber traits (fiber uniformity, fiber length, fiber strength, and fiber fineness) in comparison to other treatments. Most of the fiber quality traits were positively correlated with allometric traits and biological yield (dry matter yield at maturity) at both locations, except correlations of CGR and LAI with fiber fineness and fiber length and NAR with fiber length. As plant growth and fiber quality of transplanted cotton was significantly higher than conventionally grown cotton, our data indicate transplanting is an interesting management practice for improving productivity in wheat–cotton cropping systems.

Spindle Diameter Effects for Cotton Pickers

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Baker ◽  
Chris D. Delhom ◽  
Sidney Edward Hughs
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Foreign Matter ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality ◽  
Usda Agricultural Research

Abstract. There is concern that changes to the operating speed and size of spindles on cotton picker harvesters over the years have resulted in a general decrease in cotton fiber quality, especially spindle twists, preparation, and neps. Previous research showed that spindle speeds of 3000 and 4000 rpm had more detrimental effects on cotton fiber quality than a spindle speed of 2000 rpm. Field tests were conducted for the 2011, 2012, and 2013 crop years by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Research Laboratory in Mesilla Park, New Mexico. Three cotton varieties were grown each year under irrigated conditions near Las Cruces, New Mexico, and harvested with cotton pickers equipped with spindles having diameters of 1.27, 1.43, and 1.59 cm (1/2, 9/16, and 5/8 in.), using a ground speed of 0.85 m s-1 (1.9 mi h-1). Spindle speeds were 2000 rpm in each case. Pickers with larger spindle diameters had lower stalk loss and sometimes had lower foreign matter levels in the seed cotton as well as in the ginned lint. These foreign matter levels significantly affected HVI foreign matter content and leaf grade. HVI classing data other than foreign matter content and related leaf grade showed no significant differences among spindle diameter treatments. AFIS nep count, short fiber content, trash count, dust count, and seed coat nep count showed no significant differences due to spindle diameter treatments or interactions. Results from ring spinning mini-tests, including skein breaking strength, skein count, skein count-strength product (CSP), yarn strength, yarn elongation, neps, thick places, and thin places also showed no significant differences due to spindle diameter. Based on these results, the picker unit with 1.59 cm (5/8 in.) spindles was optimal, but differences in performance were not large. Keywords: Fiber quality, Harvesting.

Effects of cultural system (organic and conventional) on growth and fiber quality of two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Bilalis ◽  
Sotiria Patsiali ◽  
Anestis Karkanis ◽  
Aristidis Konstantas ◽  
Marios Makris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Fiber Fineness

AbstractOrganic cotton is a new industrial crop product. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of cultural systems and varieties on the growth, fiber quality and yield components of cotton crop (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The experiments, conducted during 2006 and 2007, were laid out in a split plot design with four replicates, two main plots (organic and conventional system) and two sub-plots (cotton varieties: Athena and Campo). There were no significant differences between the organic and conventional system for cotton growth, yield and fiber quality. The results suggest that the soil N released from both the inorganic (80:40:40 kg ha−1 N:P2O5:K2O) and organic pool (green manure) were sufficient to maintain good growth. Inferior-quality fiber was produced in the variety. Campo, which had the lowest fiber fineness (micronaire), strength, length and reflection. In addition, this variety had the highest fiber elongation and yellowness. There were no significant differences between varieties as far as uniformity and leaf trash ratio are concerned. A positive correlation was observed between fiber strength and length. However, a negative correlation was found between lint yield and fiber strength.

scholarly journals Effects of variable-row-spacing harvesting picker platform scraping plates on cotton fiber quality and quantity

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Cíntia Michele De Campos Baraviera ◽  
Renildo Luiz Mion ◽  
Hiago Henrique Rocha Zanetoni ◽  
Nayra Fernandes Aguero ◽  
Renato Tillmann Bassini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality ◽  
Harvest Efficiency ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Harvesting Costs

There have been increasing demands for high-quality cotton fibers that meet the textile industry quality standards. Concurrently, there have been efforts to reduce contaminants during harvesting to reduce harvesting costs. The goal of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of the picker platform with Variable-Row-Spacing (VRS) for harvesting cotton in narrow rows, over two harvest seasons in two regions within the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. In this study, how the presence vs. absence of scraping plates and variations in travel speed was related to quantifiable levels of impurities the harvested fibers was examined. The research was divided into three experiments (Exp. I, II, and III), using cotton varieties FM 975 WS, IMA 5672 B2 RF, and IMA 5675 B2 RF, with row spacing of 0.45 m. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 ? 3 factorial design, using the presence/absence of the plate and three speeds (0.61, 1.0, and 1.42 m·s-¹), with seven repetitions, totaling 42 experimental plots. The plot size was 108 m² (3.6 ? 30 m). The data were analyzed using the F test in ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test (p < 0.05). The results showed that scraping plates increased the number of stems and cones, and reduced the harvest efficiency of cotton planted in narrow rows in the region of Sorriso-MT during the 2013/2014 harvest. For the 2014/2015 harvest, the highest speed and the presence of the scraping plates increased the number of cones in the cotton samples. In the experiment conducted in Serra da Petrovina, the removal of the scraping plates decreased the amount of cones in the harvested cotton.

