scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Extracts of Cymbopogon Citratus (Lemon Grass) and Phyllantus Amarus (Stone Breaker) Leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akintoyese O Alabi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

This study described the chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of fresh and dried leaves of Phyllantus amarus (PA) (Stone breaker), Cymbopogon citratus (CC) (Lemon grass) and combination of stone breaker and lemon grass (PA/CC and DL/DP) using standard methods. The proximate and mineral results showed that both fresh and dried samples of Phyllantus amarus and Cymbopogon citratus were rich in crude fibre (18.53%, 14.65%), ash (16.27%, 2.29%), potassium (95.56 mg/100g, 54.04 mg/100g), calcium (58.57 mg/100g, 7.05 mg/100g), and sodium (15.23 mg/100g, 9.84 mg/100g) respectively. The ability of the extracts to scavenge 2, 2 diphenyl -2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical showed that the fresh PA had the highest scavenging activity of 91.12 mg/g, followed (PA/CC) 90.93 mg/g and dried PA (85.61mg/g). The phytochemical composition of the extracts also revealed that they contain high content of cardiac glycoside (11.62 mg/g - 64.81 mg/g), terpenoid (14.56 mg/g - 69.66 mg/g), phenol (14.73 mg/g - 53.93 mg/g), saponin (22.61 mg/g - 30.47mg/g). Dried lemon and dried Phyllantus amarus (DL/DP) was found to be rich in Vitamin A (22.22 mg/g), while the lowest value of Vitamin E (0.36 mg/g) was obtained from fresh lemon grass (0.36mg/g). Antibacterial assay carried out on the two leaves extracts showed that they produced mild antibacterial activity against some foodborne pathogen (Bacillus cereus, Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas spp). with zones of inhibition of 4.3 mm -9.1mm. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the employment of the leaves in production of functional food

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities and Mineral Content of Buffalo Yoghurt Fortified with Fenugreek and Moringa oleifera Seed Flours

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten Dhawi ◽  
Hossam S. El-Beltagi ◽  
Esmat Aly ◽  
Ahmed M. Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

Recently, there is an increasing demand for functional yoghurts by consumer, especially those produced through the incorporation of food of plant origin or its bioactive components. The current research was devoted to formulating functional buffalo yoghurt through the addition of 0.1 and 0.2% of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seed flour (F1 and F2) and Moringa oleifera seed flour (M1 and M2). The effects of fortification were evaluated on physicochemical, total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AOA), the viability of yoghurt starter, and sensory acceptability of yoghurts during cold storage. Moringa oleifera seed flour had higher contents of TPC (140.12 mg GAE/g) and AOA (31.30%) as compared to fenugreek seed flour (47.4 mg GAE/g and 19.1%, respectively). Values of TPC and AOA significantly increased in fortified yoghurts, and M2 treatment had the highest values of TPC (31.61, 27.29, and 25.69 mg GAE/g) and AOA (89.32, 83.5, and 80.35%) at 1, 7, and 14 days of storage, respectively. M2 showed significantly higher antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. and the zones of inhibition were 12.65, 13.14, 17.23 and 14.49 mm, respectively. On the other hand, control yoghurt showed the lowest antibacterial activity and the zones of inhibition were (4.12, 5.21, 8.55, and 8.39 mm against E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp., respectively). Incorporation of 0.1% and 0.2% of moringa seed flour (M1 and M2) led to a higher content of Ca, P, K, and Fe and lower content of Mg and Zn as compared to F1 and F2, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that fenugreek and Moringa oleifera seed flour can be exploited in the preparation of functional novel yoghurt.

Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. from Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Fereshteh Eftekhar ◽  
Morteza Yousefzadi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Two Samples

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from two samples (GP1 and GP2) of Grammosciadium platycarpum Boiss. was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The analysis of the oils resulted in the identification of twenty-two constituents. Linalool (79.0% - GP1, 81.8% - GP2) and limonene (10.0%, 5.8%) were found to be the major components, respectively. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these oils and their main compounds against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The results exhibited that the total oils and their major components possess strong to moderate activities against all the tested bacteria except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and related mechanism of valonia and shell from Quercus variabilis Blume (Fagaceae) against Salmonella paratyphi a and Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zhou ◽  
Ze-Hua Liu ◽  
Dong-Mei Wang ◽  
Deng-Wu Li ◽  
Li-Na Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Mechanism ◽  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
Crude Extracts

