scholarly journals Secondary physical education, participation by sex in moderate to vigorous physical activity (Educación física en secundaria, participación por sexo en actividad física moderada a vigorosa)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
Javier Arturo Hall-López
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Education Participation ◽  
Para Determinar

Abstract. Objective: To compare by sex the participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity in secondary school physical education classes. Method: The research design was comparative descriptive, with convenience sampling, 188 adolescents with an average age of 12.5 ± 0.7 enrolled in public secondary schools in the city of Mexicali, Baja California participated. Mexico. The system for observing fitness and instruction time (SOFIT) was used to determine the moderate to vigorous physical activity of 47 physical education classes. Results: The equality of the variance was calculated by the Student t test for independent samples less than α≤ 0.05; finding significant differences of participation in vigorous moderate physical activity lower in women than in men during physical education class (P-Value = .002) with a difference percentage of 32.5 (Δ%) between men and women. Conclusion: In a constructive way, it is recommended to take pedagogical actions with cooperative and simultaneous participation of students in moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 50% of class time, and guide educational content to involve students in the movement both genders, as established by UNESCO to provide quality physical education. Resumen. Objetivo: Comparar por sexo la participación en actividad física moderada a vigorosa en clases de educación física de secundaria. Método: El diseño de la investigación fue descriptivo comparativo, con muestreo por conveniencia, participaron 188 adolescentes de una edad promedio de 12.5±0.7 matriculados en secundarias públicas de la ciudad de Mexicali, Baja California. México. Se utilizó como instrumento de evaluación el Sistema para observar el tiempo de instrucción de actividad física (SOFIT), para determinar la actividad física moderada a vigorosa de 47 clases de educación física. Resultados: La igualdad de la varianza se calculó mediante la prueba t-Student para muestras independientes resultando por sexo menor a α≤ 0.05; encontrando diferencias significativas de participación en actividad física moderada vigorosa menores en mujeres que en hombre durante la clase de educación física (P-Valor=.002) con un porcentaje de diferencia de 32.5 (Δ%) entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusión: De manera constructiva, se recomienda tomar acciones pedagógicas con participación cooperativa y simultanea de los estudiantes en actividad física moderada a vigorosa por lo menos el 50% del tiempo de la clase, y guiar contenidos educativos para involucrar en el movimiento a los estudiantes de ambos géneros, como lo establece la UNESCO para brindar una educación física de calidad.

Physical activity levels during adventure-physical education lessons

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Gehris ◽  
Elizabeth Myers ◽  
Robert Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
The Mean

Adventure-physical education has been proposed to promote adolescents’ physical development, but little is known about physical activity levels during such lessons. Using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time, we observed students’ (ages 11–14 years) physical activity levels in co-educational classes during 43 adventure-physical education lessons at seven public schools. The mean percentage (±SD) of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was 28.3% (±16.3%). The greatest percentage of lesson time was spent in two activities—high elements (24.1% ± 36.5%) and initiatives (22.3% ± 32.4%). When data were aggregated across all lessons, 40.0% of the time in high elements and 13.7% of the time in initiatives was spent in MVPA. Of all MVPA time, 31.5% occurred in high elements and another 12.6% in initiatives. Compared with traditional physical education lessons, less time is spent in MVPA during adventure lessons. Efforts to increase MVPA should target high elements and initiative activities.

Children’s Heart Rates during Physical Education Lessons: A Review

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Physically Active

Physical educators have purported to teach children to be physically active and to promote their fitness. To achieve these goals, children should regularly experience moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during physical education lessons. For the purposes of this review, moderate physical activity is that which elicits a heart rate of 50% of maximum heart rate reserve (MHRR), moderate-to-vigorous activity elicits 60% of MHRR, and vigorous activity elicits 75% of MHRR. Duration criteria were set at 50% of lesson time or 20 min. The majority of lessons described in previous reports failed to achieve these criteria, although problems were noted in method and analyses of data. Lessons with physical activity as a direct goal have been successful in increasing MVPA. A greater focus on physical activity is required in the planning and delivery of physical education lessons if the physical activity and fitness goals of the physical education curriculum are to be met.

