scholarly journals Long-distance particle transport to the central Ionian Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 6377-6392
Author(s):  
Léo Berline ◽  
Andrea Michelangelo Doglioli ◽  
Anne Petrenko ◽  
Stéphanie Barrillon ◽  
Boris Espinasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Lagrangian Modeling ◽  
Sicily Channel

Abstract. Together with T–S properties, particle abundance in situ measurements are useful to discriminate water masses and derive circulation patterns. In the upper layers of the Ionian Sea, the fresher Atlantic Waters (AW) recently crossing the Sicily Channel meet the resident and saltier AW, which circulated cyclonically in the eastern basin and modified after evaporation and eventually cooling. In May 2017, during the PEACETIME cruise, fluorescence and particle abundance sampled at high resolution revealed unexpected heterogeneity in the central Ionian Sea. Surface salinity measurements, together with altimetry-derived and hull-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) currents, describe a zonal pathway of AW entering the Ionian Sea, consistent with the so-called cyclonic mode in the North Ionian Gyre. The ION-Tr transect, located between 19–20∘ E at approximately 36∘ N, turned out to be at the crossroads of three water masses, mostly coming from the west, north and an isolated anticyclonic eddy northeast of ION-Tr. Using Lagrangian numerical simulations, we suggest that the contrast in particle loads along ION-Tr originates from particles transported from these three different water masses. Waters from the west, identified as AW carried by a strong southwestward jet, were moderate in particle load, probably originating from the Sicily Channel. The water mass from the north, carrying abundant particles, probably originated in the northern Ionian Sea, or further away from the south Adriatic Sea. Waters from the eddy, depleted in particles and chl a, may originate from south of the Peloponnese, where the Pelops eddy forms. The central Ionian Sea hence appears as a mosaic area, where waters of contrasted biological history meet. This contrast is particularly clear in spring, when blooming and non-blooming areas co-occur. Interpreting the complex dynamics of physical–biogeochemical coupling from discrete measurements made at isolated stations at sea is a challenge. The combination of multiparametric in situ measurements at high resolution with remote sensing and Lagrangian modeling appears as one adequate way to address this challenge.

scholarly journals Long distance particle transport to the central Ionian Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léo Berline ◽  
Andrea Michelangelo Doglioli ◽  
Anne Petrenko ◽  
Stéphanie Barrillon ◽  
Boris Espinasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Lagrangian Modeling ◽  
Sicily Channel

Abstract. In the upper layers of the Ionian Sea, young Mediterranean Atlantic Waters (MAW) flowing eastward from the Sicily channel meet old MAW. In May 2017, during the PEACETIME cruise, fluorescence and particle content sampled at high resolution revealed unexpected heterogeneity in the central Ionian. Surface salinity measurements, together with altimetry-derived and hull-mounted ADCP currents, describe a zonal pathway of AW entering the Ionian Sea, consistent with the so-called cyclonic mode in the North Ionian Gyre. The ION-Tr transect, located ~19–20° E–~36° N turned out to be at the crossroad of three water masses, mostly coming from the west, north and from an isolated anticyclonic eddy northeast of ION-Tr. Using Lagrangian numerical simulations, we suggest that the contrast in particle loads along ION-Tr originates from particles transported from these three different water masses. Waters from the west, identified as young AW carried by a strong southwestward jet, were intermediate in particle load, probably originating from the Sicily channel. Water mass originating from the north was carrying abundant particles, probably originating from northern Ionian, or further from the south Adriatic. Waters from the eddy, depleted in particles and Chl-a may originate from south of Peloponnese, where the Pelops eddy forms. The central Ionian Sea hence appears as a mosaic area, where waters of contrasted biological history meet. This contrast is particularly clear in spring, when blooming and non-blooming areas co-occur. Particle abundance in situ measurements are useful to discriminate water masses and derive circulation, together with T-S properties. Interpreting the complex dynamics of physical-biogeochemical coupling from discrete measurements made at isolated stations at sea is a big challenge. The combination of multi-parametric in situ measurements at high resolution with remote sensing and Lagrangian modeling appears as one proper way to address this challenge.

scholarly journals Particle transport in the central Ionian Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Berline ◽  
Andrea Doglioli ◽  
Anne Petrenko ◽  
Stephanie Barrillon ◽  
Boris Espinasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Masses ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
The West ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The North ◽  
Lagrangian Modeling ◽  
Sicily Channel ◽  
Biological History