Abstract Background Plant secondary metabolites and phytochemicals that exhibit strong bioactivities have potential to be developed as safe and efficient natural antimicrobials against food contamination and addressing antimicrobial resistance caused by the overuse of chemical synthetic preservative. In this study, the chemical composition, antibacterial activities and related mechanism of the extracts of the valonia and the shell of Quercus variabilis Blume were studied to determine its potential as a safe and efficient natural antimicrobial. Methods The phenolic compositions of valonia and shell extracts were determined by folin-ciocalteau colourimetric method, sodium borohydride/chloranil-based assay and the aluminium chloride method and then further identified by the reverse-phase HPLC analysis. The antibacterial activities of valonia and shell extracts were evaluated by the agar disk diffusion method and agar dilution method. The related antibacterial mechanism was explored successively by the membrane of pathogens effect, phosphorous metabolism, whole-cell proteins and the microbial morphology under scanning electron microscopy. Results The n-butanol fraction and water fraction of valonia along with n-butanol fraction of the shell contains enrich phenolics including ellagic acid, theophylline, caffeic acid and tannin acid. The n-butanol fraction and ethanol crude extracts of valonia exhibited strong antibacterial activities against Salmonella paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with the DIZ values ranged from 10.89 ± 0.12 to 15.92 ± 0.44, which were greater than that of the Punica granatum (DIZ: 10.22 ± 0.18 and 10.30 ± 0.21). The MIC values of the n-butanol fraction and ethanol crude extracts of valonia against S. paratyphi A and S. aureus were 1.25 mg/ml and 0.625 mg/ml. The related antibacterial mechanism of n-butanol fraction and ethanol crude extracts of valonia may be attributed to their strong impact on membrane permeability and cellular metabolism. Those extracts exhibited strong antibacterial activity according to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial proteins and seriously change morphological structure of bacterial cells. Conclusions The n-butanol fraction and ethanol crude extracts of valonia had reasonably good antibacterial activities against S. paratyphi A and S. aureus. This study suggests possible application of valonia and shell as natural antimicrobials or preservatives for food and medical application.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOAP MADE FROM ESSENTIAL OILS AND COMMERCIAL SOAP SOLD IN THE LEBANESE MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. e304
Author(s):  
Candy GERGES ◽  
Mohamad HADLA ◽  
Michele ELIALI ◽  
Martine RICHA ◽  
Nour Mammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Commercial Soap ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

Background: Thousands of people are dying as a result of infections caused by bacteria. Among the main routes of germ transmission are the hands, making hand hygiene very important in preventing the spread of pathogens and bacterial infection. Hand washing with soap and water is considered to be a simple and effective measure. Old soap manufacturers have long had traditional uses in the Lebanese community. Methods: The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of oil-based soaps with commercial soap sold in the Lebanese market. Different types of herbal soap and antiseptics have been used in this study. Four bacterial strains were used: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter Spp. The antibacterial activities of these soaps were determined by the diffusion method of disks in agar medium. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis of zones of inhibition showed that S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter Spp. were sensitive only to traditional oil-based soaps, which are Sage, Rose Mary and Cedar. In addition, S. aureus showed sensitivity to soaps comprised of essential oils as well as antibacterial synthetic soap, Dettol and Lifebuoy. On the other hand, E. coli showed resistance to all soaps. Soaps comprised of natural essential oils have shown antibacterial activity superior to so-called “Antibacterial” soaps. Conclusion: Based on this study, we can say that the use of soaps with essential oils might be the best option due to their organic origin as well as their antibacterial proved activities.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of two species of Lamiaceae against phytopathogenic bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARZU GORMEZ ◽  
SEDAT BOZARI ◽  
DERYA YANMIS ◽  
MEDİNE GULLUCE ◽  
FİKRETTİN SAHIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

In this study, we aimed to determine chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Satureja hortensis and Calamintha nepeta against to 20 phytopathogenic bacteria causing serious crop loss. The essential oils of S. hortensis and C. nepeta were isolated by the hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition of the essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial properties of the essential oils were evaluated against 20 phytopathogenic bacteria through Disc diffusion assay and micro dilution assay. The results revealed that the essential oils of S. hortensis and C. nepeta have significant antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the findings of the study are valuable for future investigations focusing on the alternative natural compounds to control plant diseases.

scholarly journals Screening of Antibacterial Activities of the Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Puteri Amelia ◽  
Rachma Ayunda ◽  
Saiful Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

Endophytes or endophytic fungi have been investigated as a store house of bioactive compound. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Medinilla speciosa Blume. The antibacterial test was determined by measuring the inhibition zone with disk-diffusion method. Twenty endophytes were isolated from the leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume and identified morphologically. The results demonstrated that ten isolates showed variation in their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313. Further investigation will be needed to explore and identify the bioactive molecules of the isolated endophytic fungi.