scholarly journals Use of Pressured-Air for Cotton Lint Cleaning

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ruixiu Sui
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Mechanical Contact ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality

Saw-type lint cleaner (STLC) was most efficient lint cleaner in cotton ginning. However, STLC damaged fiber quality. An air-bar lint cleaner (ABLC) was developed and evaluated to preserve cotton fiber quality. The ABLC used pressurized-air to remove non-lint materials from cotton fiber. During lint cleaning process, non-lint materials attached to the fiber were blown off the fiber without the fiber making aggressive mechanical contact with a grid bar in conventional saw-type lint cleaner (STLC). It was expected using this concept that the fiber quality could be preserved by reducing the damage from mechanical impact of the fiber against the grid bar. Preliminary testing of the ABLC prototype showed that ABLC generated less lint waste and had a higher turnout rate than STLC. Use of ABLC could save 2.8 kg of lint in each 225 kg bale of cotton. The High Volume Instrument (HVI) analysis indicated the fiber properties in fiber length, uniformity, short fiber content, and color were not significantly different between ABLC and STLC. However, the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS) tests showed STLC had better performance than ABLC in fiber length and short fiber content while the trash and dust content with ABLC was lower than the STLC. More research was necessary to further prove the concept of ABLC and improve its performance in preserving cotton fiber quality.

scholarly journals Variabilidade genética e coeficiente de determinação em genótipos de algodoeiro quanto a qualidade da fibra

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. C. Bonifácio ◽  
F. M. Mundim ◽  
L. B. Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Feature Variability ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Fiber Maturity

O algodão é a mais importante fibra têxtil do mundo e a sua qualidade é o que garante o retorno investido pelo produtor. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade genética entre 22 genótipos de algodoeiro de fibra branca do Programa de Melhoramento Genético do Algodoeiro, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, quanto a qualidade da fibra e determinar o coeficiente de determinação genotípico dos caracteres. O experimento foi realizado na fazenda Capim Branco, em Uberlândia-MG, na safra 2012/2013. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Avaliou-se 20 genótipos de algodoeiro. Com o auxílio do aparelho High Volume Instrument, determinou-se o índice de consistência a fiação, índice micronaire, maturidade da fibra, comprimento da fibra, uniformidade de comprimento, índice de fibras curtas, resistência, alongamento, reflectância e grau de amarelecimento. As linhagens do Programa de Melhoramento genético do Algodoeiro da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, com exceção da UFUJP13-17 e UFUJP13-20, atendem as exigências da indústria têxtil e apresentam variabilidade suficiente para seguir no processo de melhoramento. A variação entre os genótipos foi em maior parte de natureza genética, com coeficiente de determinação acima de 80%.Genetic variability and coefficient of determination in cotton genotypes as the quality of the fiberAbstract: Cotton is the most important textile fiber in the world and its quality is what ensures the return invested by the producer. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability among 22 genotypes of cotton fiber white of the Program of Genetic Improvement of Cotton, from the Federal University of Uberlandia, as fiber quality and determine the coefficient of determination of genotypic characters. The experiment was carried out on the farm Capim Branco, in Uberlandia, MG, in season 2012/2013. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Evaluated 20 cotton genotypes. With the aid of the appliance High Volume Instrument, it was determined that the index of consistency the wiring, index micronaire, fiber maturity, fiber length, length uniformity index of short fibers, strength, elongation, reflectance and degree of yellowing. The lines of the Program of genetic improvement of cotton from the Federal University of Uberlandia, with the exception of UFUJP13-17 and UFUJP13-20, meet the requirements of the textile industry and feature variability sufficient to follow in the process of improvement. The variation between the genotypes was in most of nature genetics, with coefficient of determination above 80 %.

scholarly journals Change Of Cotton Fiber Quality Indicators Under Technological Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 241-249
Author(s):  
Mirjamol Mirkarimovich Mirxojaev ◽  
◽  
Dilmuhammad Davronbek Ogli Atambayev ◽  
Ismoiljon Isroiljon Ogli Lutfillaev ◽  
Jamshidbek Maripjon Ogli Jurayev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Optimal Variant ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Cotton Fiber Quality ◽  
Fiber Maturity

In this article, the quality indicators of fiber under the influence of various technological processes of Sultan selection cotton were determined and the optimal variant of the technological process for production was recommended. Basic expressions tangled fiber, cortical fiber, knot, staple mass length, specific tensile strength, fiber maturity.

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