Physical Activity and Environmental Influences during Secondary School Physical Education

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bik C. Chow ◽  
Thomas L. McKenzie ◽  
Lobo Louie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Movement Skills ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Trained Observers ◽  
The U.S

Physical activity engagement during physical education is important for many reasons, including developing physical fitness and movement skills and promoting health. Much more is known about physical activity in elementary than secondary schools. We examined physical activity and how it was influenced by instructor-related and environmental characteristics during 238 lessons taught by 65 physical education specialists in 30 randomly selected secondary schools in Hong Kong. Trained observers used SOFIT (System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time) in randomly selected grade 7–12 classes over a 6-month period. Results showed students engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) about 35% of lesson time, a level similar to that found in U.S. elementary schools and short of the U.S. Healthy People 2010 objective of 50% engagement time. Multiple regression analyses found that six potentially modifiable variables contributed to 35% of the variability in lesson MVPA percent.

Identifying and Quantifying the Unintended Variability in Common Systematic Observation Instruments to Measure Youth Physical Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Weaver ◽  
Aaron Beighle ◽  
Heather Erwin ◽  
Michelle Whitfield ◽  
Michael W. Beets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Observation Instruments ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Child Observation

Background: Direct observation protocols may introduce variability in physical activity estimates. Methods: Thirty-five physical education lessons were video recorded and coded using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT). A multistep process examined variability in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA%; walking + vigorous/total scans). Initially, per-SOFIT protocol MVPA% (MVPA%SOFIT) estimates were produced for each lesson. Second, true MVPA% (mean MVPA% of all students using all observations, MVPA%true) estimates were calculated. Third, MVPA% (MVPA%perm) was calculated based on all permutations of students and observation order. Fourth, physical education lessons were divided into 2 groups with 5 lessons from each group randomly selected 10,000 times. Group MVPA%perm differences between the 10 selected lessons were compared with the MVPA%true difference between group 1 and group 2. Results: Across all lessons, 10,212,600 permutations were possible (average 291,789 combinations per lesson; range = 73,440–570,024). Across lessons, the average absolute difference between MVPA%true and MVPA%SOFIT estimates was ±4.8% (range = 0.1%–17.5%). Permutations, based on students selected and observation order, indicated that the mean range of MVPA%perm estimates was 41.6% within a lesson (range = 29.8%–55.9%). Differences in MVPA% estimates between the randomly selected groups of lessons varied by 32.0%. Conclusion: MVPA% estimates from focal child observation should be interpreted with caution.

RESEARCH NOTE: Physical Activity Levels in Elementary-School Physical Education: A Comparison of Swimming and Nonswimming Classes

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Stefanie Verstraete ◽  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Education Class ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Elementary Physical Education ◽  
Education Class ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Preliminary Study

The main goal of the current study was to compare physical activity levels during swimming and nonswimming elementary physical education classes. We conducted a preliminary study and found that the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) could be used to register physical activity engagement levels in swimming classes. Thirty-nine classes, involving 8- to 12-year olds, participated in one swimming and one nonswimming physical education class. Classes were videotaped and physical activity levels for 234 students were quantified using SOFIT. Students engaged in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during swimming classes than during nonswimming classes. As a consequence, we advocate the inclusion of swimming lessons in physical education. Because the average engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was lower than the recommended 50% in 41% of swimming classes and in 77% of the nonswimming classes, however, comprehensive efforts are needed to increase physical activity levels during both types of elementary physical education classes.

Caracterização dos comportamentos de ensino, contexto de aula e atividade física em dois programas distintos de educação física (Caracterización de los comportamientos docentes, el contexto del aula y la actividad física en dos programas de educación físi