<p><span>In the </span><span>upper</span><span> layers of the Ionian Sea, young Mediterranean Atlantic Waters (MAW) flowing eastward from the Sicily channel meet old MAW. In May 2017, during the PEACETIME cruise, </span><span>fluorescence and particle content sampled at high resolution revealed unexpected heterogeneity in the central Ionian. Surface salinity measurements, together with altimetry-derived and hull-mounted ADCP currents, describe a zonal pathway of AW entering the Ionian Sea, consistent with the so-called cyclonic mode in the North Ionian Gyre. The ION-Tr transect, located ~19-20°E- ~36°N turned out to be at the crossroad of three water masses, mostly coming from the west, north and from an isolated anticyclonic eddy northeast of ION-Tr. Using Lagrangian numerical simulations, we suggest that the contrast in particle loads </span><span>along </span><span>ION-Tr originates from particles transported from these three different water masses. Waters from the west, identified as young AW carried by a strong southwestward jet, were intermediate in particle load, probably originating from the Sicily channel. Water mass originating from the north was carrying abundant particles, probably originating from northern Ionian, or further from the south Adriatic. Waters from the eddy, depleted in particles and Chl-a may originate from south of Peloponnese, where the Pelops eddy forms. </span></p><p><span>The central Ionian Sea hence appears as a mosaic area, where waters of contrasted biological history meet. This contrast is particularly clear in spring, when blooming and non-blooming areas co-occur. </span></p><p><span>High resolution measurements reveal a high heterogeneity in properties such as particles abundances. To interpret these distributions, </span><span>combination of multiparametric </span><span><em>in situ</em></span><span> measurements with remote sensing and Lagrangian modeling appears </span><span>necessary</span><span>. </span></p>

scholarly journals Understanding oxide degradation mechanisms in ultra-thin SiO2 through high-speed, high-resolution in-situ measurements

2005 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 182-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Aresu ◽  
W. De Ceuninck ◽  
R. Degraeve ◽  
B. Kaczer ◽  
G. Knuyt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Oxide Degradation

Stratospheric aerosol following Pinatubo, comparison of the north and south mid latitudes using in situ measurements

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Deshler ◽  
J.Ben Liley ◽  
Gregory Bodeker ◽  
W.Andrew Matthews ◽  
David J Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South

scholarly journals California Central Valley Summer Heat Waves Form Two Ways*

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1201-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Young Lee ◽  
Richard Grotjahn
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Northern California ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The West ◽  
California Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract California Central Valley (CCV) heat waves are grouped into two types based on the temporal and spatial evolution of the large-scale meteorological patterns (LSMPs) prior to onset. The k-means clustering of key features in the anomalous temperature and zonal wind identifies the two groups. Composite analyses show different evolution prior to developing a similar ridge–trough–ridge pattern spanning the North Pacific at the onset of CCV hot spells. Backward trajectories show adiabatic heating of air enhanced by anomalous sinking plus horizontal advection as the main mechanisms to create hot lower-tropospheric air just off the Northern California coast, although the paths differ between clusters. The first cluster develops the ridge at the west coast on the day before onset, consistent with wave activity flux traveling across the North Pacific. Air parcels that arrive at the maximum temperature anomaly (just off the Northern California coast) tend to travel a long distance across the Pacific from the west. The second cluster has the ridge in place for several days prior to extreme CCV heat, but this ridge is located farther north, with heat anomaly over the northwestern United States. This ridge expands south as air parcels at midtropospheric levels descend from the northwest while lower-level parcels over land tend to bring hot air from directions ranging from the hot area to the northeast to the desert areas to the southeast. These two types reveal unexpected dynamical complexity, hint at different remote associations, and expand the assessment needed of climate models’ simulations of these heat waves.

Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK: High Resolution Geophysical Surveys in the Surrounding Landscape, 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Darvill ◽  
Friedrich Lüth ◽  
Knut Rassmann ◽  
Andreas Fischer ◽  
Kay Winkelmann
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
East Side ◽  
The West ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The North ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Surrounding Landscape ◽  
First Time ◽  
Southern Section ◽  
Management Issues

An extensive high-resolution geophysical survey covering 2 km2was undertaken to the north of Stonehenge in June and October 2011. The survey is important in providing, for the first time, abundant detail on the form and structure of the Stonehenge Cursus, including the recognition of entrances in both of the long sides. Much additional information about the internal form of round barrows in the Cursus Round Barrow Cemetery, the course of the Avenue, the course of the so-called Gate Ditch, and numerous tracks and early roads crossing the landscape was recorded. A series of previously unrecognized features were identified: a pit-arc or cove below a barrow on the west side of King Barrow Ridge, a square-shaped feature surrounded by pits on the east side of Stonehenge Bottom, and a linear ditch on the same solstical axis, and parallel to, the southern section of the Stonehenge Avenue. An extensive scatter of small metallic anomalies marking the position of camping grounds associated with the Stonehenge Free Festival in the late 1970s and early 1980s raise interesting conservation and management issues.

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