scholarly journals Sponge-Associated Actinobacteria: Morphological Character and Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
SASMIATI FARACH DITA ◽  
SRI BUDIARTI ◽  
YULIN LESTARI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Rrna Gene

Sponge-associated actinobacteria may diverse and have potency to produce bioactive compounds. Diversity and antimicrobial activity of indigenous sponge-associated actinobacteria isolated from the marine ecosystem in Indonesia have not much been explored. This work aimed to assess morphological and antibacterial activity of sponge-associated actinobacteria. The morphological characteristics were examined based on their color of aerial and substrate mycelia, and pigmentation, while antibacterial activities were assayed using the antagonist technique. The selected actinobacterial isolate was identified using 16S rRNA gene. Various sponge-associated actinobacteria were successfully isolated from Hyrtios sp., Callyspongia sp., and Neofibularia sp. sponges. A total of 62 actinobacterial isolates were obtained, and each isolate showed a variety of morphological characters, which could be seen in aerial mass color, substrate mass color, and pigmentation. Actinobacterial isolates were tested against human pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, representing Gram-positive, and Escherichia coli EPEC K1-1 and Shigella dysenteriae, representing Gram-negative. Most of actinobacterial isolates had antimicrobial activities at least against one of pathogenic bacteria. High activity was shown by NOHa.2, isolated from Neofibularia, and HRHa.5 isolated from Hyrtios. The NOHa.2 showed the highest antimicrobial activity against S. dysenteriae, meanwhile, HRHa.5 showed antimicrobial activity against 3 of 4 tested bacterial pathogens. These data showed diversity of sponge-asccociated actinobacteria from marine ecosystem in Indonesia, and several of them have potency as source of antibacterial compounds

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis Essential Oil Obtained by Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction: Comparison with Hydrodistillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazli Sozmen ◽  
Burcu Uysal ◽  
Birsen S Oksal ◽  
Elif Odabas Kose ◽  
I Gokhan Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxygenated Compounds

Abstract The components of the essential oils (EOs) obtained by solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and hydrodistillation (HD) from endemic Origanum saccatum P.H. Davis were identified by using GC/MS. The main constituents of both EOs obtained by SFME and HD, respectively, from O. saccatum were p-cymene (72.5 and 70.6%), thymol (9.32 and 8.11%), and carvacrol (7.18 and 6.36%). The EO obtained by SFME contained substantially higher amounts of oxygenated compounds and lower amounts of monoterpenes than did the EO obtained by HD. The antibacterial activities of the EOs obtained by SFME and HD were evaluated with the disc diffusion method by comparison with 10 different bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity of the EO extracted by SFME was found to be more effective than that of the EO extracted by HD against seven of the tested bacteria.

scholarly journals Biogenetic Conversion of Wyerone and Dihydrowyerone into Wyerone Epoxide in Vicia faba Cotyledons and Screening of Antibacterial Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nedhal A. Al-Douri ◽  
Randa N. Haddadin ◽  
Ashok K. Shakya ◽  
Ghaleb A. Oriquat
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
The Family ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Plant Produce ◽  
First Time

Background. Vicia faba is a plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. Cotyledons of this plant produce compounds called phytoalexins as a result of fungal and bacterial infection or stress factors. The phytoalexins are furanoacetylenic compounds. They include wyerone, wyerol, wyerone acid, their dihydro derivatives, and wyerone epoxide. These compounds have antimicrobial activities mainly against fungi. Objective. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the biogenetic conversion of wyerone and dihydrowyerone to wyerone epoxide in V. faba and to investigate the antibacterial activities of some of these phytoalexins. Materials and Methods. Seeds of Vicia faba were used. Labelled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were obtained by treating CuCl2-induced cotyledons with sodium (2-14C) acetate and separated by TLC and HPLC. Labelled wyerone and dihydrowyerone were then applied to induced bean cotyledons to establish any possible interconversion to wyerone epoxide. Antibacterial activity of wyerone, wyerone acid, and wyerone epoxide was investigated by disc diffusion test against a panel of microorganisms. Zones of inhibition were reported. Results. The radiolabeling studies showed that 12.4% of 14C-wyerone, and 6.01% of 14C-dihydrowyerone were incorporated into wyerone epoxide. This indicates that wyerone epoxide was most probably derived from wyerone and dihydrowyerone. In addition, a new compound, 11-hydroxywyerone was isolated for the first time. Additionally, this study showed that wyerone, wyerone epoxide, and wyerone acid had no antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria but were active against Gram-positive bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document