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Francisca Gois ◽  
Ricardo Catunda ◽  
Elvio Rubio Gouveia ◽  
João Martins ◽  
Emilia Devantel Hercules ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Student Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Class Time ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Class Context ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Resumo. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar as aulas de educação física (EF) em duas escolas secundárias com metodologias de trabalho distintas. Foram avaliadas 37 aulas de EF através do System for Observing Instruction Time e calculadas as proporções médias do tempo de aula de cada comportamento do professor, do aluno, das situações do contexto da aula e o nível de atividade física (AF) proporcionado. As comparações entre escolas foram efetuadas por meio do teste T-Student. Nas duas escolas os alunos passaram muito tempo em atividades sedentárias e uma menor proporção de tempo em atividade física moderada a vigorosa, 40,1% e 38,8% para a escola A e B, respectivamente. O contexto predominante na escola A foi de atividades para aptidão física (37.2%), apresentando diferenças significativas (p<.05) em relação à escola B (2%). Na escola B predominaram os jogos estruturados (62.5%). Os professores da escola A dedicaram mais tempo às instruções gerais (41.1%), enquanto os professores da escola B ficaram mais tempo em observação (42.2%). As metodologias distintas desenvolvidas pelas escolas proporcionaram aulas de EF com reduzidas proporções de AF em níveis adequados para obtenção de benefícios à saúde.Resumen. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar las clases de educación física (PE) en dos escuelas secundarias con diferentes metodologías de trabajo. Se evaluaron 37 clases de educación física a través de System for Observing Instruction Time y se calcularon las proporciones promedio de tiempo de clase para cada maestro, el comportamiento del alumno, las situaciones del contexto del aula y el nivel de actividad física proporcionada. Las comparaciones entre escuelas se realizaron mediante la prueba T-Student. En ambas escuelas, los estudiantes pasaron mucho tiempo en actividades sedentarias y una menor proporción de tiempo en actividad física moderada a vigorosa, 40.1% y 38.8% para la escuela A y B, respectivamente. El contexto predominante en la escuela A fue la actividad física (37.2%), con diferencias significativas (p <.05) en relación con la escuela B (2%). En la escuela B, predominaban los juegos estructurados (62.5%). Los maestros de la escuela A dedicaron más tiempo a la instrucción general (41.1%), mientras que los maestros de la escuela B dedicaron más tiempo a la observación (42.2%). Las diferentes metodologías desarrolladas por las escuelas proporcionaron clases de educación física con proporciones reducidas de actividades físicas en niveles adecuados para obtener beneficios para la salud.Abstract. This study aimed at characterizing physical education (PE) classes in two secondary schools with different working methods. One school (A) was more sport oriented, and the other implement traditional PE classes. Thirty-seven PE classes were assessed through the System for Observing Instruction Time and the average proportions of class time for each teacher and student behavior, class context, and levels of physical activity provided were calculated. Comparisons between schools were made using the Student T-test. In both schools students spent much time in sedentary activities and a smaller proportion of time in moderate to vigorous physical activity, 40.1% and 38.8% for school A and B, respectively. In school A, teachers devoted more time to physical fitness activities (37.2%), presenting significant differences (p <.05) compared to school B (2%). In school B, structured games were predominant (62.5%). School A teachers spent more time on general instructions (41.1%), while in school B teachers spent more time on observations (42.2%). The different methodologies developed by the two schools provided PE classes with reduced physical activity proportions at adequate levels for obtaining health benefits.

Validity of a Revised System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT)

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman P. Pope ◽  
Karen J. Coleman ◽  
Eugenia C. Gonzalez ◽  
Felix Barron ◽  
Edward M. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Intraclass Correlations

This study was designed to validate the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT5) and a modified SOFIT scale (SOFIT6) for assessing activity levels in physical education (PE) classes. Participants were 56 third- to fifth-grade students from a predominantly (98%) Hispanic school. Inter-rater reliability, using intraclass correlations, for both SOFIT5 and SOFIT5 was r = .98. The correlation for the SOFIT5 with TriTrac was r = .60 (CI = .43–.734) and the correlation for the SOFIT6 with TriTrac was r = .68 (CI = .524–.804). A six-point SOFIT scale may be more sensitive to measuring variations in light and moderate physical activity during PE classes as compared to the standard five point SOFIT scale. This has important implications for using this observation system to estimate the effects of interventions for physical activity during PE classes.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING SCHOOL RECESS AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION AMONG DEAF SCHOOL CHILDREN1

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Yesica OCHOA MARTÍNEZ ◽  
Javier Arturo HALL LÓPEZ ◽  
Ana Maria TEIXEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
School Recess ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Didactic Strategies

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine comparatively the physical activity in Physical Education and school recess of hearing-impaired students in Primary Education. Fifty-eigth Physical Education classes and recess in Primary Education were evaluated in a representative way, in specialized educational institutions for people with hearing disabilities. Physical activity was determined using the system for observing fitness instruction time (SOFIT). Inferential statistics, using the Student’s t-test, reported significant differences with more moderate to vigorous physical activity performed during recess than in Physical Education. The same pattern was identified in schoolchildren without diagnosed disabilities. It is recommended that teachers guide the content for the development of coordinating skills that favor the gross and fine motor conditions of this population, implementing didactic strategies that increase the amount of moderate to vigorous activity in Physical Education that is greater than that performed during recess.

School-based physical education: Physical activity and implementation barriers in Vietnamese elementary schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quyen G To ◽  
Lee Wharton ◽  
Danielle Gallegos ◽  
Michalis Stylianou ◽  
Dung V Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
School Type ◽  
Implementation Barriers ◽  
Programme Implementation ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Lesson Context

Information about the Vietnamese physical education (PE) programme is limited due to a lack of relevant studies. Using the Health Optimising Physical Education as a conceptual framework, this study examined students’ physical activity (PA) levels in the fifth-grade PE programme in Vietnam and barriers to programme implementation. Eight schools (28 PE classes) were randomly selected for assessing students’ PA levels, lesson context, and PA promotion during PE lessons using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time. In-depth interviews were also conducted with school administrators, PE instructors, and classroom teachers using semi-structured guides to examine barriers influencing the implementation of the current PE programme. Results showed students spent 33% of PE time in moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA), which is less than the international recommendation of 50%. The amount of MVPA varied by school type, instructor gender and qualification. Programme implementation was negatively affected by the current structure that limits autonomy, a proclivity for a “one size fits all” approach to teaching PE, and limited motivation for PE instructors to improve their teaching. The low perceived value of PE, lack of support and professional development for existing PE instructors, and an over-emphasis on sports training due to available financial incentives were also identified as important barriers that affected programme implementation. Addressing these barriers could help improve the quality of the Vietnamese PE programme.

scholarly journals Comportamiento del Profesor, Intensidad y Tiempo Efectivo de las Clases de Educación Física en una escuela pública: Un acercamiento a la realidad (Teacher’s Behavior, Intensity and Effective Time of Physical Education Classes in a Public School: An Appro

Retos ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 160-163
Author(s):  
Cristian Retamal-Valderrama ◽  
Pedro Delgado Floody ◽  
Miguel Espinoza-Silva ◽  
Daniel Jerez-Mayorga
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Public School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Effective Time ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Intense Heat ◽  
Time Of Instruction

Actualmente se recomienda que los estudiantes participen en Actividad Física Moderada a Vigorosa (AFMV) al menos el 50% del tiempo empleado en la clase de Educación Física (EF). Por tal motivo el objetivo fue identificar el nivel de Actividad Física (AF), comportamiento del Profesor y tiempo efectivo de las clases de EF, en una escuela pública de Chile. Durante dos meses, se observaron 14 clases de EF y a tres profesores (2 hombres y 1 mujer), los alumnos, presentaban edades entre 6 a 10 años. La observación se realizó considerando solo las clases que tuvieran una duración de 90 minutos y que fueran realizadas en un día sin climas extremos como lluvia, calor intenso o contaminación ambiental. Se evaluó 1) el porcentaje de tiempo de actividad física del estudiante 2) los contenidos de la clase 3) la participación del profesor. Mediante el sistema de observación del tiempo de instrucción de condición física. Como principales resultados encontramos que el tiempo dedicado a una AFMV fue de un 32% de la clase de EF. Además, el 68% fue destinado a la práctica libre y el 90.6% el profesor no promovió el esfuerzo. Como conclusión, los resultados de la investigación indican que la AFMV fue más baja que la recomendada y el mayor tiempo de la clase de EF no se promueve el esfuerzo dentro de los escolares. Abstract. It is recommended that students are engaged at least 50% of their Physical Education (PE) classes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Thus, the objective was to identify the physical activity (PA) level, professor’s behavior and effective time of PE classes in a public school in Chile. Through two months, 14 PE classes and three teachers were observed. Observed students were between 6 and 10 years old. Only the classes that lasted 90 minutes and were not run in extreme conditions like rain, intense heat or environmental contamination were analyzed. We evaluated 1) student’s PA in percentage of time 2) class contents 3) teacher's participation. Everything was assessed through the system of observation of the time of instruction of the physical condition. The time dedicated to MVPA was 32% of the class. 68% was destined to the free practice. 90.6% the teacher did not promote the effort. The results indicate that the PA was significantly lower than the recommendation and in majority of time the PE teacher did not promote the students’ effort.

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